Section outline

  • lesson content

    Rima loves orangutans. She has learned about an organization that uses donations to care for and protect orangutans in rainforest sanctuaries around the world. Rima has decided to “adopt” an orangutan through this program. The program has three adoption levels: Bronze ($35 - $99), Silver ($100 - $499), and Gold ($500 - $1000). Rima earns money doing odd jobs for her family and neighbors, and she has calculated that with all her scheduled jobs for the first eight weeks of summer, she will earn $125 per week. How can Rima figure out how much money she will earn over the summer and what adoption level she will be able to afford?

    ::里马爱兰古坦人。 她了解到一个组织利用捐款来照顾和保护世界各地雨林保护区的猩猩。 里马决定通过这个方案“收养”一个猩猩。 这个方案有三个收养等级:青铜(35-99美元)、银(100-499美元)和金(500-1000美元)。 里马为家庭和邻居做超常工作挣钱。 她计算了在夏季头八个星期的所有预定工作上,她每周将挣125美元。 里马如何知道她夏天能挣多少钱以及她能付得起多少收养费?

    In this concept, you will learn how to use a problem solving plan.
    ::在这一概念中,你将学会如何使用解决问题的计划。

    Problem-Solving Plan
    ::解决问题计划

    It is helpful to have a problem-solving plan to help you understand and solve problems. There are four parts to a problem solving plan.
    ::制定解决问题的计划有助于帮助你理解和解决问题,解决问题的计划有四个部分。

    Problem-Solving Plan
    ::解决问题计划

    1. Read and understand the problem
      ::阅读和理解问题
    2. Make a plan to solve the problem
      ::制定解决问题的计划
    3. Solve the problem and check results
      ::解决问题和检查结果
    4. Compare alternative approaches to solving the problem
      ::比较解决问题的替代办法

    Read and understand the problem
    ::阅读和理解问题

    When looking at a problem, read it and underline all of the important information. Sometimes you will be given information that is not necessary to solving the problem.
    ::当看到一个问题时, 读读它并突出所有重要信息。 有时会给您一些对于解决问题没有必要的信息 。

    Make a plan to solve the problem
    ::制定解决问题的计划

    Once you know what the problem is asking you to do, you will need to figure out the best method to do that in  order  to solve the problem.
    ::一旦你知道问题是什么 要求你做, 你需要找出最好的方法 这样做,以便解决问题。

    Solve the problem and check results
    ::解决问题和检查结果

    After you have solved the problem, it is important to check your answer either against the given answer, or by using a different method to solve the problem.
    ::在您解决问题后,必须检查您的答案与给定的答案,或者使用不同的方法解决问题。

    Compare alternative approaches to solving the problem
    ::比较解决问题的替代办法

    Think about whether your approach was the best method in solving the problem, or if another method might have been easier, or gotten you to the answer in fewer steps.
    ::想想你的方法是解决问题的最佳方法,还是另一种方法比较容易,还是以更少的步骤使你找到答案。

    Examples
    ::实例

    Example 1

    ::例1

    Earlier, you were given a problem about Rima and her furry adoption.
    ::早些时候,你被给了一个问题 关于Rima和她毛皮收养。

    Rima needs to figure out how much money she will earn over the first eight weeks of summer if she earns $125 per week. She also needs to know which adoption level she will be able to afford: Bronze ($35-$99), Silver ($100-$499), and Gold ($500 -$1000).
    ::Rima需要弄清楚如果她每周收入125美元的话,她会在夏天头八个星期挣多少钱。 她还需要知道她能够负担的收养水平是:青铜(35-99美元 ) 、 银(100-499美元) 和金(500-1000美元 ) 。

    First, identify the important information in the problem.
    ::首先,查明问题的重要信息。

    Rima earns $125 per week
    ::Rima每周收入125美元

    Rima will be working for 8 weeks
    ::Rima将工作8周

    Bronze adoption is $35-$99
    ::青铜收养费为35-99美元

    Silver adoption is $100-$499
    ::银银收养为100至499美元

    Gold adoption is $500-$1000
    ::收金是五千到一千

    Next, make a plan.
    ::下一位,做个计划

    You will need to write an  expression  to calculate the total sum of money Rima will earn, and you will need to compare this to the adoption level requirements.
    ::您需要写一个表达式来计算 Rima 将挣得的钱的总和, 您需要将此与收养要求进行比较 。

    Then, solve the problem.
    ::那就解决问题吧

    Write an expression to calculate Rima’s earnings, then  evaluate  it.
    ::写一个表达式来计算Rima的收入,

