14.5 答复----第5章:关系和职能
章节大纲
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Section 5.2 Defining Relations and Functions
::第5.2节 界定关系和职能Review
::回顾1. Function. There is exactly one output for every input.
::1. 功能. 每项投入都有精确的输出。2. Relation. There is more that one output for a single input.
::2. 关系. 单一输入有一个以上的输出。3. Function. There is exactly one output for every input.
::3. 职能. 每项投入都有精确的输出。4. Relation. There is more that one output for a single input.
::4. 关系. 单一输入有一个以上的输出。5. Relation. There is more that one output for a single input.
::5. 关系. 单一输入有一个以上的输出。6. Relation. There is more that one output for a single input.
::6. 关系. 单一输入有一个以上的输出。7. Function. There is exactly one output for every input.
::7. 职能. 每项投入都有精确的输出。8. Relation. There is more that one output for a single input.
::8. 关系. 单一输入有一个以上的输出。9. Function. There is exactly one output for every input.
::9. 职能. 每项投入完全只有一个产出。10. Function. There is exactly one output for every input.
::10. 职能. 每项投入都有一个产出。11. Relation . There is more than one output for a single input.
::11. 关系. 单一输入有一个以上的输出。Explore More
::探索更多1. The relation of a student with their algebra instructor is a function, because the student has only one instructor. The relation of an instructor with their students is a relation, since the instructor has many students.
::1. 学生与其代数教员的关系是一种职能,因为学生只有一名教员,教员与学生的关系是一种关系,因为教员有许多学生。2. The relation between a household income and a tax rate is a function, as you would receive only one tax rate based on your income. The relation between the tax rate to the household income would be a relation, as the tax rate would be applied to numerous households.
::2. 家庭收入与税率之间的关系是一种职能,因为根据收入,你只获得一种税率,税率与家庭收入之间的关系是一种关系,因为税率将适用于许多家庭。3. A function is one-to-one when for each value in the domain there is one and only one matching value in the range and vice versa. All functions do not have to be one-to-one . For example, is a function but is not one-to-one . The output 4, for instance, corresponds to 2 and -2.
::3. 当域内每个值在范围中只有一个和只有一个匹配值时,函数为一对一,而反之亦然。所有函数不一定都是一对一。例如,y=x2是一个函数,但不是一对一。例如,产出4相当于2和-2。4. A function is onto if every element in set Y has a corresponding element is set X such that . A function does not have to be onto to be considered a function. For example, graph the function . The negative values do not correspond to any values.
::4. 如果设置 Y 中的每个元素都有相应的元素被设置为 X, 则函数即为上。 F( x) =y 。 函数不需要被设定为函数即可被视为函数。 例如, 图形显示函数 f( x) 。 负 y 值与任何 x 值不匹配 。Section 5.3 The Vertical Line Test
::第5.3节 垂直线试验Review
::回顾1. Function.
::1. 职能。2. Not a function.
::2. 非职能。3. Function.
::3. 职能。4. Function.
::4. 职能。5. Not a function.
::5. 非职能。6. Not a function.
::6. 非职能。7. Function.
::7. 职能。8. Not a function.
::8. 非职能。9. Function.
::9. 职能。10. Function.
::10. 职能。Explore More
::探索更多1. The green, yellow, and blue lines look like function. The rest look like relations.
::1. 绿线、黄线和蓝线看起来像功能,其余看起来像关系。2. Yes
::2. 是3. No
::否3。Section 5.4: Finding the Domain and Range of Functions
::第5.4节:寻找职能领域和范围Review
::回顾1.
::1. x 8、6、4、5}
::y y 3,2,1,7}
::2. x 5,3,2,8}
::y y $7,8,1} y $7,8,1} y $7,8,1}
::3. 域: x=(- , )
::范围:y=[6,]4. Domain:
::4. 域: x=(- , )Range:
::范围: Y= (- , 8)5. Domain:
::5. 域: x=(- , )Range:
::范围: Y= (- , )6. Domain:
::6. 域: x=(- , )Range:
::范围:y=[-2,2]7. Domain:
::7. 域 : x(- ),-2)( 1, )Range:
::范围:y(-,)8.
