1.0描述性文章
章节大纲
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Learning Objectives
::学习目标-
Understand and utilize the descriptive language associated with the five senses.
::理解并使用与五感相关的描述性语言。 -
Conceptualize the difference between showing the reader and telling the reader.
::构思显示读者和告诉读者之间的区别。 -
Identify the different types of descriptive essays: person, place, object, and event.
::确定不同类型的描述性文章:个人、地点、目标和活动。 -
Describe a person, a place, an object, or an event adequately and concisely.
::以适当和简明的方式描述一个人、一个地方、一个物体或一个事件。 -
Master the organizational schemes associated with descriptive essays.
::掌握与说明性论文有关的组织计划。 -
Indicate in writing the significance of a person, place, object, and event.
::以书面形式指出一个人、地点、物体和事件的重要性。
Introduction
::导言 导言 导言 导言 导言 导言 导言 导言A descriptive essay provides a vibrant experience for the reader through vivid language and descriptions of something. Unlike narrative essays, which must include personal thoughts, feelings, and growth, descriptive essays do not need to be personal in nature. Instead, descriptive essays must focus on vividly and objectively describing something to the reader. In order to provide this vivid detail and language, the writer must use language that appeals to the reader’s five senses: sight, smell, sound, taste, and touch. To appeal to these senses, the writer must use descriptive language, usually in the form of adjectives, that describes the sensations felt by the senses. For instance, examine the differences between the descriptions below:
::描述性文章通过生动的语言和对事物的描述,为读者提供了一个充满活力的经历。 描述性文章必须包含个人思想、感情和成长,与此不同的是,描述性文章不必是个人性的。 相反,描述性文章必须注重生动和客观地向读者描述某些东西。 为了提供这种生动的细节和语言,作者必须使用吸引读者五个感官的语言:视觉、嗅觉、声音、品味和触摸。 要吸引这些感官,作者必须使用描述性语言,通常以形容性文字的形式描述感知感知感知。 例如,研究以下描述的区别:Sentence 1 : The tree was tall and green.
::句子1:这棵树高高绿色。Sentence 2 : The soft and damp pink-flowers of the Dogwood tree smelled sweetly in the cool spring air as the wind whistled through its yellow-green leaves.
::第2句: Dogwood树的柔软潮湿的粉红花朵在寒冷的春天空气中闻到甜甜的香味,风吹过黄绿色的叶子。How do these descriptions compare? If these two sentences both describe the same tree, which sentence provides a better picture for the reader? Why?
::这些描述如何比较?如果这两个句子都描述同一棵树,哪个句子为读者提供了更好的图片?为什么?While the first description does provide some detail (that the tree is both “tall” and “green”) it does not help the reader picture the tree. Saying that the tree is “tall” and “green” does not help separate the tree being described from any other tree. The second sentence, however, provides the reader with descriptive information that makes the tree unique. Unlike the writer of the first sentence who only vaguely described how the tree looked, the writer of the second sentence appeals to at least four of the reader’s five senses. This writer describes how the tree feels (“soft” and “damp”), how the tree smells (sweet), how the tree sounds (it whistles), and how the tree looks (pink and yellow-green). Through these descriptions the reader can see, hear, feel, and smell the tree while reading the sentence. Additionally, as with this case, in some instances not all of the senses will be applicable for the description. In this case, most descriptions of trees would not include a sense of how the tree tasted, especially when so many trees are inedible or poisonous!
