3.8日食
章节大纲
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If science weren't around to tell you what it is, would an eclipse scare you?
::如果科学没有告诉你是什么 日蚀会吓到你吗?Ancient people could not predict eclipses and didn't know when one would end or even that it would end. Rituals to persuade the or Moon to return to its normal state were developed. And they seemed to work because the heavens always return to normal after an eclipse.
::古代人无法预测日食,也不知道何时会结束甚至会结束。 说服月亮或月亮回归正常状态的礼仪已经形成。 他们似乎在工作,因为月食过后天空总是恢复正常。Solar Eclipses
::太阳日日圆A solar eclipse occurs when the new Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun ( Figure ). This casts a shadow on the Earth and blocks Earth’s view of the Sun.
::当新月球直接在地球和太阳之间穿透时,日蚀就会发生(图 ) 。 这给地球投下了阴影,并形成了地球对太阳的看法。A solar eclipse, not to scale. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon’s shadow completely blocks the Sun ( Figure ). When only a portion of the Sun is out of view, it is called a partial solar eclipse.
::当月光的阴影完全阻挡太阳(图 ) 时,总日蚀就会发生。 当太阳只有一部分无法观察时,它就被称为部分日蚀。A solar eclipse shown as a series of photos. are rare and usually only last a few minutes because the Moon casts only a small shadow ( Figure ).
::很少见,通常只持续几分钟,因为月亮只投下一个小阴影(图)。The Moon’s shadow in a solar eclipse covers a very small area. As the Sun is covered by the Moon’s shadow, it will actually get cooler outside. Birds may begin to sing, and stars will become visible in the sky. During a solar eclipse, the corona and solar prominences can be seen.
::当太阳被月亮的阴影遮盖时,它实际上会从外面变冷。 鸟儿可能开始唱歌,星星会在天空中可见。 在日食期间,日冕和太阳的亮点可以被看到。A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun in such a way that the Sun is either partially or totally hidden from view. Some people, including some scientists, chase eclipses all over the world to learn or just observe this amazing phenomenon.
::当月球在地球和太阳之间穿透时,太阳要么部分地或完全地隐藏在视野之外时,日蚀就会发生。 一些人,包括一些科学家,在全世界追逐日蚀,学习或者只是观察这一惊人的现象。Lunar Eclipse
::月月圆A lunar eclipse occurs when the full moon moves through Earth’s shadow, which only happens when Earth is between the Moon and the Sun and all three are lined up in the same plane, called the ecliptic ( Figure ). In an eclipse, Earth’s shadow has two distinct parts: the umbra and the penumbra . The umbra is the inner, cone-shaped part of the shadow, in which all of the light has been blocked. The penumbra is the outer part of Earth’s shadow where only part of the light is blocked. In the penumbra, the light is dimmed but not totally absent.
::当满月在地球的阴影中移动时,月蚀就会发生。 只有在地球在月球和太阳之间,而所有三个人都在同一平面上排成一列,称为日光(图 ) 。 在日蚀中,地球的阴影有两个不同的部分:乳房和圆膜。 乳房是阴影的内部、锥形部分,所有光都被堵住了。 双膜是地球阴影的外部部分,只有部分光被堵住。 在月光中,光线暗淡,但并非完全没有光。A lunar eclipse. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon travels completely in Earth’s umbra. During a partial lunar eclipse, only a portion of the Moon enters Earth’s umbra. Earth’s shadow is large enough that a lunar eclipse lasts for hours and can be seen by any part of Earth with a view of the Moon at the time of the eclipse ( Figure ). A lunar eclipse does not occur every month because Moon's orbit is inclined 5-degrees to Earth's orbit, so the two bodies are not in the same plane every month.
::当月球完全在地球的乳房中行走时,就会出现月食。 在部分月食期间,月食只有一部分进入地球的乳房。 地球的阴影足够大,月食持续数小时,而且从月食时的月食看地球的任何地方都能看到月食(图 ) 。 月食不会每月发生,因为月球轨道向地球轨道倾斜5度,所以两具尸体并不是每个月都在同一架飞机上。Partial lunar eclipses occur at least twice a year, but total lunar eclipses are less common. Summary
::摘要- During a solar eclipse, the new Moon passes between Earth and Sun.
::在日食期间 新的月球在地球和太阳之间飞逝
- During a lunar eclipse, the full Moon moves through Earth's shadow.
::在月食期间 满月穿过地球的阴影
- The umbra is the part of the shadow in which light is completely blocked and the penumbra is the part of the shadow that is partially lit.
::薄膜是阴影的一部分 光被完全封住 薄膜是阴影的一部分 部分光线被照亮
Review
::回顾- What happens during a solar eclipse?
::日食时会发生什么?
- What happens during a lunar eclipse?
::月蚀时会发生什么?
- Why do we not see lunar eclipses every month?
::为什么我们不每个月都看到月蚀呢?
Explore More
::探索更多Use this resource to answer the questions that follow.
::使用此资源回答下面的问题 。- About how often does a lunar eclipse take place?
::月蚀多久发生一次?
- When does a lunar eclipse occur? When does a solar eclipse occur?
::月食何时发生?日蚀何时发生?
- Why don't eclipses happen at every new and full moon?
::为什么每逢新月满月,日蚀就不会发生?
- What circumstances must be in place for there to be a lunar eclipse?
::月蚀必须具备何种条件才能出现月蚀?
- What is the name of the central part of Earth's shadow? What happens to the Moon when it is there and why?
::地球阴影的中心部分叫什么名字?月球出现时会怎样?为什么呢?
Resources
::资源 - During a solar eclipse, the new Moon passes between Earth and Sun.
