13.52 自动免疫疾病
章节大纲
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Joint pain. Not an uncommon problem as you grow older. Is it due to normal wear and tear on the ? Possibly. But rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease, which means the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue .
::共同疼痛 。 在你长大以后, 问题并不罕见 。 原因是否在于正常的损耗? 可能。 但风湿类关节炎是一种自发性免疫疾病,这意味着人体免疫系统错误地攻击健康组织。Autoimmune Diseases
::汽车免疫疾病Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to recognize the body’s own molecules as “self,” or belonging to the person. Instead, it attacks body as though they were dangerous . There are more than 80 known autoimmune diseases. Recall that regulatory T cells help regulate the immune system. When autoimmune disorders occur, these regulatory T cells fail in their function. This results in damage to various organs and tissues. The type of autoimmune disorder depends on the type of body tissue that is affected.
::免疫系统不承认人体自己的分子是“自我”或属于人体的时,就会出现自动免疫疾病。相反,它会攻击身体,好像是危险的一样。有80多种已知的自免疫疾病。回顾监管T细胞有助于控制免疫系统。当出现自免疫紊乱时,这些监管T细胞功能失灵。这导致各种器官和组织受损。自动免疫紊乱的类型取决于受影响的身体组织类型。Some relatively common autoimmune diseases are listed in Table . These diseases cannot be cured, although they can be treated to relieve symptoms and prevent some of the long-term damage they cause.
::表1列出了一些相对常见的自发性疾病,这些疾病无法治愈,尽管可以治好这些疾病,以缓解症状,防止其造成的一些长期损害。Name of Disease Tissues Attacked by Immune System Results of Immune System Attack Rheumatoid arthritis tissues inside joints joint damage and pain Type 1 diabetes insulin-producing cells of the pancreas inability to produce insulin , high sugar Multiple sclerosis myelin sheaths of muscle weakness, pain, fatigue Systemic lupus erythematosus joints, heart, other organs joint and organ damage and pain Why does the immune system attack body cells? In some cases, it’s because of exposure to pathogens that have antigens similar to the body’s own molecules. When this happens, the immune system not only attacks the pathogens, it also attacks body cells with the similar molecules.
::为什么免疫系统会攻击身体细胞? 在某些情况下,这是因为接触了与人体自己的分子类似的抗原的病原体。 如果发生这种情况,免疫系统不仅攻击病原体,而且还用类似的分子攻击身体细胞。Summary
::摘要-
Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to distinguish self from non-self. As a result, the immune system attacks the body’s own cells.
::免疫系统无法区分自我和无自身时,就会发生自发性疾病。 结果,免疫系统会攻击人体自己的细胞。
Review
::回顾-
What is an autoimmune disease? Name an example.
::自动免疫疾病是什么?请举一个例子。 -
Rheumatic fever is caused by a
bacteria
that has antigens similar to molecules in human heart tissues. When the immune system attacks the
bacteria
, it may also attack the heart. What type of immune system disease is rheumatic fever? Explain your answer.
::风湿热是由一种细菌引起的,细菌的抗原与人类心脏组织中的分子相似。当免疫系统攻击细菌时,它也可能攻击心脏。什么类型的免疫系统疾病是风湿热?解释你的答案。 -
Can autoimmune disease be cured?
::自动免疫疾病可以治愈吗?
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Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to distinguish self from non-self. As a result, the immune system attacks the body’s own cells.