    125 x 8 = x
    ::125 x 8 = x

    1,000=x
    ::1 000=1 000x

    The answer is 1,000.
    ::答案是1000

    Compare this to the adoption level requirements.
    ::与收养水平要求相比。

    $1,000 > $35-99

    $1,000 > $100-499

    $1,000 > $500 but = $1,000
    ::1 000美元 > 500美元但=1 000美元

    The answer is Gold adoption
    ::答案是金子收养

    Rima will earn $1,000 over the summer and will be able to afford a Gold adoption of an orangutan.
    ::Rima将在夏天赚到1 000美元,

    Finally, consider alternative approaches to solving the problem.
    ::最后,考虑解决这一问题的其他办法。

    Instead of writing an expression to calculate Rima’s earnings, you could have used repeated  addition , but this would have been much slower -  multiplication  is a shortcut for repeated addition.
    ::不必写出计算 Rima 收入的表达方式,你本可以使用重复的加法,但这样做会慢得多-乘法是重复加法的捷径。

    Example 2

    ::例2

    A zebra can weigh between 770 and 990 pounds. What is the  difference  between the smallest possible weight and the largest possible weight for a zebra?
    ::斑马的重量在770到990磅之间。 最小的重量和最大的斑马的重量之间有什么区别?

    When you see the word "difference" in a problem, you know that you will need to use  subtraction  to solve the problem. In this case, you need to figure out the difference between the two weights.
    ::当您看到一个问题中的“ 差异” 一词时, 您知道您需要使用减法来解决问题。 在这种情况下, 您需要找出两个重量之间的差别 。

    Write this as an expression.
    ::将此写成表达式 。

    990 − 770 = 220

    The answer is 220. So the difference between the two possible weights is 220 pounds.
    ::答案是220。所以两个可能重量的差别是220磅。

    Example 3

    ::例3

    A small lion weighs 330 pounds. If a large lion weighs 500 pounds, what is the difference in weight between the two lions?
    ::一头小狮子重330磅,一头大狮子重500磅,两只狮子的重量有什么区别?

    First, read the problem to identify any action words and underline important information. In this problem, notice that you are given the weights 330 pounds and 500 pounds, and that the question indicates that you are looking for the  difference  between them.
    ::首先, 读读问题来识别任何动作单词, 并突出重要信息 。 在此问题上, 提醒您注意您的重量为 330 磅和 500 磅, 且问题表明您正在寻找两者的区别 。

    Next, write a math expression for the problem you identified. Remember that a difference is the result of subtraction.
    ::下一步, 为您发现的问题写一个数学表达式。 记住, 差异是减法的结果 。

    500 − 330

    Finally, simplify the expression to learn the difference between the weights of the lions.
    ::最后,简化表达方式,以了解狮子重量之间的差别。

    500 − 330 = 170

    The difference between the weights of the lions is 170 pounds.
    ::狮子体重的差别是170磅

    Example 4
    ::例4

    If a large lion weighs in at 500 pounds, and there are four large lions in the habitat, how much do the lions weigh in all?
    ::如果一只大狮子体重500磅 生境里有四只大狮子 那么狮子的重量是多少呢?

    First, read the problem to identify any action words and important information. Here you should note the given weight of 500 lbs per lion, the number of lions, 4, and the action words "in all," which indicate addition or multiplication.
    ::首先, 读读问题来识别任何动作词和重要信息。 这里您应该注意每个狮子500磅的份量, 狮子的数量, 4, 以及“ 全部” 表示增加或乘法的动作词 。

    Next, write an expression for the problem. Since "in all" refers to four of the same weights, use multiplication instead of addition. Remember that multiplication is the shortcut for repeated addition.
    ::下一步, 请为问题写一个表达式 。 因为“ 全部” 是指相同重量中的四个, 请使用乘法而不是加法。 记住乘法是重复添加的快捷键 。

    500 × 4

    Finally, simplify the expression to determine the total weight of the lions.
    ::最后,简化表达方式以确定狮子的总重量。

    500 × 4 = 2000

    The total weight of the four large lions is 2000 pounds.
    ::四头大狮子的总重量是2000磅

    Example 5
    ::例5

    If a small lion weighs 330 pounds and there are five small lions in the habitat, what is the total weight of the small lions?
    ::如果一只小狮子体重330磅 栖息地里有5只小狮子 那么小狮子的总重量是多少?

    First, read the problem to identify any action words and important information. Here you should see that each small lion weighs 330 pounds, there are 5 small lions, and the action word "total" means you will need to add or multiply again.
    ::首先, 读读问题来识别任何动作词和重要信息。 这里您应该看到每只小狮子的体重是330磅, 有5只小狮子, “ 总计” 表示您需要重新添加或倍增 。

    Next, write an expression for the problem. Since "total" refers to five of the same weights, use multiplication instead of addition.
    ::下一步, 请为问题写一个表达式。 因为“ 总计” 指的是相同重量的 5 个, 请使用乘法而不是加法 。

    330 × 5
    Finally, simplify the expression to determine the total weight of the lions.

