章节大纲

  • 常规

    全部折叠 展开全部

  • 东南亚:介绍王国(1天)

      Chapter Challenges
    ::章次 挑战

    1. Understand the geographical differences between the mainland region and the insular region.
      ::了解大陆地区和岛屿地区之间的地理差异。
    2. Summarize how the region was colonized. Learn how colonial activities influence each country’s cultural situation.
      ::总结该地区如何被殖民化。 了解殖民活动如何影响每个国家的文化状况。
    3. Realize how the physical geography has been influenced by tectonic activity.
      ::了解物理地理如何受到构造活动的影响。
    4. Outline the main ethnic and religious affiliations of Southeast Asia and explain why they are so diverse.
      ::概述东南亚的主要族裔和宗教派别,并解释为何它们如此不同。
    5. Comprehend the impact and influence of the overseas Chinese in the region.
      ::了解海外华人在该地区的影响和影响。

    Student Learning Objectives
    ::学生学习目标

      TEKS Regional Unit 10 East and Southeast Asia: Chapter 10.5 Southeast Asia-Introducing the Realm
    ::TEKS 东亚和东南亚10区域股:第10.5章

    WG.1A Analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
    ::WG.1A 分析物理和人类地理模式和过程对过去的影响,并描述其对目前的影响,包括影响移徙模式并影响当今文化群体分布的重要物理特征和环境条件。

    WG.3B Describe the physical processes that affect the environments of regions, including weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soil-building processes.
    ::WG.3B 描述影响区域环境的物理过程,包括天气、构造力、侵蚀和土壤建设过程。

    WG.3C Examine the physical processes that affect the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Examine the physical processes that affect the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.
    ::WG.3C审查影响岩石圈、大气、水圈和生物圈的物理过程,审查影响岩石圈、大气、水圈和生物圈的物理过程。

    WG.4A Explain how elevation, latitude, wind systems, ocean currents, position on a continent, and temperature, precipitation, and distribution of climate regions.
    ::WG.4A 解释高海拔、纬度、风力系统、洋流、大陆位置、温度、降水量和气候区域分布如何。

    WG.4C Explain the influence of climate on the distribution of biomes in different regions.
    ::WG.4C 解释气候对不同区域生物群落分布的影响。

    WG.8A Compare ways that humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the physical environment, including the influences of culture and technology.
    ::WG.8A 比较人类依赖、适应和改变自然环境的方式,包括文化和技术的影响。

    WG.10D Compare global trade patterns over time and examine the implications of globalization, including outsourcing and free trade zones.
    ::WG.10D 比较一段时间的全球贸易格局,审查全球化的影响,包括外包和自由贸易区。

    WG.22D Use geographic terminology correctly.
    ::22D工作组正确地使用地理术语。

    WG.22D Use standard grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and punctuation.
    ::WG.22D 使用标准语法、拼写、句子结构和标点。

    Southeast Asia: Introducing the Realm
    ::东南亚:介绍王国

    Physical Geography of Southeast Asia
    ::东南亚自然地理地理 

     

    lesson content

    Map of Southeast Asia
    ::东南亚地图

    The islands and the mainland of Southeast Asia include a wide array of physical and cultural landscapes. The entire realm is located in the tropics except the northernmost region of Myanmar, which extends north of the Tropic of Cancer. A tropical type A climate dominates the region and rainfall is generally abundant. The tropical waters of the region help moderate the climate.
    ::东南亚各岛屿和大陆包括多种多样的自然和文化景观,除了向北延伸的缅甸最北部地区外,整个大陆都位于热带地区,该区位于癌症热带以北,热带A型气候支配着该地区,降雨量普遍充沛,该地区的热带水域有助于调节气候。

