Section outline

  • Banks and Financial Institutions
    ::银行和金融机构

    In the previous lessons, you learned that individuals decide to allocate portions of their income to current consumption and savings. Financial planners recommend that individuals save at least three months of expenses in a "liquid" (easily accessible and easily converted to cash) account. Most people establish checking accounts from which to pay bills and to make purchases. Savings and checking accounts are depository accounts. In addition, banks make loans to individuals and businesses. Many banks give free checking accounts to students. The bank expects that the young people will have earning power when they complete their education and hope to get consumer loyalty in return for the free checking.
    ::在以往的教训中,你了解到,个人决定将其收入的一部分分配到目前的消费和储蓄中。金融规划者建议个人在“流动”账户中储蓄至少三个月的开支(容易获得并容易转换为现金)账户。大多数人建立支票账户,以支付账单和进行购买。储蓄和支票账户是存款账户。此外,银行向个人和企业提供贷款。许多银行向学生提供免费支票账户。银行期望年轻人在完成教育后将有能力挣钱,并希望获得消费者忠诚以换取免费支票。

    Universal Generalizations
    ::普遍化

    • Financial institutions serve both borrowers and savers.
      ::金融机构为借款人和储蓄人服务。
    • Banks are in business to make money.
      ::银行是做生意赚钱的。
    • Financial institutions make it possible to save your money in a secure location.
      ::金融机构可以将你的钱存到安全地点。
    • Financial institutions consider your credit score when lending money.
      ::金融机构在借钱时会考虑你的信用分数

    Guiding Questions
    ::问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问 问

    1. In addition to the depository institutions, what non-depository institutions exist to serve as financial intermediaries?
      ::除保存机构外,还有哪些非储存机构作为金融中介机构?
    2. What types of accounts are offered to consumers?  What are the costs associated with these accounts?
      ::向消费者提供哪类账户?与这些账户相关的费用是什么?

    Video: Checking and Savings 101
    ::录像:支票和储蓄 101

    Banking 
    ::银行银行银行

    money

     

       

    It is important to develop a plan for our financial savings future, so that we can budget and balance our income and our expenditures. We must understand our various banking institutions and how they function. Investing early in life gives the nest egg time to grow. Insurance and other risk-management strategies protect against financial loss. Using credit has costs and benefits. All of this knowledge will help us become more informed decision makers in our economy.
    ::重要的是要制定未来财政储蓄计划,以便我们能够预算,平衡收入和开支。我们必须理解我们的各种银行机构及其运作方式。 生命早期投资为孵蛋成长提供了时间。 保险和其他风险管理战略可以防止财政损失。 使用信贷有成本和收益。 所有这些知识将有助于我们成为经济中更知情的决策者。

    Activity
    ::活动活动活动活动

    Follow the directions below to complete the activity.
    ::完成活动要遵循以下方向。

    Read the comic titled "The Story of Banks." This comic is a .pdf file which can be downloaded by accessing the Unit 5 Resources. You will also find a Word .docx file of the assignment questions listed below the image. Complete and submit the assignment according to your teacher's instructions.
    ::读取名为“ 银行的故事” 的漫画。 此漫画是一个 pdf 文件, 可以通过访问 5 单元资源下载 。 您还将在图像下面找到一个任务问题的 Word. docx 文件 。 完成并提交您老师的指示 。

    lesson content

    Activity - "The Story of Banks" - Questions
    ::活动 - "银行史" - 问题

    Answer the questions as you read and then submit your responses according to your teacher’s instructions.  
    ::回答您所读的问题,然后根据老师的指示提交答复。

    1. Why do individuals and business owners deposit their money in banks?
    ::1. 个人和企业所有者为何将其资金存入银行?

    2. What is a checking account and why do individuals need one?
    ::2. 什么是支票帐户,为什么个人需要支票帐户?

    3. What is a money order and who might use these to pay bills?
    ::3. 什么是汇票,谁可以用这些汇票支付账单?

    4. What do S and L’s (savings and loan banks) do?
    ::4. S和L(储蓄和贷款银行)做什么?

    5. What is a credit union?
    ::5. 什么是信用社?

    6. What do you need to use a check for payment for goods and services?
    ::6. 您需要用什么支付商品和服务的支票?

    7. How does the store get the money?
    ::7. 商店如何得到钱?

    8. What is an overdraft?
    ::8. 什么是透支?

    9. What are the penalties for writing bad checks?
    ::9. 写坏支票的处罚是什么?

    10. What is an ATM?
    ::10. 什么是自动取款机?

    11. What does the bank do with the money customers deposited?
    ::11. 银行如何处置存款客户?

    12. How much of the deposits can the bank lend?
    ::12. 银行可以借出多少存款?

    13. Explain the reserve requirement?
    ::13. 说明准备金所需经费?

    14. Explain how banks create money by making loans? Give an example.
    ::14. 说明银行如何通过贷款创造资金?举一个例子。

    15. Who insures consumer deposits in banks?
    ::15. 谁为银行中的消费者存款提供保险?

    16. What types of accounts pay interest?
    ::16. 何种账户支付利息?

    17. What documents does a business need to prepare to apply for a bank loan for expansion?
    ::17. 企业需要哪些文件来准备申请银行贷款以扩大规模?

    18. What electronic services do banks provide?
    ::18. 银行提供何种电子服务?

    Now apply what you learned.
    ::现在,应用你学到的东西。

    Compare three banks that have branches in your neighborhood. Which one offers the best program for your checking account needs? Compare services, fees, convenience, and reputation.  Make up your criteria, chart them and explain your decision.

