章节大纲

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    A detailed depiction of an insect, categorized by its genus and species.

    Do you know the proper name for this insect?
    ::你知道这只昆虫的真名吗?

    Proper naming is important for identification purposes.  Medicine names must be precise so that the correct drug is given, one that will help the patient and not harm them.  Biological classification of species requires accurate naming for proper categorization. The insect above has been properly categorized by genus and species, so it is uniquely identified.  Names must be correct for the tracing family trees in genealogical studies. Compounds used in must be correctly specified in order for the reaction to occur. 
    ::正确命名对于识别目的很重要。医学名称必须精确,以便提供正确的药物,一种能帮助病人而不是伤害病人的药物。生物物种分类需要准确的命名,以便进行适当的分类。上面的昆虫已经按照基因和物种进行了适当的分类,因此是独特的识别。在基因学研究中,对家族树木的追踪必须正确。必须正确指定所使用的化合物,以便作出反应。

    Binary Ionic Compounds
    ::二-二-二氧化离子化合物

    A binary is a composed of a monatomic metal and a monatomic .
    ::二进制是由一种单元金属和一种单元金属构成的。

    Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
    ::命名二进制离音化合物

    When examining the formula of a compound in order to name it, you must first decide what kind of compound it is. For a binary ionic compound , a metal will always be the first in the formula, while a nonmetal will always be the second. The metal cation is named first, followed by the nonmetal anion. Subscripts in the formula do not affect the name. The Table shows three examples:
    ::当检查化合物的配方以给其命名时,您必须首先决定它是哪种化合物。对于二进制的离子化合物,一种金属将永远是公式中的第一个,而一种非金属将永远是第二个。金属的刻度首先命名,然后是非金属的阴离子。公式中的下标不影响名称。表格显示三个例子:

    Naming Binary Ionic Compounds

    Formula
    ::公式公式公式

    Name
    ::名称名称名称名称名称

    KF
    ::KF 韩国法郎

    potassium fluoride
    ::钾氟化钾

    Na 3 N
    ::纳3N型

    sodium nitride
    ::硝酸钠

    Ca 3 P 2
    ::Ca3P2

    calcium phosphide
    ::磷化钙

    Notice that in each of the formulas above, the overall charge of the compound is zero. Potassium is K + , while fluoride ion is F - . Since the magnitude of the charges is equal, the formula contains one of each ion. This would also be the case for a compound such as MgS, in which the ions are Mg 2+ and S 2- . For sodium nitride, the sodium ion is Na + , while the nitride ion is N 3- . In order to make a neutral compound, three of the 1+ sodium ions are required in order to balance out the single 3− nitride ion. So the Na is given a subscript of 3. For calcium phosphide, the calcium ion is Ca 2+ , while the phosphide ion is P 3- . The least common multiple of 2 and 3 is 6. To make the compound neutral, three calcium ions have a total charge of 6+, while two phosphide ions have a total charge of 6−. The Ca is given a subscript of 3, while the P is given a subscript of 2.
    ::注意在以上每种配方中,化合物的总充电为零。 钾是K+, 氟离子是F。 由于充电的大小相等, 配方包含每离子中的一种。 这也适用于MgS等化合物, 其中离子为Mg2+和S2。 对于硝酸钠, 钠离子为Na+, 而硝化离子为N3。 为了制造中性化合物, 1+钠中的三个需要1+钠中的三个来平衡单3- 硝化离子。 因此, Na的下标为3, 对于磷化钙, 钙离子为Ca2+, 而磷离子为P3。 最小常见的乘数为2和3是P6。 要使化合物中性, 3钙离子的总充电量为6+, 而两磷离子的总充电为6-。 氨的下标为3, 而P为2的下标为Ca2。

     

     

     

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • A binary ionic compound is a compound composed of a monatomic metal cation and a monatomic nonmetal anion.
      ::二进制离子化合物是由一种元金属电解和一种非金属阴离子构成的化合物。
    • The metal part of the compound is named as the element.
      ::化合物的金属部分被命名为元素。
    • The non-metallic part of the compound is named by dropping the end of the element and adding –ide.
      ::化合物的非金属部分的名称是,通过掉下元素的末端并添加-ide。
    • For binary compounds, it is not necessary to indicate the number of ions in the compound .
      ::对于二进制化合物,不必说明化合物中的离子数量。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. What is a binary compound?
      ::什么是二进制化合物?
    2. Which of the following is not a binary compound?
      1. NaCl
        ::NaCl 纳居器
      2. KH 2 PO 4
        ::KH2PO4
      3. KBr
        ::KBr KBr , KBr , KBr , KBr , KBr , KBr , KBr

      ::以下哪些不是二进制化合物? NaCl KH2PO4 KBr
    3. Name the following compounds:
      1. NaBr
        ::NaBR 纳布尔
      2. MgCl 2
        ::MgCl2 兆克Cl2
      3. LiI
        ::利利
      4. CaO
        ::CAO 库奥
      5. CuBr 2
        ::CuBr2 库布尔2cuBr2
      6. FeO
        ::FEO 菲奥

      ::以下化合物名称: NaBr MgCl2 LiI CAO CUBR2 FEO