::8. x(-,)9.
::9. x(- , ) (-4 )10.
::10.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx11.
::11.x__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12.
::12.x________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Explore More
::探索更多1. Domain:
::1. 域: x[10,12]Range:
::范围:y[300,360]2.
::2. S=10小时Independent variable is the number of hours worked. The domain is where the
::独立变量是工作小时数。域名是 x[20,25], 其中range would be .
::区域为y[200,250]。3. Domain:
::3. 域: x[0,20]Range:
::范围:y[150,250]4.
from x = 0 to 144 and y = 0 to 72, where x is the time it takes him to get to work, and y is the distance from his summer home to work.
::4. y=-0.5x+72xx=0至144,y=0至72,x是他上班的时间,y是他暑假回家工作的距离。Domain:
::域名: x[0,144]Range:
::范围:y[0,72]5. Domain:
::5. 域: x[2,30]Range :
::范围:y[1.24.18.6]Section 5.5: Function Notation
::第5.5节:职能说明Review
::回顾1. -1
2. 3
3. 365
4.
5. -27
6.
::6.f(5)=15
::f(0)=17.
::7. g(-3)=3
::g( 0)=08.
::8. x=129. and
::9. x=3和x=-110. cannot equal zero.
::10.f(x) 不能等于零。Explore More
::探索更多1. and and ARC = 2.
::1. f(-1)=2和f(3)=10和ARC=2。2. , so 41 years old.
::2. D(5)=41,41岁。3. . Therefore, after 4 years, the camera is worth $675. When , . Therefore, the camera is worth $525 after 7 years. The original cost of the camera was $875.
::3. V(4)=675. 因此,4年后,照相机的价值为675美元。当V(t)=575,t=6时,照相机的价值为7年后525美元。照相机的原始成本为875美元。4. . Therefore, the truck rolled 40.5 feet. If the distance is 600 feet, it will take approximately 35 seconds to reach the tree.
::4. d(9)=40.5. 因此,卡车滚动40.5英尺,如果距离为600英尺,到树上大约需要35秒。5. .
::5.f(x)=x+30,000;f(700)=30,700。Section 5.6: Finding and Defining Parts of a Graph
::第5.6节:查找和界定图表的部分Review
::回顾1. Increasing: ; no extrema
::1. 增加-_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________;无外形
2. Increasing: decreasing: ; local maximum: ; local minimum:
::2. 增加-__,-1__,-1_______,(1.5,);减少
-1,1.5);当地最高值
-1,10);当地最低值
1.5,-1.5)
3. Increasing: decreasing: global maximum: ; local maximum: ; local minimum:
::3. 增加--),(-),(-)-(-),(-)-(-)-(-)-(-)-(-)-(-)-(-)-(-)-(2,)-(2,)-();全球最高值
2,5);当地最高值
-)-(-),(-)-5);当地最低值
-)-(-)-(-),(-)-5.5)
4. Increasing: decreasing: local maximum: and ; local minimum: and
::4. 增加-0.5, 2.25) (3.5.5); 减少
-) ,-05) (2.25,3.5) (5) (5) (5); 当地最高额
2.25,4.75) 和(5,6); 当地最低额
2.25, 2.25) 和(-0.5,-7.5)
5. Increasing: ; decreasing: local maximum: ; local minimum:
::5. 增加2,2,1); 减少
-),(2,1,1,) 减少
-) 减少(-) ,(2,) (1,1, ); 地方最高
1,18); 地方最低程度
-2,0)
6. Increasing: ; decreasing: ; local maximum: ; local minimum:
::6. 增加-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(-),(1,),(-);减少
3,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(3,),(3,),(3,),(3,),(3,),(9),(3,),(3,),(3,),(3,),(3,),(3,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,),(1,)
7. Increasing: ; decreasing: ; global maximum: and ; local minimum:
::7. 增加-),(-),(6),(6),(6),(6),(6),(2),(2),(2),(2);减少
6),(2),(2),(2);全球最高值
6,0)和(2,0);当地最低值
2,8)
8. Increasing: ; decreasing: ; local maximum: ; local minimum: ; global minimum:
::8. 增加-5.5、-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Increasing: ; decreasing: ; local maximum: ; local minimum:
::9. 增加-2.75,1); 减少
--------------------------------------------------1,---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Increasing: decreasing: local maximum: and ; local minimum: and
::10. 增加-),(-),(-),(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-); ,(-) ,(-); ,(-) ,(-); ,(-) ,(-); ,(-) ,(-) ,(- ) ,(-) ; 减少
-) (-) ,(-) ) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ,(-) ) ; (-) 减少
-) ,(-) ,(-) —— (-) ,(-) ) ;(-) 当地最高
-) 和(- ) , (- ) 和(- 8); ) ; ; ; ; ; ;当地最低
- (-) ) 当地最低
- (-) (-) ) 和(1, (-) )
Explore More
::探索更多1. West: Land trends are decreasing from 1850 to about 1953, and then increase from about 1953 to about 1963. Trends then decrease from about 1963 until about 1977, when they seem to level off or are constant until 1977. The global maximum is whereas the global minimum is
::1. 西部:土地趋势从1850年下降至1953年左右,然后从1953年左右上升至1963年左右,然后从1963年左右下降至1977年前后的1977年左右,当时的趋势似乎趋于稳定或稳定,到1977年为止,全球最高为1850,160,000,000,000,而全球最低为1977,145,000,000。South: The land trends are generally decreasing from 1850 to about 1920. Trends then appear to be constant until 1953, when there is an increase until about 1963, and then a decrease until 1977. The global maximum is whereas the global minimum is
::南方:土地趋势一般从1850年下降到1920年左右,1953年以前趋势似乎保持不变,当时直到1963年左右有所增加,到1977年才有所下降,全球最高值为1850,135,000,000美元,而全球最低值为1977,85,000,000美元。North: The land trends are generally decreasing until about 1938, and then they generally increase until 1977. The global maximum is whereas the global minimum is
::北部:直到1938年左右,土地趋势普遍下降,到1977年,土地趋势普遍增加,全球最高为1850,95,000,000,而全球最低为1938,58,000,000。2. The graph shows the CO 2 levels increasing from 1750 to about 1830, and then decreasing from 1830 to 1840. The levels continue to increase until 1950, when they decrease to 1960, and then increase to 2010. The global maximum is at whereas the global minimum is at .
::2. 图显示CO2水平从1750年增加到1830年左右,然后从1830年减少到1840年,直到1950年,二氧化碳水平继续上升,直到1960年下降,然后增加到2010年,全球最高水平为2010年(2010,390),而全球最低水平为1750,280。3. For both males and females, the median income increases with years of education. The global minimum for males is and for females is . The global maximum for males is and for females is
::3. 男女收入中位数随着受教育年限的增加而增加,全球男性最低收入为615 000人,女性最低收入为610 000人,男性最高收入为2175 000人,女性最高收入为2150 000人。4.
Section 5.7: Transformations of Graphs
::第5.7节:图表的转换Review
::回顾1. Vertical translation of 3 down, reflection across the y -axis, dilation by a factor of 4.
::1. 垂直向下翻转3,反射横跨y轴,乘以4。2. Vertical translation of 5 up, horizontal translation of 2 to the right, reflection in the x -axis.
::2. 向上垂直翻译5个,向右横向翻译2个,在x轴中反射。3. Vertical translation of 1 down, horizontal translation of 3 to the left, dilation of a factor of 0.5.
::3. 垂直向下翻译1, 向左横向翻译3, 乘以0. 5。4. Horizontal translation of 4 to the left, dilation of a factor of 2, reflection about x -axis.