    Southeast Asia is located between the Indian Ocean on the west and the Pacific Ocean on the east. Bordering the many islands and peninsulas are various seas, bays, straits, and gulfs that help create the complex maritime boundaries of the realm. The South China Sea is a major body of water that acts as a separator between the mainland and the insular region. The thousands of islands that make up the various countries or lie along their coastal waters create a matrix of passageways and unique physical geography.
    ::东南亚位于西面的印度洋和东面的太平洋之间,许多岛屿和半岛相邻的海域、海湾、海峡和海湾各不相同,有助于建立这个大陆的复杂海洋边界。南中国海是主要的水域,是大陆和岛屿区域之间的分隔区。 构成不同国家或沿其沿海水域的数千个岛屿形成了一条通道和独特的地理地理格局。

    The three longest rivers of the realm, Mekong, Red, and Irrawaddy, are located on the mainland and have their headwaters in the high elevations of Himalayan ranges of China. The Mekong River makes its way from the high Himalayas in China and helps form the political borders of Laos and Thailand on its way through Cambodia to Vietnam where it creates a giant delta near Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon).
    ::湄公河、红河和伊洛瓦底河三条最长的河流位于大陆,位于中国喜马拉雅山脉高海拔处。 湄公河从中国高喜马拉雅山脉走向中国高喜马拉雅山脉,帮助老挝和泰国在穿过柬埔寨到越南的途中形成政治边界,并在胡志明市(西贡)附近建立一个巨大的三角洲。

    The Red River flows out of China and through Hanoi to the Red River delta on the Gulf of Tonkin. The Irrawaddy River flows through the length of Burma providing for the core area of the country. Another major river of the mainland is the Chao Phraya of Thailand. With its many tributaries, the Chao Phraya creates a favorable core area that is home to the largest population of the country.
    ::红河从中国流出,经河内流到通金湾的红河三角洲,伊洛瓦底河穿过缅甸,为该国的核心地区提供了条件,大陆的另一主要河流是泰国的Chao Phraya, Chao Phraya拥有许多支流,创造了该国最大人口居住的有利核心地区。

    Many other rivers can be found on both the mainland and the insular region. The rivers transport water and sediments from the interior to the coasts, often creating large deltas with rich soils that are major agricultural areas. Multiple crops of rice and food products can be grown in the fertile river valleys and deltas. The agricultural abundance is needed to support the ever-increasing populations of the realm.
    ::河流将水和沉积物从内地运到沿海,常常形成大三角洲,土壤丰富,是主要农业地区;在肥沃的河谷和三角洲可种植多种稻米和食品作物;需要丰富的农业资源来支持不断增长的该地区人口。

    Tectonic plate activity has been responsible for the existence of the many islands and has created the mountainous terrain of the various countries. High mountain ranges can have peaks that reach elevations of over 15,000 feet. The high-elevation ranges of New Guinea, which are along the equator, actually have glaciers, ice, and snow that remain year-round.
    ::地质板块活动是许多岛屿存在的原因,并创造了不同国家的山地,高山山脉的峰值可能达到15 000英尺高。 沿赤道线的新几内亚高海拔地区实际上有冰川、冰雪和积雪。

    The island of Borneo, in the center of the insular region, is a segment of ancient rock that has been pushed upward by tectonic forces to form a mountainous land mass. The mountains on Borneo have been worn down over time by erosion. Mountains and highlands stretch across the northern border of the realm along the borders with India and China. The interior nature of this border makes it less accessible.
    ::位于岛屿地区中心的婆罗洲岛是一块古老的岩石,由构造力量推向上方,形成山地群。婆罗洲山区随着时间的推移因侵蚀而破碎。山地和高地横跨领土北部边界,与印度和中国接壤。这一边界的内地性质使它更难进入。

    Similar dynamics can be found in the interior of the islands of the insular region, where the isolation and remoteness have helped create the environmental conditions for unique flora and fauna. In the highland areas the human cultural landscape can be diverse. Time and isolation have worked together to form the traditions and cultural ways that give local groups their identity and heritage.
    ::在岛屿区域岛屿内地也可以看到类似的动态,那里的孤立和偏远有助于为独特的动植物创造环境条件,在高原地区,人类文化景观可以多样化,时间和孤立共同形成传统和文化方式,赋予当地群体其特性和遗产。

