原子原子数量

What is unique about each one of us?
::我们每个人有什么独特之处?

For the vast majority of people, it is not their name, because it is quite possible for others in the world to have the same name (check it out by doing an internet search for your name and see how many other of "you" there are).  It is not your physical description.  Eye-witnesses to crime scenes often pick the wrong person when trying to identify the criminal.
::对于绝大多数人来说,这不是他们的名字,因为世界上其他人很有可能拥有同一个名字(通过在互联网上搜索你的名字来查一查,看看还有多少其他的“你 ” ) 。 这不是你的身体描述。 犯罪现场的目击证人在试图识别罪犯时往往选错人。

There may be some unique identifiers for us.  If you have a cell phone in your name, nobody else in the world has that number.  Email addresses are different for each of us, which is a good thing since we can email almost anywhere in the world.  Our DNA is unique, but getting a DNA analysis is expensive and time-consuming, so we really don't want to have to explore that.
::也许我们有一些独特的识别信息。 如果你有手机, 世界上没有其他人有这个号码。 电子邮件地址对我们每个人来说都是不同的, 这是件好事,因为我们几乎可以在世界上任何地方发邮件。 我们的DNA是独一无二的, 但是得到DNA分析是昂贵和费时的, 所以我们真的不想去探索。

Organizing the Elements
::组织要素

One of the goals of science is to discover the order in the universe and to organize information that reflects that order.  As information about the different was made known, efforts were made to see if there were patterns in all of the data.  An early attempt to organize data was made by Mendeleev, who developed the first periodic table .  His data set was based on atomic weights and was instrumental in providing clues as to the possible identity of new elements.  Once we learned the details of the atomic nucleus , the table was based on the number of in the nucleus, called the atomic number of the element.
::科学的目标之一是发现宇宙的秩序,并组织反映这种秩序的信息。随着关于不同信息的信息的公开,已经作出努力,以确定所有数据中是否存在模式。Mendeleev早期试图组织数据,他开发了第一个定期表格。他的数据集以原子重量为基础,有助于提供新元素可能特性的线索。一旦我们了解到原子核的细节,该表格就以核心中的数量为基础,称为元素的原子编号。

Atomic Number
::原子原子数量

The atomic number (Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of each of that element. This means that the number of protons is the characteristic which makes each element unique compared to all other elements. Elements are different because of their atomic number. The periodic table displays all of the known elements and is arranged in order of increasing atomic number. In this table, an element's atomic number is indicated above the elemental symbol. Hydrogen, at the upper left of the table, has an atomic number of 1. Every hydrogen atom has one proton in its nucleus. Following on the table is helium, whose atoms have two protons in the nucleus. Lithium atoms have three protons, and so forth.
::元素的原子编号( Z) 是一个元素核心中的质子数量。 这意味着质子数量是使每个元素与其他元素相比具有独特性的特点。 元素因其原子数不同而不同。 周期表显示所有已知元素, 并按增加原子数排列。 在本表格中, 元素原子数在元素符号上方显示 。 氢在表格左上方的原子数为 1 。 每个氢原子在其核心中有一个质子。 之后是, 其原子在核中有两个质子。 锂原子有三个质子, 等等 。

Since atoms are neutral, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Hydrogen atoms all have one occupying the space outside of the nucleus. Manganese (atomic number 25) would have twenty-five protons and twenty-five electrons.
::由于原子是中性的,电子的数量与质子的数量相等;氢原子都有一个在核外的空间。 Manganes(原子号25)将有25个质子和25个电子。

The classification of elements by atomic number allows us to understand many properties of the atom and makes it possible to predict behaviors instead of just having to memorize everything.
::按原子数对元素进行分类,使我们能够理解原子的许多特性,并使我们能够预测行为,而不是仅仅记住一切。

Summary
::摘要

播放段落
• The atomic number (Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element
  ::元素的原子编号(Z)是元素每个原子核心的质子数量。
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• The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in an atom of an element.
  ::电子数等于元素原子中的质子数。

Review
::回顾

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1. What is the atomic number of an atom? Why is this number important?
   ::一个原子的原子编号是什么?为什么这个数字重要?
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2. Using a periodic table, what is the atomic number of  helium have
   ::使用定期表格,何为原子数
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3. How many protons are in the following elements:?
   播放段落
   1. Ne
      ::内
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   2. Ca
      ::卡卡
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   3. Pt
      ::平点
   
   ::以下要素中有多少质子:
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4. Write the symbol for the element with the following atomic number:
   1. 18
   2. 41
   3. 82
   4. 12
   
   ::18 41 82 12