::虽然第一个描述确实提供了一些细节(树是“毛”和“绿 ” ) , 但并不能帮助读者描绘这棵树。 说这棵树是“毛”和“绿”并不能帮助区分描述的树和其他任何树。 但是,第二句向读者提供了描述性信息,使树具有独特性。 与第一句的作者仅仅含糊地描述了树的外观不同,第二句的作者至少呼吁了读者的五个感官中的四个。 这位作者描述了树的感受(“软”和“树顶 ”) 、 树的味道(甜) 、 树的声音(亮口哨) 、 树的外观(粉和黄绿 ) 。 通过这些描述,读者在阅读这句话时可以看到、听到、感受和嗅闻树的味道。 此外,就本案而言,并非所有感官都适用于描述。 在本案中, 多数树木描述不会包含对树的品味感知, 特别是当许多树是不可理解或有毒的时候。Below is a table of words associated with each of the five senses. See Hear Smell Taste Feel Colors (green, blue, red)
::颜色(绿色、蓝色、红色)Contrast (light vs. dark)
::对比度( 亮对暗)Depth (near vs. far)
::深度( 距离远近)Texture (rough, pebbly, smooth)
::纹理( 粗、 粗、 光滑)Shape (round, square, triangular)
::形状( 圆形、 方形、 三角形)Dimensions (height, width, length)
::尺寸(高度、宽度、长度)Loud\Soft
::音量/ 音调Grating
::格盘Metallic
::金属Atonal
::阿托纳尔Melodic
::Melodic 中米dicNameEuphonious
::光荣Discordant
::不一致Screeching
::密密秘Gravelly
::坟墓Harmonious
::和谐Sweet
::#甜Pungent
::切出时点Acrid
::可怕Delicious
::美味Disgusting
::恶心Appetizing
::开胃Fresh
::新鲜Stale
::粘贴Fruity
::果果Tantalizing
::诱租Delicious
::美味Sour
::酸酸Sweet
::#甜Savory
::原体Salty
::盐土Spoiled
::被破坏Bitter
::痛苦Earthy
::地球环地Spicy
::辣 辣Bland
::布兰Soft\Hard
::Soft\ Hard 软形Creamy
::奶油Rubbery
::橡胶Firm
::公司Cool/Hot
::冷酷/热热Unctuous
::不严谨Porous/Smooth
::彩虹/烟雾Knobby
::科诺比语NameSticky
::粘性Dry/Moist
::干/湿Providing good details in a descriptive essay also rests on the idea that a writer must show and not tell the reader. While good details in an essays are important, the most essential part of a descriptive essay is the reason for writing the essay. Since descriptive essays should explain to the reader the importance of what is being described, in addition to helping the reader picture it, the author must show the reader how and why something is significant rather than simply telling the reader. A good writer must help the reader picture what he or she is describing; however, a better writer shows the reader the purpose or reason for describing something. Consider the differences between the two sentences below:
::在一份描述性文章中提供详细细节,还基于作者必须展示而不是告诉读者的理念。尽管在一篇论文中提供详细细节很重要,但描述性文章最重要的部分是撰写论文的原因。由于描述性文章应该向读者解释所描述的内容的重要性,除了帮助读者了解内容外,作者还必须向读者说明某件重要的事情是如何和为什么的,而不是仅仅告诉读者。好的作家必须帮助读者了解他或她正在描述的内容;但是,更好的作家应该向读者说明描述某些内容的目的或理由。想想下面两句话的不同之处:Example 1 : Ever since grade school, I have always been nervous during tests.
::例1:自小学以来,我总是在测试时紧张。Example 2 : Staring blankly at my exam, I tapped my pencil rapidly on the side of my desk and desperately tried to focus. Mustering up some courage, I wrote an answer to the second question, and just as quickly, I erased the answer frantically, not wanting to leave a trace of it on the blank, white paper. As the teacher announced that time was almost up, I remembered the taunt of my evil grade-school teacher, “You’ll never pass this test. Just give up already.” The memory of her words paralyzed my mind. Even more panic stricken than before, I stared wildly at my blank test, trying to remember what the teacher had said in class last week or what I had read in the textbook with no success.
::实例2:在考试时,我一目了然地将铅笔快速地放在我桌子的侧面,并急切地试图集中注意力。我鼓起勇气,写了第二个问题的答案,我写了这么快的回答,我疯狂地删除了答案,不想在空白的白皮书上留下一个痕迹。 当老师宣布时间即将到来的时候,我想起了我的邪恶的小学教师的嘲弄,“你永远不会通过这个测试。 放弃吧 ” 。 她的话的记忆已经使我精神瘫痪了。 甚至比以前更加惊慌的惊慌失措,我疯狂地盯着我的空白测试,试图记住老师上周在课堂上说的话或者我在教科书中读到的东西没有成功。While the first example does not explain how the narrator is nervous, it also fails to show why this nervousness is important. Ultimately, the first example tells and does not show the reader how the narrator is nervous or why this reaction is important. Meanwhile, the second example not only shows how the narrator expresses this nervousness (tapping the pencil on the desk, erasing answers, etc.), it begins to show why this is significant by relating it to earlier experiences in the narrator’s life. Through this connection, the writer is beginning to develop the description and the importance of the test-taking nervousness. Developing the second example into a full essay, the writer would go on to describe the experiences from grade school that led to this current bout of test-taking anxiety.