    Tectonic activity makes the region vulnerable to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The volcanic peak of Mount Pinatubo, in the Philippines, erupted in 1991, spewing ash and smoke into the atmosphere and impacting much of the planet. An earthquake of 9.0 magnitude occurred off the coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra in 2004 and caused widespread disaster throughout the wider region of the Indian Ocean. As many as one 150,000 deaths were reported, mainly from flooding. A 35-foot-high wall of water from the tsunami devastated many coastal areas from Thailand to India.
    ::菲律宾皮纳图博山火山峰于1991年爆发,火山灰和烟雾涌入大气层,影响到地球大部分地区,2004年印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛沿海发生了9.0级地震,在印度洋更广泛的区域造成大面积灾害,据报有多达150 000人死亡,主要是洪水造成的死亡,海啸造成的35英尺高的一堵水墙从泰国到印度的许多沿海地区遭受破坏。

    Impact of Colonialism
    ::殖民主义的影响

    Southeast Asia has not escaped the impact of globalization, both colonial and corporate. As Europeans expanded their colonial activities, they made their way into Southeast Asia. Southeast Asia was heavily influenced by European colonialism. The only area of the region that was not colonized by the Europeans was Thailand, which was called Siam during the colonial era. It remained an independent kingdom throughout the colonial period and was a buffer state between French and British colonizers. The Japanese colonial empire controlled much of Southeast Asia before World War II.
    ::东南亚并没有逃脱全球化的影响,无论是殖民还是企业。 随着欧洲人的殖民活动扩张,他们进入了东南亚。东南亚受到欧洲殖民主义的严重影响。该地区唯一没有被欧洲人殖民的地区是泰国,在殖民时代被称为暹罗。 在整个殖民时期,它仍然是一个独立的王国,是法国和英国殖民者之间的缓冲国家。 在第二次世界大战之前,日本殖民帝国控制着东南亚的大部分地区。

    Some of the countries and regions of Southeast Asia became known by their colonial connection. Indonesia was once referred to as the Dutch East Indies, which was influential in the labeling of the Caribbean as the West Indies. French Indochina is a term legitimized for historical references to the former French claims in Southeast Asia. Malaya and British Borneo each had its own currency based on a dollar unit that was legal tender for the regions of the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak, North Borneo, and Brunei.
    ::印度尼西亚曾被称为荷属东印度群岛,对将加勒比标为西印度群岛具有影响力,法属印度支那是历史上提及法国在东南亚的主张的一个合法术语,马来亚和英国婆罗洲各自拥有自己的货币,以美元单位为基础,对马来亚联邦、新加坡、沙捞越、北婆罗洲和文莱等地区来说,美元单位是法定货币。

    Independence from the European powers and freedom from Japanese imperialism by the end of World War II provided a new identification for the various countries of the realm. Cultural and economic ties remain between many former colonies and their European counterparts.
    ::第二次世界大战结束时,从欧洲各大国独立出来,从日本帝国主义中解放出来,为该地区各国提供了新的特征,许多前殖民地与其欧洲殖民地之间仍然保持着文化和经济联系。

    East Timor, a former Portuguese colony south of Indonesia, has been the most recent colony to gain independence. Timor is an island just north of Australia. The western portion is claimed by Indonesia. The whole island was annexed to Indonesia in 1975. As a result of separatist movements that entailed conflict and violence, the eastern portion was finally granted independence in 2002. Since then, East Timor has been working to establish itself as a country and is now negotiating its offshore boundary to include important oil and gas reserves.
    ::东帝汶是印度尼西亚以南的前葡萄牙殖民地,是争取独立的最新殖民地,东帝汶是澳大利亚以北的一个岛屿,西部分由印度尼西亚提出主张,整个岛屿于1975年被印度尼西亚吞并,由于引起冲突和暴力的分裂运动,东部分最终于2002年获得独立,自那以来,东帝汶一直努力建立为一个国家,目前正在谈判其近海边界,以包括重要的石油和天然气储备。