    330 × 5 = 1650
    The total weight of the five small lions is 1650 pounds.

    Review
    ::回顾

    Use the four-part problem-solving plan to answer each question.
    ::使用四部分解决问题计划回答每个问题。

    1. Jana is working in the ticket booth at the Elephant ride. She earns  $ 8.00  per hour. If she works for 7 hours, how much money will she earn in one day?
      ::Jana在大象旅行的售票亭工作,她每小时挣8美元,如果她工作7小时,一天能挣多少钱?
    2. If Jana makes this amount of money for one day, how much will she make after five days of work?
      ::如果Jana一天赚这么多钱 她工作五天后能赚多少?
    3. If Jana works five days per week for 4 weeks, how much money will she make?
      ::如果Jana每周工作5天4周,她能挣多少钱?
    4. If Jana keeps up this schedule for the ten weeks of summer vacation, how much money will she have at the end of the summer?
      ::如果Jana在暑假的十周里 遵守这个时间表 她暑假结束时会有多少钱?
    5. Jana has decided to purchase a bicycle with her summer earnings. She picks out a great mountain bicycle that costs  $ 256.99 . How much money does she have left after purchasing the bicycle?
      ::Jana决定用暑假收入购买自行车。她选择了一辆花费256.99美元的大型山地自行车。她买自行车后还剩下多少钱?
    6. An orangutan will eat about 12 kg of fruit and vegetables every time it eats. They also eat every 6-8 hours. If an orangutan eats every 6-8 hours, how many times does one eat in a 24 hour period?
      ::一只猩猩每次吃12公斤水果和蔬菜,每6至8小时就吃一次,如果一只猩猩每6至8小时吃一次,在24小时内吃多少次?
    7. If an orangutan eats 12 kg every time it eats, and it eats three times per day, how many kilograms of food are consumed each day?
      ::如果一个猩猩每次吃12公斤,每天吃3次,每天消费多少公斤食物?
    8. If the orangutan eats 4 times per day, how many kilograms of food are consumed?
      ::如果猩猩每天食食4次,食用多少公斤食物?
    9. If there are 12 orangutans in the habitat at the zoo, how many kilograms of food are consumed per feeding?
      ::如果动物园的栖息地有12只猩猩,每次喂食需要多少公斤食物?
    10. Given this number, if all 12 orangutans eat three times per day, how many kilograms are consumed in one day?
      ::鉴于这一数字,如果所有12个猩猩每天吃3次,一天消费多少公斤?
    11. If all 12 eat four times per day, how many kilograms are consumed in one day?
      ::如果全部12人每天4次吃东西,一天消费多少公斤?
    12. A giraffe can step 15 feet in one step. If a giraffe takes 9 steps, how many feet of ground did the giraffe cover?
      ::长颈鹿可以一步步走15英尺 如果长颈鹿走9步 那长颈鹿能覆盖多少英尺的地面?
    13. If a giraffe’s tongue is 27 inches long, and a tree is 3 feet away from where he is standing, can the giraffe reach the tree with its tongue?
      ::如果长颈鹿的舌头长27英寸,而一棵树离他所站的地方只有3英尺远,长颈鹿能否用舌头达到树?
    14. How many inches closer does the giraffe need to move to be able to reach the tree?
      ::长颈鹿需要移动几英寸才能爬到树上?
    15. A male giraffe can eat up to 100 pounds of food in a day. If a female giraffe eats about half of what a male eats, how many pounds does the female consume in one day?
      ::雄性长颈鹿一天可以吃100磅的食物。 如果雌性长颈鹿吃大约一半的雄性食物,雌性长颈鹿一天能吃多少磅?
    16. If a male giraffe was to eat 98 pounds of food in one day, how many pounds would be consumed in one week?
      ::如果一只雄性长颈鹿在一天内吃98磅的食物 一周内会消耗多少磅?
    17. How much food would be consumed in one month (30 days)?
      ::一个月(30天)能消耗多少粮食?
    18. If a giraffe travels 15 feet with one step, how many steps would it take the giraffe to cover 120 feet?
      ::如果长颈鹿走15英尺 一步, 它需要多少步 长颈鹿覆盖120英尺?
    19. How many steps would it take for a giraffe to walk the length of a football field, which is 360 feet?
      ::长颈鹿走在360英尺长的足球场上需要多少步?
    20. If a lion can sleep 20 hours in one day, how many hours is a lion asleep over a period of three days?
      ::如果狮子一天能睡20小时, 狮子在三天内睡了多少小时?

    Review (Answers) 
    ::回顾(答复)

    Click   to see the answer key or go to the Table of Contents and click on the Answer Key under the 'Other Versions' option.
    ::单击可查看答题键, 或转到目录中, 单击“ 其他版本” 选项下的答题键 。

    Resources
    ::资源