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编程与计算机科学
程序设计
C++语言
标准库”（Standard Libraries）
标准库”（Standard Libraries）
Section outline
“标准库”（Standard Libraries）是一组与操作系统无关的 C++ 类，应在任何 C++ 开发环境中都可用。这些类位于
std
命名空间中。
Select activity C- runtime
C- runtime
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Select activity Math
Math
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Select activity Basic Math
Basic Math
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Select activity Trigonometry
Trigonometry
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Select activity 有理数(rational numbers)
有理数(rational numbers)
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Select activity 复数(Complex Numbers)
复数(Complex Numbers)
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Select activity 杂项数学(Miscellaneous Math)
杂项数学(Miscellaneous Math)
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Select activity 堆内存(Heap Memory)
堆内存(Heap Memory)
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Select activity 分配(Allocation)
分配(Allocation)
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Select activity 内存操作(Memory Manipulation)
内存操作(Memory Manipulation)
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Select activity 泄漏(Leaks)
泄漏(Leaks)
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Select activity 时间(Time)
时间(Time)
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Select activity 时间作为字符串(Time as a String)
时间作为字符串(Time as a String)
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Select activity 精确时间(Precise Time)
精确时间(Precise Time)
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Select activity 作为CPU时钟的时间跨度(Timespan as CPU Clockticks)
作为CPU时钟的时间跨度(Timespan as CPU Clockticks)
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Select activity 基本算法(Basic Algorithms)
基本算法(Basic Algorithms)
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Select activity 搜索(Search)
搜索(Search)
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Select activity 快速排序(Quick Sort)
快速排序(Quick Sort)
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Select activity 执行Shell命令(Executing a Shell Command)
执行Shell命令(Executing a Shell Command)
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Select activity STL：标准模板库(STL: Standard Template Library)
STL：标准模板库(STL: Standard Template Library)
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Select activity 集合类(Collection Classes)
集合类(Collection Classes)
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Select activity 序列集合(Sequence Collections)
序列集合(Sequence Collections)
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Select activity 矢量(Vector)
矢量(Vector)
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Select activity 构造(Construction)
构造(Construction)
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Select activity 尺寸(Size)
尺寸(Size)
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Select activity 等式(Equality)
等式(Equality)
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Select activity 索引(Indexing)
索引(Indexing)
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Select activity 删除项目(Removing Items)
删除项目(Removing Items)
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Select activity 插入项目(Inserting Items)
插入项目(Inserting Items)
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Select activity 赋值(Assignment)
赋值(Assignment)
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Select activity Bool向量(Vector Of Bool)
Bool向量(Vector Of Bool)
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Select activity STL数组(StlArray)
STL数组(StlArray)
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Select activity 双队列(Deque)
双队列(Deque)
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Select activity 列表(List)
列表(List)
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Select activity 单链表(Forward-List)
单链表(Forward-List)
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Select activity 排序的集合(Sorted Collections)
排序的集合(Sorted Collections)
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Select activity 一个 Pair 项(A Pair as one Item)
一个 Pair 项(A Pair as one Item)
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Select activity tuple（元组）
tuple（元组）
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Select activity 图(Map)
图(Map)
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Select activity 构造(Construction)
构造(Construction)
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Select activity 排序类(Sort Class)
排序类(Sort Class)
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Select activity 自定义Sort-Class(Custom Sort-Class)
自定义Sort-Class(Custom Sort-Class)
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Select activity 尺寸(Size)
尺寸(Size)
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Select activity 相等性(equality)
相等性(equality)
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Select activity 索引(Indexing)
索引(Indexing)
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Select activity 删除项目(Removing Items)
删除项目(Removing Items)
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Select activity 插入项目(Inserting Items)
插入项目(Inserting Items)
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Select activity 赋值(Assignment)
赋值(Assignment)
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Select activity 多个条目图(multi map)
多个条目图(multi map)
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Select activity 集(Set)
集(Set)
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Select activity 多条目集(multiset)
多条目集(multiset)
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Select activity 哈希表(Hash Table)
哈希表(Hash Table)
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Select activity 迭代器(Iterators)
迭代器(Iterators)
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Select activity 基本迭代器(Basic Iterators)
基本迭代器(Basic Iterators)
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Select activity 范围(Ranges)
范围(Ranges)
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Select activity 插入迭代器(Insert-Iterators)
插入迭代器(Insert-Iterators)
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Select activity 反向迭代器(Reverse-Iterators)
反向迭代器(Reverse-Iterators)
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Select activity 流迭代器(Stream-Iterators)
流迭代器(Stream-Iterators)
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Select activity 自定义迭代器(Custom Iterators)
自定义迭代器(Custom Iterators)
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Select activity 适配器(Adapters)
适配器(Adapters)
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Select activity 堆(Stack)
堆(Stack)
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Select activity 队列(Queue)
队列(Queue)
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Select activity 二叉堆(BinaryHeap)
二叉堆(BinaryHeap)
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Select activity 可调用对象(Callable-Objects)
可调用对象(Callable-Objects)
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Select activity 函数名作为值(A Function Name as a Value)
函数名作为值(A Function Name as a Value)
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Select activity 成员函数(Member Function)
成员函数(Member Function)