    Cultural Introduction
    ::文化介绍

    Southeast Asia has a population of more than 600 million people. More than half of the population lives on the many islands of Indonesia and the Philippines. The small island of Java in Indonesia is one of the most densely populated places on Earth. More than half of the more than 260 million people who live in Indonesia live on the island of Java. The island of Luzon in the Philippines is also one of the more densely populated areas of the insular region.
    ::东南亚人口超过6亿,一半以上的人口居住在印度尼西亚和菲律宾的许多岛屿上,印度尼西亚的爪哇岛是地球上人口最稠密的地区之一,印度尼西亚的2.6亿以上人口中有一半以上居住在爪哇岛,菲律宾的吕宋岛也是岛屿地区人口最稠密的地区之一。

    The Philippines has over 104 million Filipino people, Vietnam has more than 96 million, and Thailand has more than 68 million. Local areas with high food-producing capacity are also high population centers, which would include deltas, river valleys, and fertile plains.
    ::菲律宾有超过1.04亿菲律宾人,越南有超过9,600万,泰国有超过6,800万,粮食生产能力高的地方也是高人口中心,其中包括三角洲、河谷和肥沃的平原。

    The ethnic mosaic of Southeast Asia is a result of the emergence of local differences between people who have evolved into identifiable cultural or ethnic groups. Though there are a multitude of specific ethnic groups, a number of the larger ones stand out with recognizable populations. On the mainland the Burmese, Thai, Khmer, and Vietnamese are the largest groups, coinciding with the physical countries from Burma to Vietnam.
    ::东南亚的种族混杂是当地不同民族之间出现差异的结果,这些民族已经演变为可识别的文化或族裔群体,尽管存在许多特定的族裔群体,但一些较大的族裔群体与可识别的人口相对应。 在大陆上,缅甸、泰国、高棉和越南是最大的群体,与缅甸到越南的实际国家同时并存。

    A similar situation can be found in the insular region. Many distinct groups can exist on the many islands of the region. The island of New Guinea, for example, has hundreds of local groups with their own languages and traditions. The large number of ethnic groups is dominated by Indonesians, Malays, and Filipinos, coinciding with the countries of Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines.
    ::岛屿地区也存在类似情况,该地区许多岛屿上有许多不同的群体,例如,新几内亚岛有数百个具有本族语言和传统的地方群体,印度尼西亚人、马来人和菲律宾人占多数,与印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾国家并驾齐驱。

    Each of these main groups has many subgroups that hold to their own cultural heritage in the areas where they exist. The many islands of Indonesia and the Philippines create the opportunity for diversity to continue to thrive, in spite of the globalization process that increased the interaction and communication opportunities between groups.
    ::尽管全球化进程增加了各群体之间的互动和交流机会,但每个主要群体都有许多分组,在它们存在的地区保留自己的文化遗产,印度尼西亚和菲律宾的许多岛屿创造机会,使多样性继续蓬勃发展,尽管全球化进程增加了各群体之间的互动和交流机会。

    Indonesia is also home to the largest Muslim population in the world. All major religions can be found here. The Philippine population is predominantly Christian, but there is a minority Muslim community, including rebel insurgents. Most of people in Malaysia follow Islam. About 95 percent of the people in Thailand and more than 60 percent of the people in Laos are Buddhist. Hinduism is present in the Indonesian island of Bali and in various other locations in the region. Animism and local religions can be found in rural and remote areas. Southeast Asia is a mix of many ethnic groups, each with its own history, culture, and religious preference.
    ::印尼也是世界上穆斯林人口最多的国家。这里可以找到所有主要宗教。菲律宾人口以基督教为主,但有少数穆斯林社区,包括叛乱者。马来西亚大多数人信奉伊斯兰教。泰国95%的人口和老挝60%以上的人口信奉佛教。印度教存在于印度尼西亚巴厘岛和该地区其他各地。在农村和偏远地区可以找到反动主义和地方宗教。东南亚是许多族裔群体的混合体,每个民族都有自己的历史、文化和宗教偏好。

     

    Country Religions

    India

    Andaman and Nicobar Islands     		Hinduism (69%), Christianity, Islam, Sikhism and others

      Brunei     		Islam (67%), Buddhism, Christianity, others (indigenous beliefs, etc.)

