6.4 超速和孔径
章节大纲
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Shutter speed and aperture are two of three basic elements of photography, often referred to as the exposure triangle. The third is ISO, a measure of how sensitive your camera's sensor is to light. The term ISO comes from film photography. Film has ISO ratings that indicate sensitivity to light. The lower the ISO, the less sensitivity. The higher the ISO, the greater the sensitivity. Digital cameras don't use film, but some digital cameras have ISO settings that simulate film ISO ratings. For this basic course, you're going to concentrate on shutter speed and aperture.
::关闭器速度和孔径是三个基本摄影元素中的两个, 通常称为曝光三角。 第三个是 ISO, 衡量您的相机传感器对光的敏感度。 ISO 术语来自电影摄影。 电影的ISO 评级显示对光的敏感度。 ISO 的等级越低, 敏感度就越低。 ISO 的等级越高, 敏感度就越高。 数字相机不使用胶片, 但有些数字相机有 ISO 设置, 模拟胶片 ISO 评级 。 对于这个基础课程, 您将集中关注 shutter 速度和孔径 。Shutter speed is just that – how quickly the camera’s shutter opens and then closes when shooting a photo. The longer the shutter is open, the more light it lets in, which is better for low light settings. However, longer shutter speeds can cause images to be blurry from accidentally moving the camera. Shorter shutter speeds are good for capturing things that are moving. Be careful, though. Shorter shutter speeds decrease the amount of light entering the lens and work better in bright light settings.
::闭门速度只是这样 — — 相机的百叶窗打开多快,然后在拍摄照片时关闭。 百叶窗开得越久,它就越亮,对低光设置来说越好。 然而,更远的百叶窗速度会使图像因不小心移动相机而变得模糊不清。 更短的百叶窗速度有助于捕捉正在移动的东西。 但小心。 更短的百叶窗速度会减少进入镜头的光量,在亮光设置下效果更好。Aperture is the opening in a camera lens that can be made bigger of smaller to let more or less light through the lens. Aperture is measured in f-stops.
::孔径是摄像镜头的开口,它可以变小,在镜头中让光或多或少让光线穿透。孔径用f-stops测量。How open or closed the aperture is, affects the depth of field displayed in an image. Depth of field is how focused the image is from front to back. A wide-open aperture results in a shallow depth of field. An example of shallow depth of field is an image of an insect that is in focus but the background is blurry. A closed-down aperture results in a large depth of field. An example of large depth of field is a landscape with everything from the foreground to the background in focus.
::孔径的开放或封闭如何影响图像显示的字段的深度。 字段的深度是图像从正面到背部的焦点。 宽开孔径的深度在浅浅的字段中产生结果。 浅开孔径的一个实例是焦点但背景模糊的昆虫的图像。 闭开孔径的深度在大面积的字段中产生结果。 高深度的字段是从前方到焦点背景的地貌。
EXPLORE
Learn about shutter speed at Introduction to Shutter Speed in Digital Photography from Digital Photography School:
::数位摄影学校数字摄影学的《开关速度入门》:Learn about aperture and depth of field at Understanding Your Camera: Lens Aperture Demystified from Martin Pot – Photography Blog:
::了解你的相机:从Martin Pot — 摄影博客中解密的镜头:Look at photo examples of depth of field at Meaning of Depth of Field from Second Picture:
::以照片为例,
RECORD YOUR FINDINGS
::记录你的调查结果-
When would you use a slower shutter speed?
::你几时会用慢速的百叶窗? -
When would you use a faster shutter speed?
::你什么时候能用更快的百叶窗速度? -
Describe the resulting depth of field when using a wide-open aperture.
::描述在使用宽孔径时产生的字段深度。 -
Describe the resulting depth of field when using a small aperture.
::描述使用小孔径时所得出的字段深度 。
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When would you use a slower shutter speed?