::虽然第一个例子没有解释旁听者是如何紧张的,但它也未能说明为什么这种紧张是重要的。 最终,第一个例子说明并且没有向读者说明旁听者是如何紧张的,或者为什么这种反应是重要的。 与此同时,第二个例子不仅显示旁听者是如何表达这种紧张的(把铅笔放在桌上,删除答案等等 ) , 它开始表明为什么这一点很重要,因为它与旁听者早期生活中的经历有关。 通过这个联系,作者开始发展测试紧张的描述和重要性。 将第二个例子发展成一篇完整的论文,作者会继续描述导致目前试探焦虑的小学经历。By showing and not telling the reader and by using descriptive language that appeals to the five senses, descriptive essays provide the reader with a detailed account and the significance of something. Thus, this something being described is the most important aspect of the descriptive essay. Generally, descriptive essays describe one of four some-things: a person, a place, an object, or an event.
::通过展示而不是告诉读者,以及通过使用能吸引五种感官的描述性语言,描述性文章为读者提供了详细的描述和某件事的意义。因此,描述性文章中描述的事物是描述性文章最重要的方面。 一般来说,描述性文章描述了四种东西中的一个:一个人、一个地方、一个物体或一个事件。Person
Like any other descriptive essay, the most important aspect of a person essay is the reason for writing it. Have you ever read a book or article for school wondering what the point is? Perhaps, even feeling disinterested because of what you felt was a lack of point or reason for reading or even writing the book, poem, article, etc.? Essentially, the same can be true for your own essays if you do not write with a purpose. In choosing the person you want to write about, you have a reason for the choice you have made. It is your job as the writer to show the reader your point. Why have you chosen this person instead of another? What makes them interesting? You must draw your readers into your essays just as every other author draws their readers into their work, even if your only audience is your teacher. Remember, teachers do not like reading pointless essays any more than you do!
::与任何其他描述性文章一样, 个人作文最重要的方面是写作的原因。 你是否曾读过一本书或文章供学校问到什么? 也许,甚至因为你感到缺乏读或写书、诗歌、文章等的理由而感到不感兴趣? 基本上,如果你没有专心写作的话,你自己的作文也可以如此。选择你想写的人,你有理由做出选择。你作为作家的工作是向读者展示你的观点。为什么你选择这个人,而不是其他人?是什么使他们感兴趣?你必须把读者引进你的文章中去,就像其他所有作者把读者引进他们的工作中一样,即使你唯一的听众是你的老师。记住,老师不喜欢阅读毫无意义的作文,比你们更喜欢阅读。Thus, whenever writing a descriptive essay about a person, you must ask yourself: Why did I choose this person? What makes this person special? Is it a memory? Which of this person’s characteristics has inspired me to write about him or her? In answering these questions, you not only find the reason or purpose for writing your essay, but you also inadvertently discover how to format your essay as well. Generally, essays can be formatted in a number of different ways. The formatting of an essay rests almost entirely on what you are trying to do or to say within your paper. For instance, let us consider the answer to some of the questions provided above.
::因此,每当写一篇关于一个人的描述性文章时,你必须问自己:为什么我选择这个人?为什么我选择这个人?是什么使这个人变得特别?这是记忆吗?这个人的哪个特征激励我写他(她)?在回答这些问题时,你不仅找到了写作的原因或目的,而且还无意中发现了如何编排你的论文。一般而言,论文可以用多种不同的方式编排格式。作文的格式几乎完全取决于你试图做什么或者在你的报纸上说些什么。例如,让我们考虑上面提出的一些问题的答案。Imagine that you have decided to write your descriptive essay about your aunt because you spent your summers with her when you were younger. Let’s say that during one of your visits to her house, she taught you how to swim in the lake behind her house, and this is one of the fondest memories from your childhood. In this case, your descriptive essay would be a chronological account of this experience. You would organize your essay around the experience by having an introduction and conclusion that indicate the topic and purpose of your essay while detailing the event in the body of the essay. For instance, in a descriptive essay about your aunt, the introduction and conclusion would indicated that this memory was the highlight of your childhood while the body paragraphs would describe the event in chronological order. Since this is a descriptive essay about a person and not an event, you must be sure to center your discussion of the event on the person involved, the person who made the event special.