      Burma     		Buddhism (89%), Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Animism, others

      Cambodia     		Buddhism (97%), Islam, Christianity, Animism, others

      Christmas Island     		Buddhism (75%), Islam, Christianity

      Cocos (Keeling) Islands     		Islam (80%), others

      East Timor     		Roman Catholicism (97%), Protestantism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism

      Indonesia     		Islam (87.18%), Protestantism, Roman Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, others

      Laos     		Buddhism (67%), Animism, Christianity, others

      Malaysia     		Islam (60.4%), Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Animism

      Philippines     		Roman Catholicism (80%), Islam (11%), Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ) (3%), Buddhism (2%), Animism (1.25%), others (0.35%)

      Singapore     		Buddhism , Christianity, Islam, Taoism, Hinduism, others

      Thailand     		Buddhism (93.83%), Islam (4.56%), Christianity (0.8%), Hinduism (0.011%), others (0.079%)

      Vietnam     		Vietnamese folk religion (45.3%), Buddhism (16.4%), Christianity (8.2%), Other (0.4%), Unaffiliated (29.6%)

    Overseas Chinese
    ::海外中国人

    Southeast Asia is also home to over 30 million overseas Chinese—ethnic Chinese who live outside of China. The Chinese exodus to the realm was the greatest during the last Chinese dynasties and during the colonial era. European colonial powers enhanced this migration pattern by leveraging the use of people with Chinese heritage in their governing over the local populations in the realm.
    ::东南亚也有3 000多万海外华裔华裔华人居住在中国境外,中国向外移民在上一个中国王朝和殖民时代是最大的,欧洲殖民强国利用拥有中国遗产的人统治该地区当地人口,加强了这种移民模式。

    Life has often been difficult for overseas Chinese. The Japanese occupation of the realm during World War II was a time of harsh discrimination against Chinese. Japanese occupation and colonialism diminished with the end of World War II. The overseas Chinese minority retained an economic advantage because of their former colonial status and their economic connections.
    ::对海外华人来说,生活往往很困难。 在二战期间,日本对王国的占领是中国人遭受严厉歧视的时期。 随着二战的结束,日本的占领和殖民主义也随之减少。 海外华人少数民族由于以前的殖民地位和经济关系而保留了经济优势。

    Chinatowns emerged in many of the major cities of Southeast Asia. The discrimination against the Chinese, fueled by religious or socioeconomic differences, often continued after World War II by the local ethnic majorities. Nevertheless, overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia have been instrumental in promoting the global business arrangements that have established the Pacific Rim as a major player in the international economy.
    ::东南亚许多主要城市都出现了中国城镇,二战后,中国人因宗教或社会经济差异而受到歧视,当地族裔多数人往往继续歧视中国人。 尽管如此,东南亚的海外中国人一直在推动全球商业安排,将环太平洋作为国际经济中的主要角色。

     