    (Insert the names of the banks.)
    :sad插入银行名称。 )

    Criteria
    ::标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准标准

    Bank 1
    ::银行1 银行1

    Bank 2
    ::银行2 银行2

    Bank 3
    ::银行银行 3

    Fees
    ::收费费

     

     

     

    List your other criteria in this column.
    ::在此列中列出您的其他标准 。

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Now write a brief explanation explaining your decision on which bank would be best for your needs. 
    ::现在写一个简短的解释 解释你对哪家银行最适合你的需求的决定

     

    Follow the links below to Khan Academy to learn more about how banks work:

     

    Decision Making and Planning for the Future
    ::未来的决策和规划

    Individuals expect economists, government officials, and corporations to make good decisions concerning the economy. In the same manner, consumers need to make informed personal financial decisions. In this video, you will learn about how to use the PACED decision making process to evaluate economic decisions.
    ::个人期望经济学家、政府官员和公司对经济做出正确的决策。 同样,消费者需要做出知情的个人金融决策。 在这一视频中,您将学会如何使用PACED决策过程来评估经济决策。

    As a typical United States teenager, you are consuming some of the family disposable income. You may have income from a part-time job, doing odd jobs, or receiving an allowance. Statistics vary, but you may account for $1500 to $5000 worth of consumer spending annually. Estimates are that teens spend $1000 on the Prom.
    ::作为典型的美国青少年,你正在消费一些家庭可支配收入。 你可能从兼职工作、做散装工作或领取津贴中获得收入。 统计数字各不相同,但每年消费支出价值可能高达1500美元至5000美元。 据估计,青少年在毕业典礼上花费了1000美元。

    " Teenagers are the hottest consumer demographic in America. At 33 million strong, they comprise the largest generation of teens America has ever seen--larger, even, than the much-ballyhooed Baby Boom generation. Last year, America's teens spent $100 billion, while influencing their parents' spending to the tune of another $50 billion."  (Source: PBS Frontline " ")
    ::“青少年是美国最热门的消费人口。3300万富翁的青少年构成美国有史以来最大的一代青少年,甚至比广受欢迎的婴儿潮一代还多。 去年,美国青少年花费了1 000亿美元,同时影响他们父母的支出高达500亿美元。 ” (资料来源:PBS前线 ” )

    Watch segment 1 of the to understand why business targets teen consumers.
    ::观察第1部分 了解为什么商业 瞄准青少年消费者。

    Now that you have watched the video, consider this question:

    How much of your money do the "Merchants of Cool" and the merchants of the necessities like transportation get each week? Keep all receipts for every item (good or service) you purchase every day for seven days. If you put money in a vending machine or do not get a receipt for an item note the amount on a piece of paper or your smart phone.
    ::“酷货商”和交通等必需品的商人每周能得到多少钱?你每天购买的每件物品(货物或服务)都保留所有收据7天。如果你把钱放进自动售货机或没有物品收据,那么纸上或智能手机上的数额。

    • Tally your spending each day and also at the end of the week.  
      ::每天和周末都花上点时间
    • Did the total surprise you?
      ::完全让你吃惊了吗?
    • Will you make any changes in your spending for the next week?
      ::你会改变下周的花费吗?
    • Could you save more money for your future?
      ::你能为你的未来省点钱吗?
    • Would you manage your money more effectively if you used the PACED model?
      ::如果你使用PACED模型,你会更有效地管理你的钱吗?

    Individuals need a budget just like banks, corporations, and government. Each individual or household makes decisions on what to do with disposable or after tax income. Fixed expenses take a portion. The rest will be allocated to spending on consumption or saving for the future.
    ::个人需要预算,就像银行、公司和政府一样。 每个个人或家庭都决定如何处置可支配收入或税收收入之后。 固定支出占一部分。 其余将分配给消费支出或未来储蓄。

    Activity
    ::活动活动活动活动

    Follow the instructions below to complete the activity.
    ::按照以下指示完成活动。

    How much money will you need to earn in order to afford the lifestyle you want to have after graduating from college? Go to the and click on the "Enter Reality Check" button to calculate spending and the income you need. You are creating a budget in the process.
    ::您需要挣多少收入才能支付大学毕业后想要的生活方式? 请点击“ 进入现实检查” 按钮计算开支和您需要的收入。 您正在在此过程中创建预算 。

    How much post high school education will you need to afford the lifestyle you selected? How will you pay for this education?
    ::您需要多少高中后教育来支付您选择的生活方式?您将如何支付这种教育的费用?

    Answer the self check questions below to monitor your understanding of the concepts in this section.
    ::回答下面的自我核对问题,以监测你对本节概念的理解。

    Self Check Questions
    ::自查问题

    1. How can one make financial decisions for spending and saving in order to achieve future goals?
    ::1. 如何就开支和储蓄作出财政决定,以实现未来目标?

    2. How are banks and financial institutions important to individuals and to the economy?
    ::2. 银行和金融机构对个人和经济如何重要?

    3. How should individuals evaluate risk and return in making investment decisions?
    ::3. 个人在作出投资决定时应如何评估风险和回报?

    4. What are the pros and cons of using credit?
    ::4. 使用信贷的利弊是什么?

    5. Why do people need insurance?
    ::5. 人们为什么需要保险?

    6. What is the relationship between supply, demand, education, skills, and workers' earnings?
    ::6. 供应、需求、教育、技能和工人收入之间的关系是什么?