::想象一下,你决定写关于你姨妈的描述性文章,因为你年轻时曾与姨妈度过暑假。比如说,在一次访问她家时,她教了你如何在她家后面的湖里游泳,这是你童年最美好的回忆之一。在这种情况下,你的描述性文章将按时间顺序描述这一经历。你将通过介绍和结论将你的论文围绕经验组织起来,通过介绍和结论来说明你的论文的主题和目的,同时在文章的正文中详细描述这一事件。例如,在一篇关于你姨妈的描述性文章中,介绍和结论将表明这段记忆是您童年的亮点,而身体段落则按时间顺序描述这个事件。由于这是一篇关于一个人的描述性文章,而不是一个事件,所以你必须确保您关于这个事件的讨论以所涉的人为中心,即使事件变得特别的人。However, you could also write a descriptive essay about your aunt that details some of your favorite characteristics about her. Perhaps you want your essay to describe a few reasons why your aunt is your favorite relative. In this essay, you would focus on the several characteristics that show why your aunt is so special. To do so, you may choose to explain briefly an event that supports one characteristic. For instance, if you want show that your aunt is spontaneous and that this is one of your favorite things about her, you may choose to describe a day when she woke you up early to take you on an unplanned, spur-of-the-moment trip to the beach. Through describing this event in one of your body paragraphs, you help support your claim that your aunt is spontaneous.
::但是,您也可以写一篇关于您姨妈的描述性文章,详细介绍您最喜爱的关于她的特征。也许您希望您的论文描述一下为什么您姨妈是您最喜爱的亲戚。在本论文中,您将侧重于表明您姨妈为何如此特别的几个特征。为此,您可以选择简短地解释一个支持一个特征的事件。例如,如果您想展示您的姨妈是自发的,而且这是您最喜欢的关于她的事物之一,您可以选择描述一个日子,当她提前唤醒您,带您去海滩进行一场无计划、短暂的行程旅行时。通过在您身体的一个段落中描述这一事件,您可以帮助支持您关于您的姨妈是自发性的主张。Consider the chart below and how each essay would be organized. Organization Type Characteristics Event Criteria -
Spontaneous
::自自 -
Fun Loving
::爱恋之情 -
Easy Going
::容易持续
The summer your aunt taught you to swim is one of your fondest childhood memories. Explanation You would organize your paper around the main reasons why your aunt is your favorite relative with each of these characteristics serving as a body paragraph. You would organize your paper around this event and how it has made your aunt more important to you. Review Questions
::回顾问题-
Write a person descriptive essay about a person in your family following one of the organizational schemes listed above.
::根据上述组织计划之一,写一篇关于你家里一个人的描述性文章。 -
Write a person descriptive essay about an important person in history using the event organization. Instead of indicating how the person is important to you, indicate how the person is important or significant within history.
::使用活动组织,写个人关于历史重要人物的描述性文章,不说明个人对你们的重要性,而说明个人在历史中的重要性或重要性。
Place
Much like a person descriptive essay, the most important aspect of a descriptive essay about a place is your reason for writing it. Consider all of the places you have been to in your life -- not only the places you have visited on vacation but also those that you visit in everyday life. Every day, or at least during the school week, how many different places do you go to? Most likely, you would start your day at home before leaving for school. Do you stop to get breakfast or coffee along the way or do you stop and pick up a friend? While you would spend the majority of your day at school, do you leave campus to get lunch? How about after school, do you go straight home or do you go to a friend’s house or to a local hang out? Considering all the places you visit in one day, which would you pick to write about and why? These are the most important questions to answer when writing your place descriptive essay, and answering them will help you decide the organization of your paper.