    Country Currency Population (2017) Main industries

      Brunei     		B$ Brunei dollar 443,593 Petroleum, Petrochemicals, Fishing

      Cambodia     		៛ Riel 16,204,486 Clothing, Gold, Agriculture

      East Timor     		US$ US dollar 1,291,358 Petroleum, Coffee, Electronics

      Indonesia     		Rp Rupiah 260,580,739 Coal, Petroleum, Palm oil

      Laos     		₭ Kip 7,126,706 Copper, Electronics, Tin

      Malaysia     		RM Ringgit 31,381,992 Electronics, Petroleum, Palm oil

      Myanmar     		K Kyat 55,123,814 Natural gas, Agriculture, Clothing

      Philippines     		₱ Peso 104,256,076 Electronics, Timber, Automotive

      Singapore     		S$ Singapore dollar 5,888,926 Electronics, Petroleum, Chemicals

      Thailand     		฿ Baht 68,414,135 Electronics, Automotive, Rubber

      Vietnam     		₫ Đồng 96,160,163 Electronics, Clothing, Agriculture

      Key Takeaways
    ::密钥外出

    • Southeast Asia can be studied by dividing up the realm into two geographic regions: the mainland and the insular region. The mainland borders China and India and has extensive river systems. The insular region is made up of islands and peninsulas between Asia and Australia, often with mountainous interiors.
      ::东南亚可以分为两个地理区域进行研究:大陆和岛屿区域,大陆与中国和印度接壤,并拥有广阔的河流系统,岛屿区域由亚洲和澳大利亚之间的岛屿和半岛组成,往往有山区内地。
    • France and Britain colonized the mainland region of Southeast Asia. Burma was a British colony and the rest was under French colonial rule. The Japanese took control of the region briefly before World War II ended in 1945. Siam was the only area not colonized. Siam became the country of Thailand.
      ::法国和英国殖民了东南亚大陆地区,缅甸是英国殖民地,其余则在法国殖民统治之下,日本在1945年第二次世界大战结束之前短暂控制了这一地区,暹罗是唯一没有殖民的地区,暹罗成为泰国。
    • The physical geography of the mainland and the insular region is dominated by a tropical type A climate. Cooler temperatures may be found in the mountainous regions and more even temperatures ranges can be found along the coasts. Tectonic plate activity is responsible for the many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that occur in the realm.
      ::大陆和岛屿地区的自然地理以热带A型气候为主,山区温度更低,沿海地区的气温范围更趋均衡,构造板块活动造成该地区发生许多地震和火山爆发。
    • Southeast Asia is ethnically, religiously, and linguistically diverse. A number of major ethnic groups dominate in the mainland and insular region but are only examples of the multitude of smaller groups that exist in the realm. One minority group is the overseas Chinese, who immigrated to the realm during the colonial era.
      ::东南亚在族裔、宗教和语言上各异,大陆和岛屿地区以若干主要族裔群体为主,但只是该地区存在许多较小群体的例子,一个少数群体是海外中国人,他们在殖民时代移民到本土。

    Vocabulary Terms
    ::词汇术语术语

      Chapter 10.5 Southeast Asia; Introducing the Realm
    ::第10.5章 东南亚;介绍王国

    Archipelago  
    ::群岛群岛

    A set of closely grouped islands. 
    ::一组紧密相连的岛屿。

    Indochina  
    ::印度支那

    A French colony in Southeast Asia comprised of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. 
    ::法国在东南亚的殖民地由柬埔寨、老挝和越南组成。

    Khmer Empire  
    ::高棉帝国

    A powerful empire that lasted roughly from the 9th to 15th centuries in what is now Cambodia. 
    ::一个强大的帝国 从九世纪到十五世纪 大致持续到现在的柬埔寨

    Mekong River  
    ::湄公河

    A major river that runs south from southern China through Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. 
    ::一条大河从中国南部向南 穿过老挝、柬埔寨和越南

    Siam  
    ::西亚姆

    The former name of Thailand. 
    ::泰国的前名。

    Tet  
    ::泰特

    The Vietnamese New Year and most important holiday in Vietnam. 
    ::越南新年和最重要的越南节日

    tropical climate  
    ::热带热带气候

    The region is located in the low latitudes and characterized by warm temperatures year round and abundant rainfall. Within the tropical climate region are the sub regions of tropical rainforest and savanna 
    ::该区域位于低纬度地区,其特点是全年温温温和降雨量充沛,热带气候区域是热带雨林和热带热带草原的亚区域。

    tropical rainforest  
    ::热带热带雨林

    Found in tropical areas near the equator where the climate is characterized by plentiful rainfall and warm year round temperatures. This biome is home to a great variety of plant and animal life. 
    ::在赤道附近的热带地区发现,气候的特点是降雨量充沛,年温温暖,这种生物群落是各种植物和动物生命的所在地。

