Is this an example of the Coriolis effect?
::这是Coriolis效应的一个例子吗?
Does Coriolis determine which direction water in a toilet will swirl? Unfortunately, no. Friction and the power of the flush have too big an influence. But in the atmosphere and oceans, Coriolis affects flow direction.
::科里奥利斯是否确定厕所中哪个方向的水会挥舞? 不幸的是,没有。 摩擦和冲浪的力量影响太大。 但在大气和海洋中,科里奥利斯影响流动方向。
Coriolis Effect
::Coriolis 效应
The Coriolis effect is not a force, even though that's what it is sometimes called. Coriolis does not force anything to happen! Coriolis is an effect. What does that mean?
::科里奥利斯效应并不是一种力量,即使它有时被称为它。科里奥利斯并不强迫任何事情发生。 科里奥利斯是一种效果。 这是什么意思?
The Coriolis effect describes how Earth’s rotation steers winds and surface ocean currents. Unlike land, air and water move freely (in the absence of obstacles). The Coriolis effect causes the path of a freely moving object to appear to curve. This is because Earth is rotating beneath the object. So even though the object's path is straight, it appears to curve. The curve appears to be to the right in the Northern Hemisphere . It appears to be to the left in the Southern Hemisphere .
::科里奥利斯效应描述地球的旋转如何引导风和表面洋流。 与陆地、空气和水自由移动不同( 在没有障碍的情况下 ) 。 科里奥利斯效应导致一个自由移动的物体的路径看起来呈曲线。 这是因为地球在物体下方旋转。 因此即使物体的路径是直的,它似乎也呈曲线。 曲线似乎在北半球的右边。 它似乎在南半球的左边。
Here is an example in the Northern Hemisphere. A plane takes off from City A . The pilot wants to land in City B, which is 500 miles due north. But the plane will not arrive there without corrections. City B was due north of City A when the plane took off. But during the time it takes for the airplane to fly 500 miles, City B moves east. This happens because of Earth's rotation. So if the airplane flies due north, it will arrive at a different city, City C. City C is west of City B (in the Northern Hemisphere). To reach City B, the pilot should curve right while flying north. The opposite happens in the Southern Hemisphere. In the flights between cities pictured below ( Figure ), the flight paths look curved. Since a flight path must curve to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, can you tell which city the plane took off from in each case?
::这是北半球的一个例子。 一架飞机从A城起飞。 飞行员想降落在B城, 北面500英里。 但飞机不会在没有校正的情况下到达那里。 飞机起飞时, 城市B在A城以北。 但是在飞机起飞时, 城市B在A城以北。 在飞机飞行500英里时, 城市B 向东移动。 这是地球旋转的结果。 所以如果飞机从北飞到另一个城市, C. C. 市C 是在B城( 北半球)以西。 要到达B城, 飞行员在向北飞时应该右转。 正好相反的是南半球。 在以下各城市之间的飞行中( 图示 ) , 飞行路线看起来是曲线的。 由于飞行路线必须向北半球的右边倾斜, 您能否知道每架飞机从哪个城市起飞吗 ?
The Coriolis effect is the reason that airlines' flight paths look curved, even though they are the shortest possible path. Although these flight paths show curves, what's wrong with this picture? (The curves do not all follow the path due to Coriolis.)
::科里奥利斯效应是航空公司的飞行路径看起来曲线化的原因,尽管它们是最短的路径。 虽然这些飞行路径显示曲线,但这一图象有什么问题? (曲线并非全都遵循科里奥利斯的路径 ) 。
Effect for Air or Water
::对空气或水的影响
As wind or an ocean current moves, the Earth spins underneath it. Wind or water that travels toward the poles from the equator curves to the east. Wind or water that travels toward the equator from the poles curves to the west. The Coriolis effect bends the direction of to the right in the Northern Hemisphere. The currents curve left in the Southern Hemisphere ( Figure ).
::随着风或洋流的移动,地球在其下方旋转。风或水从赤道曲线向北极向东移动。风或水从极曲线向赤道方向移动,从极曲线向西移动。Coriolis效应向北半球向右倾斜。南半球向左的海流曲线(图 ) 。
The Coriolis effect causes winds and currents to form circular patterns. The direction that they spin depends on the hemisphere that they are in.
::科里奥利斯效应导致风和海流形成循环模式,它们旋转的方向取决于它们所处的半球。
Summary
::摘要摘要摘要
- Earth rotates beneath freely moving objects like water and air. Compared with a spot on the planet, the objects appear to be moving.
::地球在自由移动的物体,如水和空气下旋转。与地球上的一个位置相比,这些物体似乎在移动。
- Freely moving objects appear to move right in the Northern Hemisphere. They appear to move left in the Southern Hemisphere.
::自由移动的物体似乎在北半球向右移动。它们似乎在南半球向左移动。
- Coriolis is an effect rather than a force. Coriolis does not force a motion. An object appears to have a change of motion due to the Coriolis effect.
::Coriolis是一种效果,而不是一种力量。Coriolis并不强迫一项动议。由于Coriolis效应,一个反对似乎改变了动议。
Review
::审查审查审查审查
- What is the Coriolis effect?
::科里奥利斯效应是什么?
- How does the Coriolis effect explain the curved flight paths in the image above ( Figure )?
::Coriolis 效果如何解释以上图像中的曲线飞行路径( 图 ) ?
- How does Coriolis affect wind and water?
::Coriolis如何影响风和水?
Explore More
::探索更多
Use these resources to answer the questions that follow.
::利用这些资源回答下面的问题。
- What is the Coriolis effect?
::科里奥利斯效应是什么?
- What is subject to the Coriolis effect?
::什么是受Coriolis效应的制约?
- What is the direction of deflection in the Northern Hemisphere?
::北半球的偏转方向是什么?
- What is the direction of deflection in the Southern Hemisphere?
::南半球的偏转方向是什么?