::4. 向左水平翻转4至4,乘以2,反射X轴。5. Vertical translation of 4 up, reflection about the y -axis, reflection about the x -axis.
::5. 向上垂直翻译4个轴,反射Y轴,反射X轴。6.
7.
8.
9.
::9. 2f(x-2)+310.
::10.f(x+2)-2-111.
::11. 4g(x)12.
::12. 3k(x-2)+313.
::13.14h(x+1)Section 5.8: Direct variation
::第5.8节:直接变异Review
::回顾1.
::1. y=5x;y=602.
::2.y=-13x;y=-43.
::3. y=23x;y=84.
::4.y=16x;y=25.
::5. y=45x; x=526.
::6. y=16x; x=127.
::7.y=-4x, x=-12 y=-4x, x=-128.
::8. y=54x; x=859. No
::9. 号10. Yes
::10. 是11. Yes
::11. 是Explore More
::探索更多1. 351.6 calories; 29.86 miles
::1. 351.6卡路里;29.86英里2. 843.75 miles
::2. 843.75英里3. $25 per hour; $1,000
::3. 每小时25美元;1 000美元4. 15 cm
::4. 15厘米5. $47.10
6. 210 volts
::6. 210伏伏Section 5.9: Inverse Variation
::第5.9节:反反动Review
::回顾1.
::1. y=12x;y=452.
::2. y=2x;y=2153.
::3. y=6x;y=254.
::4. y=54x;y=1125.
::5. y=4x; x=26.
::6. y=6x; x=37.
::7. y=365x; x=1858.
::8. y=3x; x=329. Yes
::9. 是10. No
::第10号。11. Yes
::11. 是Explore More
::探索更多1. 2 pieces each if 12 kids attend; 3 pieces each if 8 kids attend;
::1. 如果有12名儿童参加,每人两块;如果有8名儿童参加,每人三块;y=24x。2. With Tommy, it will take 6 hours. It would take 9 friends to complete the job in 4 hours.
::2. 与汤米合作,需要6小时,9个朋友在4小时内完成工作。3. 171.3 pounds
::3. 171.3磅4.1.3 ft 3
::4.1.3英尺35. 345 bar
::5. 345巴Section 5.10: Joint and Combined Variation
::第5.10节:合并和合并变动Review
::回顾1.
::1. w=kxy2.
::2. r=kq23.
::3. z=kxyw4.
::4. a=kbcd5.
::5. l=kmp6. ;
::6. z=2xy3;z=87.
::7.z=-2xy;z=78.
::8. z=-2xy3;y=49.
::9. z=xy4; x=-310.
::10. z=-y6x; x=-211.
::11 z= 2yx; x=-4Explore More
::探索更多1. ; 180 cars
::1.k=2;180辆汽车2. 1.25 hours
::2. k=15;1.25小时3. ; 2,940 Joules
::3. W=9.8米;2 940焦耳4. 0.2 watts per square meter
::4. I=20.25d2;每平方米0.2瓦5. 3.14
Section 5.11: Connections: Modeling the Grand Staircase Over Time
::第5.11节:连接:随着时间推移制作大楼梯建模1. This is a function, because time for each layer to be formed is unique to each layer.
::1. 这是一个函数,因为每一层形成的时间是每一层独有的。2. Domain:
::2. 域: x[50,60] [125,135] [145,155] [165,200] [200,225]3. Range:
::3. 范围:yPink、Grey、White、Vermilion、Chocolate}4. Vermilion Cliffs
::4. 千米悬崖5. White Cliffs
::5. 白裂缝6. Chocolate Cliffs
::6. 巧克力悬崖7. Answers will vary.
::7. 答复将各有不同。Section 5.12: Connections: What Are We Reading?