    Applying Knowledge
    ::应用知识

    Discussion and Study Questions
    ::讨论和研究问题

    1. Which countries of Southeast Asia are in the mainland region? Which countries are in the insular region?
      ::大陆区域是哪些东南亚国家?岛屿区域是哪些国家?
    2. What are the four main rivers of the mainland region and how do they contribute to each region’s economic activities?
      ::大陆区域的四条主要河流是什么? 它们如何为每个区域的经济活动作出贡献?
    3. How has tectonic plate activity been evident in Southeast Asia? How has the rest of the world been influenced by tectonic activity in the realm?
      ::东南亚的构造板块活动如何明显? 世界其他地区如何受到这个领域的构造活动的影响?
    4. Which European countries have been the main colonizers and which countries did each colonize? How has the colonial experience influenced the realm?
      ::哪些欧洲国家是主要殖民者,哪些国家是每个殖民者?殖民经验对王国有何影响?
    5. Where are the main population centers? Why are these locations favorable to such large populations? Which countries are the most populous?
      ::主要人口中心在哪里?为什么这些地点有利于如此众多的人口?哪些国家人口最多?
    6. What are the main ethnic groups on the mainland and in the insular region? Why are there so many ethnic groups in this realm? How has physical geography contributed to the diversity?
      ::大陆和岛屿地区的主要族裔群体是什么?为什么这个领域有这么多的族裔群体?地理地理如何促进多样性?
    7. What are the main religious affiliations of the realm? Which countries have the largest Buddhist, Muslim, and Christian populations? How do you think this diversity of religious beliefs could create difficulties in the workplace?
      ::宗教领域的主要宗教派别是什么?哪些国家拥有最大的佛教、穆斯林和基督教人口?你认为这种宗教信仰的多样性会如何在工作场所造成困难?
    8. What is the newest country to declare independence in the realm? Which European country colonized the area? Why didn’t this country gain its independence many decades ago?
      ::哪个是该地区宣布独立的最新国家? 哪个欧洲国家将该地区殖民化了? 为什么这个国家几十年前没有获得独立?
    9. How have the overseas Chinese influenced the realm of Southeast Asia? Why have the overseas Chinese been so influential in the economic situation of the Pacific Rim?
      ::海外中国人是如何影响东南亚的? 海外中国人为什么在环太平洋经济形势中如此有影响力?
    10. What other region of the world has similar dynamics in physical geography and colonial activities to the insular region of Southeast Asia?
      ::世界上哪个其他区域在地理地理和殖民活动方面与东南亚岛屿区域具有类似的动态?

    Real-World Geography Exercise
    ::现实世界地理演习

    Go to .  Choose five of the locations below and find the current air quality index. Which areas have the best air quality? Which areas have the worst air quality? How does the air quality impact the quality of life for people in each region? Be prepared to share your answers.
    ::选择下面的五个位置, 并找到当前空气质量指数 。 哪些区域空气质量最好? 哪个区域空气质量最差? 空气质量如何影响每个区域人民的生活质量? 准备分享您的答案 。

    • Chao Phraya River
      ::Chao Phraya河
    • Gulf of Tonkin
      ::东金湾
    • Ho Chi Minh City
      ::胡志明市
    • Indochina
      ::印度支那
    • Insular Region
      ::岛屿地区
    • Irrawaddy River
      ::伊洛瓦底河
    • Mainland Region
      ::内地地区
    • Mekong River
      ::湄公河
    • Red River
      ::红河
    • Saigon
      ::西边

    Videos for Geography Enrichment
    ::地理丰富视频

     

     

     

     

     

