协调计划翻译
Section outline
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Translations in Video Games
::视频游戏翻译You already know much about the use of rigid motion in animation, in graphic design, and in robotics. Rigid motions are also an integral part of something else: video game design. In 2-dimensional games, video game programmers use a coordinate grid similar to the Cartesian coordinate system to identify where characters are in their environment and to control where and how they move. On mobile devices, the coordinate grid layout starts in the top-left and expands outward to the lower right.
::您已经非常了解动画、图形设计和机器人中僵硬运动的使用。 硬动作也是其它东西的组成部分: 电子游戏设计。 在二维游戏中, 电子游戏程序程序员使用类似于笛卡尔坐标系统的坐标网格来识别字符在其环境中的位置, 并控制字符移动的位置和方式。 在移动设备中, 坐标网格布局从左上角开始, 向右下角扩展 。A mobile device with a coordinate grid.
Monkeying Around
::环绕T he Cartesian coordinate plane i s a common tool for tracking rigid motion transformations. To assign both direction and distance for a translation, first state the change from left to right and then the change from bottom to top. The change from left to right is called the x direction and it runs parallel to the x - axis. A change of +5 in the x direction means to move 5 units to the right, and a change of -5 in the x direction means to move 5 units to the left. The change from bottom to top is called the y direction and it runs parallel to the y axis. A change of +5 in the y direction means to move 5 units up and a change of -5 in the y direction means to move 5 units down.
::Cartesian 坐标平面是跟踪硬动作转换的常用工具。 要为翻译指定方向和距离, 首先要从左向右, 然后从下向上显示变化。 从左向右的改变称为 x 方向, 与 X 轴平行。 x 方向的+5 变化意味着向右移动 5 个单位, 而 x 方向的 - 5 变化意味着向左移动 5 个单位。 从下向上的变化称为 Y 方向, 与 y 轴平行。 Y 方向的+5 变化意味着向上移动 5 个单位, y 方向的变化意味着向下移动 5 个单位 。Use the interactive below to explore how translations can move a character around a screen.
::使用下面的交互效果来探索翻译如何在屏幕周围移动字符 。
Pointing the Way to Translations
::指引翻译之路Using the coordinates of a pre-image, you can predict where the new coordinates of an image will be.
::使用预映像的坐标, 您可以预测图像的新坐标将在哪里 。Example : Point A is located at (-1, 3) and must be translated 2 units right and 4 units down. Where will the new point be?
::示例: A 点位于 (-1, 3) , 必须向右翻译 2 个 单位, 向下翻译 4 个 单位。 新点将在哪里 ?A translation of 2 units right is +2 in the x direction, and a translation of 4 units down is -4 in the y direction. To find the new location of the point, add 2 to the x coordinate and subtract 4 from the y coordinate.
::2个单位右转为 x 方向的+2, 4个单位向下翻为 Y 方向的 - 4。 要找到点的新位置, 请在 x 坐标上加上 2, 从 y 坐标上减去 4 。Express this change using the notation ( x + a , y + b ) , where
::使用符号 (x+a, y+b) 表示此更改, 其中, a 是 x 方向的修改, b 是 y 方向的修改。 例如, 这将看起来像 A( 1) 1,3) {A}A}( 1+2, 3- 4) =(1, 1) -1The new point A ′ will be located at ( 1 , - 1 ) .
::新的点AA将位于(1,-1)处。Practice predicting the new location of translated points using the questions below .
::使用下列问题预测翻译点新位置的做法。
Triangles Taking Trips
::三角旅行Imagine if you translated a whole shape instead of a point. Every point in the shape would undergo the same translation. For instance, if you translate triangle A B C 6 units up, the new image can be obtained by adding 6 to every y coordinate.
::想象一下如果您翻译整个形状而不是一个点。 形状中的每个点都会得到相同的翻译。 例如, 如果您将三角 ABC 6 单位翻译起来, 可以通过在每一个 y 坐标中添加 6 来获取新图像 。Use the interactive below to predict the new location of A B C for the given translation. Once the new location for all three points in the triangle is correct, the translation will happen automatically.
::使用下面的交互效果来预测给定翻译的ABC新位置。 一旦三角形中所有三个点的新位置正确, 翻译将自动发生 。Discussion Question
::讨论问题How does translating on the coordinate plane differ from the translating you have practiced before? How is it the same? Think about your answers in terms of the .
::协调平面上的翻译与您以前练习过的翻译有何不同? 如何相同? 考虑一下您的答案。
Sequences of Translations on the Coordinate Plane
::协调计划翻译顺序T he lesson discussed how sequences could be thought of as single translations performed one after another. The rules from that previous section will still apply. If point A is located at ( 2 , − 5 ) and you translate it 2 units up and 3 units right (becoming point A ′ ), and then translate point A ′ by 6 units up and 5 units left , w here will point A ″ be located?
::课程讨论了如何将序列视为一个翻译一个翻译一个翻译。 上一节的规则仍然适用。 如果 A点位于( 2) - 5 点, 然后您将它翻译为两个单位向上和三个单位向右( 即将到来为 AQ 点) , 然后将 AQ 点向上和左翻译为 6 个单位向上和 5 个单位, 那么 AQ 点将在哪里 ?To predict where A ″ will appear, look at the changes in the x direction and the changes in the y direction separately.
::要预测A将在哪里出现,请分别查看 x 方向的变化和 y 方向的变化 。In the y direction, Point A will move 2 units up and then 6 units up , so t he y coordinate of point A will go up a total of +8 units to A ″ .
::在y方向,A点会向上移动2个单位,然后向上移动6个单位,所以A点的y协调将总共向A+8单位上升。In the x direction, Point A will move 3 units right and then 4 units left. The x coordinate of point A would move a total of + 3 − 4 = − 1 units in the x direction (to the left) to become A ″ .
::在 x 方向中, A点向右移动 3 个单位, 然后向左移动 4 个单位。 A 点的x 坐标将总共向 x 方向( 向左) 移动 +3 - 41 个单位, 成为 A 。A ( 2 , − 5 ) → A ″ ( 2 + 3 − 4 , − 5 + 2 + 6 ) = ( 1 , 3 )
::A(2,2-5)A(2+3-4,5+2+6)=(1,3)Use the interactive below to predict the new location of A B C for the given sequence of translations.
::使用下面的交互式数据来预测翻译特定序列的ABC新位置。Summary -
To translate a point a units horizontally and b units vertically, use the notation
A
(
x
,
y
)
→
A
′
(
x
+
a
,
y
+
b
)
.
::要垂直水平翻译点数单位和b单位,请使用A(x,y)_A}(x+a,y+b)的符号A(x,y)_A}(x+a,y+b)。 -
When translating a shape all of the points in the shape will shift in the same direction by an equal amount.
::当转换形状时, 形状中的所有点都会以等量向同一方向移动 。
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To translate a point a units horizontally and b units vertically, use the notation
A
(
x
,
y
)
→
A
′
(
x
+
a
,
y
+
b
)
.