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Select activity 隐式getter-function(Implicit Getter-Function)
隐式getter-function(Implicit Getter-Function)
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Select activity 仿函数（functor）
仿函数（functor）
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Select activity lambda 表达式
lambda 表达式
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Select activity 通用的Lambda
通用的Lambda
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Select activity 绑定新函数(Binding New Function)
绑定新函数(Binding New Function)
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Select activity 算法(algorithm)
算法(algorithm)
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Select activity 使用 C 数组(Usage with a C-Array)
使用 C 数组(Usage with a C-Array)
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Select activity 查询(Querying)
查询(Querying)
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Select activity 计数(Counting)
计数(Counting)
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Select activity 搜索(Searching)
搜索(Searching)
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Select activity 累加(Accumulating)
累加(Accumulating)
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Select activity 逐个应用项目(Applying Item By Item)
逐个应用项目(Applying Item By Item)
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Select activity 逐个处理项目(Processing Item-by-Item)
逐个处理项目(Processing Item-by-Item)
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Select activity 忽略先验值(Ignoring Prior Values)
忽略先验值(Ignoring Prior Values)
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Select activity 两个集合的逐项组合(Item-by-Item Combination of Two Collections)
两个集合的逐项组合(Item-by-Item Combination of Two Collections)
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Select activity 修改(Modifying)
修改(Modifying)
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Select activity 复制(Copying)
复制(Copying)
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Select activity 移除(Removing)
移除(Removing)
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Select activity 重新排序(Reordering)
重新排序(Reordering)
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Select activity 字符串(Strings)
字符串(Strings)
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Select activity 统一的字符编码标准(Unicode)
统一的字符编码标准(Unicode)
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Select activity 避免缓冲区溢出(Avoiding Buffer-Overrun)
避免缓冲区溢出(Avoiding Buffer-Overrun)
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Select activity 字符类(Character Categories)
字符类(Character Categories)
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Select activity C字符串操作(C String Manipulation)
C字符串操作(C String Manipulation)
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Select activity 字符串类(String Class)
字符串类(String Class)
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Select activity 构造(Construction)
构造(Construction)
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Select activity 相等(Equality)
相等(Equality)
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Select activity 索引(Indexing)
索引(Indexing)
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Select activity 插入字符(Inserting Characters)
插入字符(Inserting Characters)
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Select activity 算法(Algorithms)
算法(Algorithms)
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Select activity 数值转换(Casting Numeric Values)
数值转换(Casting Numeric Values)
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Select activity 数字转字符串(Number To String)
数字转字符串(Number To String)
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Select activity 字符串转数字(String To Number)
字符串转数字(String To Number)
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Select activity 字符串别名(Aliased Strings)
字符串别名(Aliased Strings)
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Select activity 正则表达式(Regular Expressions)
正则表达式(Regular Expressions)
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Select activity 本地(locale)
本地(locale)
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Select activity 输入输出流(Iostreams)
输入输出流(Iostreams)
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Select activity 字符串流(Stringstream)
字符串流(Stringstream)
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Select activity 流式传输自定义类型(Streaming Custom Types)
流式传输自定义类型(Streaming Custom Types)
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Select activity 文件系统访问(File system Access)
文件系统访问(File system Access)
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Select activity 移动和删除(Moving and Deleting)
移动和删除(Moving and Deleting)
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Select activity 目录(directories)
目录(directories)
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Select activity 二进制文件(BinaryFiles)
二进制文件(BinaryFiles)
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Select activity 格式化输入输出(Formatted Io)
格式化输入输出(Formatted Io)
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Select activity 换行符转换文件(New line Converted Files)
换行符转换文件(New line Converted Files)
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Select activity 文件尺寸(Size Of File)
文件尺寸(Size Of File)
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Select activity 重定向标准输出(Redirecting stdout)
重定向标准输出(Redirecting stdout)
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Select activity 管道(Pipes)
管道(Pipes)
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Select activity 控制台输入输出(ConsoleIo)
控制台输入输出(ConsoleIo)
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Select activity 流输入输出(StreamedIo)
流输入输出(StreamedIo)
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Select activity 多线程(Multithreading)
多线程(Multithreading)
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Select activity 线程创建(Thread Creation)
线程创建(Thread Creation)
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Select activity 临界区(Critical Section)
临界区(Critical Section)
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Select activity 原子值(AtomicValues)
原子值(AtomicValues)
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Select activity 锁(Locks)
锁(Locks)
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Select activity 事件(Events)
事件(Events)
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Select activity 返回值(Return Value)
返回值(Return Value)
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Select activity 信号量(Semaphores)
信号量(Semaphores)
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Select activity 资源管理(Resource Management)
资源管理(Resource Management)
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Select activity 片段排序(Fragment Ordering)
片段排序(Fragment Ordering)
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Select activity 环形缓冲区(Ring Buffer)
环形缓冲区(Ring Buffer)
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Select activity 读和写(ReadersAndWriters)
读和写(ReadersAndWriters)
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Select activity 监视器和通道(Monitors And Channels)
监视器和通道(Monitors And Channels)
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Select activity RNG：随机数生成器(RNG: Random Number Generator)
RNG：随机数生成器(RNG: Random Number Generator)
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