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  • 使用频数表组织和展示数据

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    Mrs. Jones wants to keep track of how many candy bars her students bring in to eat for Halloween treats. She decides to jot down a list of  data  of the number of candy bars each student brings in. The problem is, the list is unorganized and she cannot make any conclusions based on her data to see which students brought in a lot of candy versus students who only brought a few pieces. 
    ::琼斯夫人想追踪她的学生带多少糖果来吃万圣节的药片。她决定把每个学生带进的糖片数量的数据列表缩写下来。问题是,这份清单没有组织,她无法根据她的数据做出任何结论,看哪些学生带了很多糖果来,哪些学生只带了几块糖。

    Here is Mrs. Jones's data:
    ::以下是琼斯夫人的数据:

    1, 5, 2, 6, 2, 3, 7, 4, 1, 6, 2, 6, 4

    Mrs. Jones needs to organize the data and display it somehow so it is easy to  analyze .
    ::琼斯夫人需要整理数据 并显示它的方式 这样很容易分析。

    In this concept, you will learn how to organize data for creating a  frequency table .
    ::在此概念中,您将学会如何为创建频率表组织数据。

    Frequency Tables
    ::频率表 频率表

    Data  is information, usually numbers, connected with real life situations. If you were going to count how many people came to an amusement park in one day, the number of people counted would be the data. Organizing data means organizing numbers taken from real world information. For instance, using the example above, you would take the counts of the number of people who visited the amusement park and would write them in a way that is easy to read.
    ::数据是信息,通常是数字,与现实生活状况有关。如果你想计算一天内有多少人来到游乐场,那么计算的人数就是数据。组织数据意味着组织从真实世界信息中提取的数字。例如,使用上面的例子,你将计算参观游乐场的人数,并以易于阅读的方式写下来。

    There are many different ways to organize data so that it is easy to read. One way of organizing data is to use a  frequency table .  A frequency table is a table that shows how often something occurs. First, you count or keep track of information, then you take that information and put it into a table with different columns.
    ::组织数据的方式有很多种,以便易于阅读。组织数据的一种方法是使用一个频率表。一个频率表是显示某事发生频率的表格。首先,计算或跟踪信息,然后将信息输入到一个有不同列的表格中。

    John counted the number of people who were in the shoe store at the same time, in one day. Here are his results:
    ::John在一天之内同时计算了鞋店里的人数。

    1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8

    This data is called  organized data  because it is in numerical order and isn’t all mixed up. Organized data allows you to examine or  analyze  the data for patterns. You can see here that the  range  of people who were in the store was between 1 and 8. No more than eight people were in the shoe store at the same time on this particular day.
    ::这个数据被称为有组织的数据, 因为它是按数字顺序排列的, 而不是全部混在一起 。 有组织的数据允许您检查或分析图案数据 。 您可以在此看到, 在仓库里的人的范围在1到8之间。 在这个特定的日子里, 鞋店里同时有8人, 不超过8人 。

    This information can be put into a frequency table. This problem will look at the frequency of people entering the store. It will display how many times one person was in the store, how many times two people were in the store, how many times three people were in the store, etc.
    ::此信息可以放入一个频率表。 这个问题将查看进入商店的人的频率。 它将显示商店里的人次、 商店里的人次、 商店里的人次、 商店里的人次、 三倍等等 。

    Here is the completed table. Notice that it has two columns. Column 1 is titled “Number of People Who Were In the Store” and Column 2 is titled “Frequency”.
    ::以下是完整的表格。请注意,它有两个栏目。第1栏的标题是“仓库中的人数”,第2栏的标题是“财富”。

    Number of people who were in the store Frequency
    1 2
    2 1
    3 1
    4 2
    5 2
    6 2
    7 2
    8 1

    Examples
    ::实例

    Example 1
    ::例1

    Earlier, you were given a problem about Mrs. Jones and her class.
    ::早些时候,你被问及 琼斯夫人和她班级的问题

    She wants to display the data she has collected on the frequency of students who brought in a certain number of candy bars for Halloween treats. Here is her data:
    ::她想展示她收集的有关学生频率的数据, 这些学生带了一定数量的糖果棒来参加万圣节的治疗。

    1, 5, 2, 6, 2, 3, 7, 4, 1, 6, 2, 6, 4

    First, Mrs. Jones organizes the data.
    ::首先,琼斯夫人负责整理数据

    1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7

    Next, Mrs. Jones creates a frequency table and fills in her data.
    ::接下来,琼斯夫人制作一个频率表 填充她的数据

    Number of Candy Bars Frequency
    1 2
    2 3
    3 1
    4 2
    5 1
    6 3
    7 1

    Then, Mrs. Jones double checks her work to make sure her data list and frequency table match up. 
    ::然后琼斯夫人重复检查她的工作 以确保她的数据列表和频率表吻合

    Now Mrs. Jones can analyze her data. For example, there were 2 students who brought in 1 candy bar for a treat whereas there were 3 students who brought in 6 candy bars!
    ::现在琼斯夫人可以分析她的数据。比如说,有两个学生带了一个糖果棒来治疗,而有三个学生带了六个糖果棒!

