9.5 片段虫虫
章节大纲
-
Does an earthworm have a brain ?
::蚯蚓有大脑吗?Just like you, earthworms do have a brain. Their brains are much simpler than yours, however. Earthworms’ brains allow them to sense and respond to light and touch.
::就像你一样,蚯蚓确实有一个大脑。 然而,他们的大脑比你的简单得多。 蚯蚓的大脑允许他们感知和对光和触碰作出反应。Segmented Worms
::片段虫虫When you think of worms, you probably picture earthworms. There are actually many types of worms, including , , and segmented worms. Earthworms are segmented worms.
::当你想到虫子时,你可能会想象到蚯蚓。实际上,有多种虫子,包括,和分离的虫子。蚯蚓是分离的虫子。Segmented worms are in the phylum Annelida , which has over 22,000 known . These worms are known as the segmented worms because their bodies are segmented, or separated into repeating units. Besides the earthworm, the segmented worms also include leeches and some worms. Most segmented worms like the earthworm, feed on dead organic matter. Leeches ( Figure ), however, can live in fresh and suck from their host . You may have noticed many earthworms in soil . Earthworms support both as prey and by aerating and enriching soil.
::被分割的蠕虫在有22,000多条已知的植物中。这些蠕虫被称为被分割的蠕虫,因为它们的身体被分割或分离成重复的单位。除蚯蚓之外,被分割的蠕虫还包括水蚤和一些蠕虫。大多数被分割的蠕虫,如蚯蚓,依靠死亡的有机物为食。但是,水渠(Figure)可以生活在新鲜的地方,从宿主那里吸食。你可能注意到土壤中有许多蚯蚓。地虫作为猎物,通过吸收和丰富土壤来支撑。Leeches are parasitic worms. Notice the presence of segments.
::排水沟是寄生虫,注意有片段存在Features of Segmented Worms
::分片虫的特征Segmented worms have a number of characteristic features.
::分块虫具有若干特点。-
The basic form consists of multiple segments, each of which has the same sets of
organs
and, in most, a pair of
parapodia
that many species use for
.
::基本形式由多个部分组成,每个部分都有相同的器官,大多数是许多物种使用的副作用。 -
Segmented worms have a well-developed body cavity filled with fluid. This fluid-filled cavity serves as a
hydroskeleton
, a supportive structure that helps move the worm's
. Only the most primitive worms (the flatworms) lack a body cavity.
::单线虫的体腔有完善的体腔,充斥着液体。这种液态的体腔充当了氢skeleton,一种支持性结构,帮助蠕虫移动。只有最原始的蠕虫(扁虫)才缺乏体腔。 -
Segmented worms also tend to have
organ systems
that are more developed than the roundworms' or flatworms'. Earthworms, for example, have a complete digestive tract with two openings, as well as an
esophagus
and intestines. The
consists of paired hearts and
. Actually there are five pairs of hearts that pump blood along the two main vessels. And the
consists of the brain and a ventral
nerve
cord.
::单线虫也倾向于拥有比圆虫或扁虫更发达的器官系统。 例如, 蚯蚓拥有完整的消化道, 有两个开口, 以及食道和肠子。 由配对的心组成。 事实上, 在两个主要容器上, 有五对心脏, 沿两个主要容器抽血。 并且由大脑和呼吸神经线组成 。
Comparison of Worms
::虫虫比较The following table compares the three worm phyla ( Table ).
::下表比较了三只蠕虫的phyla(表)。Phylum Common Name Body Cavity Segmented Digestive System Example Platyhelminthes Flatworm No No Incomplete Tapeworm Nematoda Roundworm Yes No Complete Heartworm Annelida Segmented worm Yes Yes Complete Earthworm Summary
::摘要-
Segmented worms include the common earthworm and leeches.
::被分割的蠕虫包括共同的蚯蚓和水蚤。 -
Segmented worms have a digestive system, nervous system, and circulatory system.
::分解虫有消化系统、神经系统和循环系统。
Explore More
::探索更多Use the resources below to answer the questions that follow.
::利用以下资源回答以下问题。Explore More I
::探索更多-
Annelids: Powerful and Capable Worms
at
(13:38)
::Annelids: 13:38时的强大和有能力的虫子(13:38)
-
What new realms did animals like
Abarenicola
open up for other animals?
::像阿巴雷尼诺拉这样的动物为其他动物开拓了哪些新领域? -
Where are the eyes of feather duster worms (
Sabellidae
) located?
::飞毛虫的眼睛在哪里? -
What effect do tube dwelling worms have on mudflat ecosystems?
::管状栖息虫对泥浆生态系统有什么影响? -
How much can a giant tube dwelling worm from a hydrothermal vent grow in a year?
::热液喷口的巨型管栖息虫一年能长到多少? -
How do earthworms help breakdown leaf litter?
::蚯蚓如何帮助粉碎叶子?
Review
::回顾-
What features distinguish Phylum Annelida from the other worms?
::什么特征能区分Phylyum Annelida与其他蠕虫? -
Describe the skeletal system of the segmented worms.
::描述断裂虫的骨骼系统。 -
Describe the circulatory system and nervous system of the earthworm.
::描述蚯蚓的循环系统和神经系统
-
The basic form consists of multiple segments, each of which has the same sets of
organs
and, in most, a pair of
parapodia
that many species use for
.
