13.53 免疫缺陷综合症
章节大纲
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Which is stronger?
::哪个更强大?You or little tiny ? Usually you are. Normally your body can put up a strong defense against enemy pathogens. But what if it can't? What happens if your immune system is "sick"?
::通常你的身体可以强力防御敌人病原体,但如果它不能呢?如果免疫系统“病态”怎么办?Immunodeficiency
::免疫缺陷免疫缺陷病毒Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is not working properly. As a result, it cannot fight off pathogens that a normal immune system would be able to resist. Most commonly, immunodeficiency diseases occur when T or B cells (or both) do not work as well as they should, or when your body doesn't produce enough antibodies .
::免疫机能丧失当免疫机能丧失当免疫机能丧失时,免疫机能丧失当免疫机能丧失当免疫机能丧失;因此,它无法对抗正常免疫机能丧失系统能够抵抗的病原体。 最常见的是,当T或B细胞(或两者兼有)不能正常工作时,或者当身体不能产生足够的抗体时,就会发生免疫机能丧失疾病(或两者兼有 ) 。Rarely, the problem is caused by a defective gene . Inherited immunodeficiency disorders that affect B cells include hypogammaglobulinemia, which usually leads to respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, and agammaglobulinemia, which results in severe infections early in life, and is often deadly.
::这个问题很少是由有缺陷的基因造成的。 影响B型细胞的遗传性免疫缺陷障碍包括低血糖球球血,这通常导致呼吸道和胃肠感染,还有伽马球球血,导致早期严重感染,而且往往致命。More often, immunodeficiency is acquired during a person’s lifetime. Immunodeficiency may occur for a variety of reasons:
::更经常的是,在一个人一生中获得免疫机能丧失综合症。-
The immune system naturally becomes less effective as people get older. This is why older people are generally more susceptible to disease.
::免疫系统自然会随着人的年老而变得不那么有效,这就是为什么老年人一般更容易生病的原因。 -
The immune system may be damaged by other disorders, such as
obesity
or
drug abuse
.
::免疫系统可能因肥胖或药物滥用等其他疾病而受损。 -
Certain medications can suppress the immune system. This is an intended effect of
drugs
given to people with transplanted
organs
. In many cases, however, it is an unwanted side effect of drugs used to treat other diseases.
::某些药物可以抑制免疫系统,这是向移植器官者提供的药物的预期效果,但在许多情况下,是用于治疗其他疾病的药物的意外副作用。 -
Some pathogens attack and destroy
of the immune system. An example is the
known as
. It is the most common cause of immunodeficiency in the world today.
::一些病原体攻击和摧毁免疫系统,一个例子就是所谓的.这是当今世界最常见的造成免疫机能丧失的原因。
Summary
::摘要-
In an immunodeficiency disease, the immune system does not work normally. As a consequence, it cannot defend the body.
::在免疫机能丧失疾病中,免疫系统不能正常运作,因此无法为身体辩护。
Review
::回顾-
What is immunodeficiency?
::什么是免疫机能丧失症? -
List three possible reasons for acquired immunodeficiency.
::列出后天免疫机能丧失综合症的三种可能原因。
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The immune system naturally becomes less effective as people get older. This is why older people are generally more susceptible to disease.