::类似个人描述性文章,关于某个地方的描述性文章最重要的方面就是你写作的理由。想想你一生中去过的所有地方-- 不仅是假期中去过的地方,还有日常生活中去过的地方。 每天,至少是每周,你去过多少个不同的地方? 最有可能的是,你离开学校前会在家里开始上班。你是否在路上停止吃早餐或喝咖啡,还是停下来接朋友?当你在学校度过一天的大部分时间时,你是否离开校园去吃午餐?放学后,你直接回家,还是去朋友家或当地游荡?考虑到你一天里去的所有地方,你会选择写什么,为什么?这些是写作的地方最重要的问题,在写你的地方写描述性论文时要回答的问题,并且回答这些问题将有助于你决定你的论文组织。The organization of a descriptive essay about a place is much like the organization of a descriptive essay about a person. Thus, there are two main organizational schemes that you can choose from when composing a descriptive essay about a place: one that focuses on certain characteristics of the place or one that focuses on a specific event (or set of events) related to a place. For instance, for the first type of organization, you would focus on the reasons, or characteristics, that indicate why you enjoy, or dislike, a place. For the second type, you would focus on the events that explain why this place is important to you. For example, if you were writing a descriptive place essay about Disneyland, these are the two ways in which you could organize your paper.
::组织关于某个地方的描述性文章与组织关于一个人的描述性文章非常相似。 因此,在撰写关于某个地方的描述性文章时,你可以选择两个主要的组织计划:一个侧重于某个地方的某些特点,或者一个侧重于与某个地方有关的特定事件(或一系列事件)的描述性文章。例如,对于第一类组织,你将侧重于原因或特征,表明为什么你喜欢或不喜欢某个地方。对于第二类,你将侧重于解释为什么这个地方对你很重要的事件。例如,如果你撰写关于迪士尼乐园的描述性文章,这就是你组织论文的两种方式。Below is a table detailing the two types of organizational schemes. Organization Type Characteristics Event Criteria -
Rides
::骑曲 -
Food
::食品食品食品 -
Atmosphere
::大气层
The last family vacation before your older sibling went to college and moved out of the house Explanation You would organize your paper around the main reasons why you enjoy Disneyland with each of these characteristics serving as a body paragraph. You would organize your paper around this event and how it has made Disneyland more important to you. While it may not matter which type or organization you choose, you must always make the place the focus of your paper. Thus, be sure the events are characteristics you describe in the essay do not outshine the importance of the place they are describing. For instance, following the example above, when discussing the rides at Disneyland, do not focus too much on rides at other theme parks. While comparing the rides at Disneyland to rides at other theme park rides does stress how much better they are, do not let the rides at other amusement parks overshadow the rides at Disneyland. Additionally, remember to stress why the place being described is important to you regardless of the organizational scheme you choose.
::虽然您选择了哪种类型或组织可能无关紧要, 您必须总是将您选择的纸张焦点位置。 因此, 请确定您在文章中描述的事件是特点, 您在文章中描述的特征并不比他们所描述的位置重要。 例如, 上面的例子, 在讨论迪斯尼乐园的骑车时, 不要过于关注其他主题公园的骑车。 在比较迪斯尼乐园的骑车和其他主题公园骑车的骑车时, 强调了它们有多好, 不要让其他娱乐公园的骑车让迪斯尼乐园的骑车者蒙上阴影。 此外, 记住要强调为什么所描述的地方对您很重要, 无论您选择何种组织方案 。Review Questions
::审 查 问 问 问 问 题-
Write a descriptive essay about your home town. Describe the town and indicate why it is important either to you or to society as a whole.
::写一篇关于你家乡的描述性文章 描述一下这个小镇 说明为什么这对你或整个社会都很重要 -
Write a descriptive essay about one of the original towns settled in New England by the early colonists (i.e. Massachusetts Bay Colony). Describe the location and environment of the town, paying close attention to how the location of the colony was integral to the colonists’ survival.