    Helpful Websites for the Study of Geography
    ::地理研究有用网站

    is an encyclopedia funded by the Canadian government covering all branches of knowledge.  Their scholarly collection includes interactive materials.
    ::该百科全书由加拿大政府资助,涵盖所有知识分支,其学术收藏包括交互式材料。

    provides information on the people, history, government, economy, energy, geography, communications, transportation, military, and transnational issues for the world's entities.
    ::向世界各实体提供关于人民、历史、政府、经济、能源、地理、通信、运输、军事和跨国问题的资料。

    is a US government website where you can find federal legislation, past and present, as well as information about the US legal system.
    ::是一个美国政府的网站,您可以在此找到过去和现在的联邦立法以及关于美国法律制度的信息。

    is a government agency website that provides current news, resources, topics of interest, information about drugs, careers in the DEA, and a tip hotline.
    ::是一个政府机构网站,提供最新消息、资源、感兴趣的话题、毒品信息、在缉毒局的职业以及一条小费热线。

    is the largest library in the world and provides manuscripts, files, information, pictures, and videos.
    ::图书馆是世界上最大的图书馆,提供手稿、文件、信息、图片和录像。

      is a US government agency website that allows users to search for and retrieve satellite images of Earth. 
    ::这是一个美国政府机构的网站,用户可以搜索和检索地球的卫星图像。

    is a US government website that provides historical documents, photos, records, publications, and educator resources.
    ::这是一个美国政府网站,提供历史文件、照片、记录、出版物和教育资源。

    is a US government agency website that provides weather-related information and ocean research.
    ::是一个提供气象信息和海洋研究的美国政府机构网站。

      is a website by the United States Geological Survey and other federal, state, and local agencies that delivers topographic information for the United States.
    ::这是美国地质调查局和其他联邦、州和地方机构为美国提供地形信息的网站。

    is a massive central data source and a handy way to graphically compare nations.  
    ::是一个庞大的中央数据源,是用图形比较国家的一种方便方式。

    is a website that measures most locations in the world for air pollution in real time.
    ::是一个实时测量世界上大多数空气污染地点的网站。

    is a unique statistical database which allows you to research and compare a multitude of different data on US states. 
    ::这是一个独特的统计数据库, 使你能够研究和比较关于美国各州的多种不同数据。

    is an international organization founded in 1945 and made up of 193 member states. The UN maintains international peace and security, protects human rights, delivers humanitarian aid, promotes sustainable development, and upholds international law.
    ::联合国是一个国际组织,成立于1945年,由193个成员国组成。 联合国维护国际和平与安全,保护人权,提供人道主义援助,促进可持续发展,维护国际法。

     is a US government agency that provides a population clock, data, surveys, statistics, a library with information and infographics, news about the economy, and much more. 
    ::这是一个美国政府机构,它提供人口钟、数据、调查、统计、一个拥有信息和信息资料的图书馆、关于经济的新闻,以及更多。

    is a US government agency website that provides scientific information about the natural hazards that threaten lives, the natural resources we rely on, the health of our ecosystems and environment, and the impacts of climate and land-use change.
    ::这是一个美国政府机构的网站,提供科学信息,说明威胁生命的自然危害、我们赖以生存的自然资源、生态系统和环境的健康以及气候和土地使用变化的影响。

    is a US government website that provides the latest presidential news, information about the budget, policy, defense, and many more topics.
    ::提供最新总统新闻、预算、政策、国防等资讯, 以及更多议题。

    is under the United Nations and provides leadership on matters critical to health; shapes the research agenda on health; and monitors the health situation and assessing health trends around the world. Their website provides information on the state of health around the world, outbreaks, current health news, and more.
    ::他们的网站提供世界各地卫生状况、疫情爆发、最新卫生新闻等信息。

    is an intergovernmental organization that regulates international trade. The website provides information on the history of the multilateral trading system, featured videos, news and events, trade topics, and more.
    ::该网站提供关于多边贸易体系历史的信息、视频、新闻和事件、贸易专题等等。