::第5.12节:连接:我们读什么?1. 0.000020%
2. 0.000035%
3. 0.000075%
4. Frankenstein and Jane Eyre around the year 2005. Sherlock Holmes in around the year 1985.
::4. 2005年前后,弗兰肯斯坦和简爱大约在2005年左右,1985年前后,夏洛克·福尔摩斯大约在1985年左右。5. Frankenstein: local maximum: local minimum:
::5. 弗兰肯斯坦:当地最高值2005,000,000,700);当地最低值:1,800,000)
Jane Eyre: local maximum: local minimum:
::Jane Eyre:当地最高值2005,000048);当地最低值:1800,000)
Sherlock Holmes: local maximum: local minimum:
::夏洛克·福尔摩斯:当地最高限1985,000075);当地最低限:1800,000)
6. Frankenstein: The percentage of references to Frankenstein generally increased from 1800 to 2010, with the biggest increase between 1960 and 2010.
::6. 科学怪人:提到科学怪人的百分比一般从1800增加到2010年,在1960年至2010年期间增幅最大。Jane Eyre: References to Jane Eyre were constant from 1800 to 1840. They then increased to 1860, then generally decreased until 1880. From here, in 20-year increments, the percentage of references increased, then decreased, and increased again until 1960, when references increased gradually until 2010.
::Jane Eyre: Jane Eyre 的引用从1800年一直维持到1840年,然后增加到1860年,然后普遍下降到1880年。 从这里开始,在20年的递增中,引用的百分比上升,然后下降,然后再次上升到1960年,到2010年,参考比例逐步上升到2010年。Sherlock Holmes: References to Sherlock Holmes were constant until 1880, when they gradually increased until 1915, and became constant again until 1920. The percentage of those referencing Sherlock Holmes increased from 1920 to1940, then decreased from 1940 to 1960, and then increased gradually until 1990. The percentage of those referencing Sherlock Holmes then became constant until 2010.
::夏洛克·福尔摩斯:夏洛克·福尔摩斯的提法一直保持不变,直到1880年,当时夏洛克·福尔摩斯的提法一直保持不变,直到1915年才逐渐增加,直到1915年才恢复到1920年。 引用夏洛克·福尔摩斯的提法比例从1920年上升到1940年,随后从1940年下降到1960年,然后逐渐上升到1990年。 引用夏洛克·福尔摩斯的提法一直维持到2010年。7. Freud: From 1980 to 1990, the percentage of times people referred to Freud's work increased and then decreased from this point.
::7. 弗洛伊德:从1980年至1990年,人们提到弗洛伊德工作的百分比增加,然后从此下降。Psychology: Since 1980, the percentage of people who referenced psychology generally decreased.
::心理学:自1980年以来,引用心理学的人的百分比普遍下降。8. Football: From 1900 to 1940, the percentage of references to football were increasing. From 1940 to 1950, the percentage of those referencing football remained constant. From 1950 to 1970, the percentage of those referencing football decreased, and then increased from here until 2010.
::8. 足球:从1900年到1940年,提到足球的百分比在增加,从1940年到1950年,提到足球的百分比保持不变,从1950年到1970年,提到足球的百分比下降,然后从这里到2010年有所增加。Baseball: From 1900 to 1950, the percentage of references to baseball were generally increasing. From 1950 to 1970, the percentage of those referencing baseball decreased, and then generally increased from here until 2010.
::棒球:从1900年到1950年,提到棒球的百分比普遍增加,从1950年到1970年,提到棒球的百分比下降,然后从这里到2010年普遍增加。Basketball: From 1900 to 1950, the percentage of references to basketball were generally increasing. From 1950 to 1970, the percentage of those referencing basketball decreased, and then the percentage increased from here until 2010.
::篮球:从1900年到1950年,提到篮球的百分比普遍上升,从1950年到1970年,提到篮球的百分比下降,然后从这里到2010年,百分比上升。Hockey: From 1900 to 1940, the percentage of references to hockey gradually increased. From 1940 to 1960, the percentage of those referencing hockey remained relatively constant, and then the percentage increased from here until 2010.
::曲棍球:从1900年到1940年,提及曲棍球的百分比逐渐增加,从1940年到1960年,提及曲棍球者的百分比保持相对稳定,然后从这里到2010年,百分比上升。