::写一篇关于早期殖民者(即马萨诸塞湾殖民地)在新英格兰定居的最初城镇之一的描述性文章。 描述该城镇的位置和环境,密切关注该殖民地的位置如何是殖民者生存的有机组成部分。
Object
By now, you may have noticed a pattern when it comes to organizing a descriptive essay. As you remember, you organize a descriptive essay about a person or place based either upon the characteristics associated with the person/place or an event associated with the person/place, and an object descriptive essay is no exception to this organizational scheme. When writing a descriptive essay about an object, you must first decide why you have chosen this specific object to write about. In answering this question, you will know how to organize your paper. If you decide that an object is important to you because of the characteristics the object possesses, then you would organize the body of your paper around these characteristics or reason. However, if an object is important to you because it was part of a significant event in your life, then you would produce body paragraphs that explain the event in chronological order.
::现在,您可能已经注意到组织描述性文章的模式。 正如您记忆中的那样, 您组织关于一个人或某个地方的描述性文章, 依据与人/ 地点或与人/ 地点相关的事件相关的特征, 而对象描述性文章也不例外于此组织计划。 当撰写关于一个对象的描述性文章时, 您必须首先决定为什么您选择了要写的东西。 在回答这个问题时, 您将知道如何组织您的纸张。 如果您决定一个对象对您很重要, 因为对象拥有的特性, 那么您将围绕这些特征或原因组织您的纸体。 但是, 如果一个对象对于您很重要, 因为它是您生命中重要事件的一部分, 那么您将生成正文段落, 按时间顺序解释事件 。For instance, image you wanted to write a descriptive essay about a tree at a local park. Consider the two ways of organizing this essay described in the table below.
::例如,您想要写一篇关于当地公园一棵树的描述性论文。 想想下表描述的组织这篇论文的两种方式。Organization Type Characteristics Event Criteria -
Good for climbing
::对攀爬有好处 -
Tire swing
::轮胎摆动 -
Displays the change in seasons
::显示季节的变化
You received your first kiss from your first crush under this tree Explanation You would organize your paper around the main reasons why this is your favorite tree with each of these characteristics serving as a body paragraph. You would organize your paper around this event and how it has made this tree more important to you. Although the organizational scheme you choose rests solely on the content you intend to include, the object must be the focus of either paper. Make sure the characteristics of an object or the retelling of an event does not overshadow the impact of the object being described. For example, when describing the event of your first kiss, you would need to make sure that you did not spend too much of your paper focusing on your first crush. Additionally, when writing about an event connected to the object, be sure to connect the event to the significance of the object so that the event itself does not outshine the object being described. In focusing on not only the organization of the essay but also the significance of the object, the object descriptive essay that you compose will stress both the description and importance of the object being described.
::尽管您选择的组织方案仅依赖于您打算包含的内容, 但对象必须是任何一张纸的焦点。 确保一个对象的特性或事件重现不会掩盖所描述对象的影响。 例如, 在描述您第一次吻的事件时, 您需要确保您没有花费太多的纸张来聚焦于您第一次的碰撞。 此外, 在撰写与对象相关的事件时, 请务必将事件与对象的意义联系起来, 以使事件本身不超出所描述的对象。 不仅关注文章的组织, 也关注对象的意义, 您撰写的对象描述性文章将会强调描述对象的描述和重要性 。Review Questions
::回顾问题-
Write a descriptive essay about a gift you received on your birthday. Remember you can arrange your essay according to the characteristics of the object or by detailing the event at which you received it.
::写一篇描述性文章, 介绍您生日时收到的礼物。 记住, 您可以根据对象的特性或者通过详细描述您收到礼物的事件来安排您的文章 。 -
Write a descriptive essay about one of the state birds. Be sure to indicate why the bird is important to the state it represents.
::写一篇关于其中一只国家鸟类的描述性文章。 请务必说明为什么鸟类对于它所代表的国家很重要。
Event
Although the three previous types of descriptive essays follow the same two organizational schemes, event descriptive essays differ slightly in the way in which they are organized. While other descriptive essays either describe the person, place, or object in question or detail the event connected to it, event descriptive essays chronologically describe an event from the past or from the future. Thus, descriptive essays that focus on an event can either detail a memory that is significant or your hopes about an upcoming event. For instance, your event descriptive essay about a past event would describe a memory that is in some way important to you, be it positively or negatively; however, your event descriptive essay about a future event would describe something to occur in the future that you are hopeful of or that you dread.
