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  • 细胞呼吸

    A healthcare professional listens to a patient's back with a stethoscope.

    “Now, take a deep breath so I can listen to your lungs.” Did your doctor ever tell you that, while listening to your back or chest with a stethoscope? Breathing is often referred to as respiration. When you breathe, you take oxygen into your lungs as you inhale, and you release carbon dioxide and water vapor as you exhale. Inside all the cells of your body, a different kind of respiration takes place. This kind of respiration is called cellular respiration.  
    ::“现在,深呼吸,让我听你的肺。”你的医生有没有告诉你,在用听诊器倾听你的背部或胸部时,呼吸经常被称为呼吸?呼吸通常被称为呼吸。呼吸时,吸气时将氧吸入肺,释放二氧化碳和水蒸气,在呼吸时释放二氧化碳和水蒸气。在身体的所有细胞中,都会发生一种不同的呼吸。这种呼吸被称为细胞呼吸。

    What is Cellular Respiration?
    ::什么是细胞呼吸?

    Cellular Respiration is the process in which the cells of living things break down the organic glucose with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. The overall chemical equation for cellular respiration is:
    ::细胞呼吸是生物细胞用氧气分解有机甘蔗糖以产生二氧化碳和水的过程。

    C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + (stored in ATP)
    ::C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6O2 + 6CO2 + 6H2O+ (储存在ATP)

    Cellular respiration  takes place  in the cells of all organisms.  It occurs in autotrophs such as plants as well as heterotrophs such as animals .
    ::细胞呼吸在所有生物细胞中发生,在植物等自发性细胞中发生,在动物等血化性细胞中发生。

    Q: How is cellular respiration related to breathing?
    ::问题:细胞呼吸与呼吸有何关联?

    A: Breathing consists of inhaling and exhaling, and its purpose is to move into and out of the body. Oxygen needed for cellular respiration is brought into the body with each inhalation. Carbon dioxide and water vapor produced by cellular respiration are released from the body with each exhalation.
    ::A:呼吸由吸入和吸入组成,其目的是进出身体;每次吸入细胞呼吸所需的氧气进入身体;每次吸入时释放出细胞呼吸产生的二氧化碳和水蒸气;每次吸入时释放出身体产生的二氧化碳和水蒸气。

    Energy Changes in Cellular Respiration
    ::细胞呼吸中的能源变化

    The reactions of cellular respiration are catabolic reactions. In catabolic reactions, bonds are broken in larger molecules and energy is released. In cellular respiration, bonds are broken in glucose, and this releases the chemical energy that was stored in the glucose bonds. Some of this energy is converted to . The rest of the energy is used to form many small molecules of a compound called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP. ATP molecules contain just the right amount of stored chemical energy to power inside cells.
    ::细胞呼吸的反应是新陈代谢反应。在新陈代谢反应中,债券被破坏成较大的分子,能量被释放。在细胞呼吸中,债券被破坏成葡萄糖,这释放出储存在葡萄糖结壳中的化学能量。部分这种能量被转换为。其余能量被用来形成许多称为三磷酸乙烷(ATP)的化合物的小分子。ATP分子含有正确的储存化学能量量,可以用来在细胞内发电。

     

     

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • Cellular respiration is the process in which the cells of all living things break down glucose with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
      ::细胞呼吸是所有生物细胞 用氧气分解葡萄糖 产生二氧化碳和水的过程
    • Cellular respiration is a catabolic process that releases energy by breaking bonds in glucose. It uses the energy to form ATP, a small molecule that stores just the right amount of energy for cells to use.
      ::细胞呼吸是一种通过打破葡萄糖链而释放能量的代谢过程。它利用能量形成ATP,这是一个小分子,储存了足够数量的能量,供细胞使用。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. What is cellular respiration?
      ::什么是细胞呼吸?
    2. Represent cellular respiration with a chemical equation.
      ::用化学方程式代表细胞呼吸。
    3. Explain why cellular respiration is a catabolic reaction.
      ::解释为什么细胞呼吸是一种代谢反应。
    4. What happens to the energy that is released when bonds are broken in glucose molecules?
      ::当葡萄糖分子的债券破裂时释放出的能量会怎样呢?

    Resources
    ::资源