    Example 2
    ::例2

    Here is a list of the number of students who did not complete their homework throughout one month.
    ::以下是整个月未完成功课的学生人数清单。

    1, 1, 3, 3, 4, 3, 3, 5, 6, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3

    First, organize the data by putting the data in numerical order.
    ::首先,通过将数据按数字顺序排列来组织数据。

    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6

    Next create a frequency table and input the data.
    ::下一个创建频率表并输入数据。

    Number of students who did not complete homework Frequency
    1 5
    2 2
    3 5
    4 1
    5 1
    6 1

    Then, check your work by making sure the frequency of each data matches the list of data you started with. This frequency table shows the following conclusions when you analyze the data:
    ::然后,检查您的工作,确保每个数据的频率与您开始的数据列表相匹配。本频率表显示分析数据时的以下结论:

    5 different times throughout the month there was 1 student with incomplete homework.
    ::整个月5次不同时间,有1名学生功课不完整。

    2 different times throughout the month there were 2 students with incomplete homework.
    ::整个月两次不同时间,有两名学生功课不完整。

    5 different times throughout the month there were 3 students with incomplete homework.
    ::整个月5次不同时间,有3名学生功课不完整。

    1 time throughout the month there were 4 students with incomplete homework.
    ::在整个月中,有4名学生有1次功课不完整。

    1 time throughout the month there were 5 students with missing homework.
    ::整个月有一次,有5名学生缺课。

    1 time throughout the month there were 6 students with missing homework.
    ::整个月有一次,有6名学生缺课。

    Example 3
    ::例3

    Here is information about the number of dogs counted in the dog park over five days.
    ::以下是五天内狗公园内数的狗数量。

    4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 5, 5, 8, 6, 6, 8, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5

    First, organize the data.
    ::首先,整理数据。

    4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8

    Next, create the frequency table and fill in the data.
    ::下一步,创建频率表并填入数据。

    Number of dogs Frequency
    4 3
    5 6
    6 4
    7 2
    8 2

    Then, check that your data list and your frequency match up. There are 17 pieces of data in both the list and in the frequency column of the table. The data matches.
    ::然后,请检查您的数据列表和频率匹配 。 列表和表格的频率列中都有17个数据。 数据匹配 。

    Example 4
    ::例4

    Here is a list of the number of children who came to the park together throughout the day.
    ::以下是每天一起来到公园的儿童人数清单。

    2, 1, 3, 8, 7, 5, 7, 3, 5, 3, 4, 1

    First, organize the data.
    ::首先,整理数据。

    1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 7, 7, 8

    *Remember to include 6 in your chart even though there weren’t six children who entered the park at one time. You would enter a 0 for the frequency of 6 children.
    ::* 记得将6个儿童列入你的图表中,即使没有6个儿童一次进入公园。6个儿童的频率是0个,您可以输入0个。

    Next, create the frequency table and fill in the data.
    ::下一步,创建频率表并填入数据。

    Number of children Frequency
    1 (came alone) 2
    2 1
    3 1
    4 1
    5 2
    6 0
    7 2
    8 1

    Then, check your work to make sure your data list matches the frequency table data. There are 12 pieces of data in the list as well as in the table. The answer checks out.
    ::然后,请检查您的工作以确保您的数据列表与频率表数据匹配。列表中和表格中都有12个数据。答案检查出来。

    Example 5
    ::例5

    Here are the number of people who bought ice cream in one hour.
    ::这是一小时后买冰淇淋的人数。

    6, 7, 7, 5, 5, 7, 9, 7, 5

    First, organize the data.
    ::首先,整理数据。

    5, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 9

    Next, create the frequency table and fill in the data.
    ::下一步,创建频率表并填入数据。

    Number of people Frequency
    5 3
    6 1
    7 4
    8 0
    9 1

    Then, make sure the data list matches the data in the table. The data checks out.

    ::然后,确保数据列表与表格中的数据匹配。数据检查完毕。

    Review
    ::回顾

    The following frequency table shows data regarding the number of people who attended different movies in one week. Use the following frequency table to answer each question.
    ::以下的频率表显示了一周内参加不同电影的人数的数据。使用以下的频率表回答每个问题。

    # of People at the movies per week Frequency
    20 4
    50 3
    85 3
    90 5
    120 2
    1. If we were to create a list of this data, is the following list correct or incorrect?
      ::如果我们要创建此数据列表,以下列表是否正确或不正确?

     20, 20, 20, 20, 50, 50, 50, 90, 90, 90, 85, 85, 85, 120, 120

    1. Why?
      ::为什么?
    2. Would you consider the list in number 1 to be organized or unorganized data?
      ::您是否认为第1号列表是有组织的或无组织的数据?
    3. Explain the difference.
      ::解释一下区别
    4. How many showings had 90 people or more in attendance?
      ::有多少节目有90人或超过90人出席?
    5. How many showings had less than 50 people in attendance?
      ::有多少节目有不到50人出席?
    6. How many showings had less than 70 people in attendance?
      ::有多少节目有不到70人出席?
    7. True or false. This data also tells you which showings had the most people in attendance.
      ::真实的或虚假的。这些数据还显示哪些显示显示的出席人数最多。
    8. True or false. There were two showings that had 78 people in attendance.
      ::有两部电影有78人出席
    9. True or false. There were three showings that were the most popular.
      ::不管是真实的还是假的,有三部最受欢迎的节目
    10. True or false. There was one showing that was the most popular.
      ::要么是真实的,要么是虚假的。有一个显示,那是最受欢迎的。
    11. Does a frequency table show you how data changes over time?
      ::频率表是否显示数据随时间变化的情况 ?
    12. Does a frequency table show you how often something happens?
      ::频率表是否显示 发生事情的频率?
    13. Does a frequency table show you how many people don't attend an event?
      ::频率表是否显示有多少人没有参加活动?
    14. Reorganize the data list from this frequency table so it is accurate and ordered.
      ::从此频率表中重组数据列表,使其准确和有顺序。