制 制 制 制 制 制 制 制 制 制 制 制 制 制 者

Where does all the bear's energy come from?
::熊的能量来自何方?

Bears get their energy from their food. Brown bears eat a varied diet, from nuts and berries to and other animals . When bears eat a berry, they are obtaining energy that the plant originally captured from the sun. Even when a bear eats another animal, the energy in that animal ultimately came from eating a producer that captured the sun's energy.
::熊从食物中获取能量。棕熊食用不同的饮食,从坚果和浆果到其他动物。当熊食用果汁时,它们获得植物最初从太阳中捕获的能量。即使熊食用另一动物,动物的能量最终来自捕食捕食捕食太阳能量的生产者。

Producers
::生产者 生产者

Energy is the ability to do work. In organisms , this work can be physical work, like walking or jumping, or it can be the work used to carry out the chemical processes in their cells . Every biochemical reaction that occurs in an organism's cells needs energy. All organisms need a constant supply of energy to stay alive.
::能量是工作的能力。 在生物体中,这种工作可以是体力工作,如步行或跳跃,也可以是用于在细胞中进行化学过程的工作。在生物体细胞中发生的每一种生化反应都需要能量。所有生物都需要不断的能量来生存。

Some organisms can get the energy directly from the sun. Other organisms get their energy from other organisms. Through predator- prey relationships , the energy of one organism is passed on to another. Energy is constantly flowing through a community. With just a few exceptions, all life on Earth depends on the sun’s energy for survival.
::有些生物可以从太阳直接获得能量。 其他生物可以从其他生物获得能量。 通过捕食者与捕食者之间的关系,一个生物的能量传递到另一个生物。 能源不断通过一个社区流动。 除了少数例外,地球上的所有生命都依赖太阳的能量生存。

The energy of the sun is first captured by producers ( Figure ), organisms that can make their own food. Many producers make their own food through the process of . The "food" the producers make is the sugar, glucose . Producers make food for the rest of the . As energy is not recycled, energy must consistently be captured by producers. This energy is then passed on to the organisms that eat the producers, and then to the organisms that eat those organisms, and so on.
::太阳的能量首先被生产者(图)所捕捉,这些生物可以自己制造食物。许多生产者通过生产过程自己生产食物。生产者制造的“食物”是糖、葡萄糖。生产者为其余部分生产食物。由于能源不回收,能源必须始终由生产者捕捉。然后,这种能量传递给吃生产者的有机体,然后传递给吃这些有机体的有机体,等等。

Recall that the only required ingredients needed for photosynthesis are sunlight, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and water (H ₂ O). From these simple inorganic ingredients, photosynthetic organisms produce the carbohydrate glucose (C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ ), and other complex . Essentially, these producers are changing the energy from the sunlight into a usable form of energy. They are also making the oxygen that we breathe. Oxygen is a waste product of photosynthesis.
::回顾光合作用所需的唯一必需的成分是阳光、二氧化碳(CO2)和水(H2O),在这些简单的无机成分中,光合生物产生碳水化合物甘蔗糖(C6H12O6)和其他复合物。基本上,这些生产商正在将能量从阳光转变为可用能源。它们还在制造我们呼吸的氧气。氧气是光合作用废物的产物。

The survival of every ecosystem is dependent on the producers. Without producers capturing the energy from the sun and turning it into glucose, an ecosystem could not exist. On land, plants are the dominant producers. Phytoplankton , tiny photosynthetic organisms, are the most common producers in the oceans and lakes. , which is the green layer you might see floating on a pond, are an example of phytoplankton.
::每个生态系统的生存都取决于生产者。如果生产者不从太阳中获取能源并将其转化为葡萄糖,生态系统就不可能存在。在陆地上,植物是主要的生产者。植物是海洋和湖泊中最常见的生物。 植物浮游生物、小型光合生物是海洋和湖泊中最常见的生产者。 绿地是水塘中浮游的绿地,是浮游植物的一个例子。

There are also bacteria that use chemical processes to produce food. They get their energy from sources other than the sun, but they are still called producers. This process is known as chemosynthesis , and is common in ecosystems without sunlight, such as certain marine ecosystems.
::还有一些细菌利用化学过程生产食物,它们从太阳以外的来源获取能量,但它们仍然被称为生产者。 这一过程被称为化学合成,在没有阳光的生态系统中很常见,比如某些海洋生态系统。

Summary
::摘要

播放段落
• With just a few exceptions, all life on Earth depends on the sun’s energy for survival.
  ::除了少数例外,地球上的所有生命都依赖于太阳的生存能量。
播放段落
• Producers make food for the rest of the ecosystem through the process of photosynthesis, where the energy of the sun is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
  ::生产者通过光合作用过程为生态系统的其余部分生产食物,利用太阳的能量将二氧化碳和水转化为葡萄糖。

Explore More
::探索更多

Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.
::利用以下资源回答以下问题。

播放段落
• Producers and Consumers at (1:59)
  ::生产者和消费者(1:59)

播放段落
1. Can producers function without sunlight? Why or why not?
   ::生产商能否在没有阳光的情况下发挥作用?为什么或为什么不能?
播放段落
2. What are some examples of producers? Why are they called autotrophs?
   ::生产者的一些例子是什么?为什么它们被称为自发性?
播放段落
3. How do some producers use sunlight to make "food"? What other resources do they require?
   ::一些生产商如何利用阳光制造 " 食物 " ?他们需要哪些其他资源?

Review
::回顾

播放段落
1. Where does all the "food" in an ecosystem ultimately come from?
   ::生态系统中的所有“食物”最终来自何方?
播放段落
2. What is the most common method of producing energy for an ecosystem? What is the energy that is made?
   ::为生态系统生产能源的最常用方法是什么?创造的能源是什么?
播放段落
3. What "ingredients" are needed for the process of photosynthesis?
   ::光合作用过程需要哪些“要素”?
播放段落
4. Why are producers important to an ecosystem?
   ::为什么生产者对生态系统很重要?