::虽然前三类描述性论文遵循同样的两种组织计划,但事件描述性论文在组织方式上略有不同。其他描述性论文要么描述个人、地点或对象,要么详细描述与之相关的事件,按时间顺序描述过去或将来的事件。因此,侧重于某一事件的描述性论文既可以详细描述一个意义重大的记忆,也可以详细描述你对即将到来事件的希望。例如,关于过去事件的描述性论文将描述一个对你们来说具有一定重要性的记忆,无论是正面还是负面的;然而,关于未来事件的描述性论文将描述未来事件,你希望或害怕未来发生的事情。While the other descriptive essays also employ organizational schemes that outline events connected to a person, place, or object, a descriptive essay about an event must focus on the event itself. For example, you could write a descriptive essay detailing the event of your graduation from high school that could be based on a person, place, object, or event. If you wanted to stress a person through this event, you could write an essay that details how your graduation is important because it was the first time you saw your grandparents in ten years. If you wanted to stress a place through this event, you could write an essay that details how important the stadium you graduated in is to you. If you wanted to stress an object through the event, you could write an essay that describes how important your diploma is to you. However, if you wanted to stress the importance of the graduation, or the event itself, you could write an essay that describes how all the things listed above, your grandparents, the location, and your diploma, all make the event significant to you.
::其它描述性文章也采用组织计划, 描述与某个人、 地点或对象相关的事件, 有关某个事件的描述性文章必须关注事件本身。 例如, 您可以撰写一个描述性文章, 详细描述高中毕业事件, 其依据可以是某个人、 地点、 目标或事件。 如果您想通过这个活动来强调一个人, 您可以写一篇论文, 详细说明你的毕业如何重要, 因为这是你十年来第一次见到你的祖父母。 如果您想通过这个活动来强调一个地方, 您可以写一篇论文, 详细说明你毕业的体育场对你的重要性。 如果您想通过这个活动来强调一个目标, 您可以写一篇论文, 描述你的毕业证书对你有多重要。 但是, 如果您想强调毕业的重要性, 或者说这个活动本身, 你可以写一篇论文, 描述上面列举的所有事情, 你的祖父母, 地点, 以及你的文凭, 都使这个事件对你意义重大。Below is a table describing the significance of each essay type. Essay Type Person/People Place Object Event Significance of Essay Your grandparents are important to you because they came to your graduation. The central park in your home town is important to you because you graduated there. Your diploma is important to you because it symbolizes you maturing into an adult. Your graduation itself is important because it was -
the first time you saw your grandparents in ten years
::十年来第一次见到外公外婆 -
at the central park in your home town
::在你家乡的中央公园 -
when you received your diploma
::当获得文凭时,
Hence, while in the other descriptive essays you must never let the event overshadow the significance of the person, place, or object being described, in an event descriptive essay you should focus on how the people, place, and objects surrounding the event make it important. In this way, an event descriptive essay is a lot like the characteristics person, place, and object essays. Thus, think of the objects, people, and place of an event as the characteristics that make the event important to you whenever constructing an event descriptive essay.
::因此,在其他描述性文章中,你绝不能让事件掩盖被描述的人、地点或对象的重要性,而在事件描述性文章中,你应该关注围绕事件的人、地点和对象如何重要。 这样,事件描述性文章与人、地点和对象的特征非常相似。 因此,把事件对象、人和地点视为在制作事件描述性文章时使事件变得重要的特点。Review Questions
::回顾问题-
Write a descriptive essay about a school event that you attended or that you plan on attending in the future. Remember to include the people, location, or objects that made, or will make, the event significant.
::撰写一篇描述性文章, 介绍您出席的学校活动或您计划将来出席的学校活动。 记住要包括活动的重要人物、 地点或对象, 或活动的重要人物, 或活动的重要对象 。 -
Write a descriptive essay about the 2008 Presidential Election, focusing on why this election was significant in the United States.
::写一篇关于2008年总统选举的描述性文章,
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Understand and utilize the descriptive language associated with the five senses.
