Section outline

  • Succulent plants resembling stones, known as 'living stones,' displaying unique forms and textures.

    What is this?
    ::这是什么?

    You may be surprised that this is a picture of plants. They look a little like stones. In fact, these plants are often called "living stones." Organisms don't need to have big green leaves to be considered plants. What do you think distinguishes plants from other organisms?
    ::你可能感到惊讶的是,这是植物的图片,它们看起来有点像石头。事实上,这些植物经常被称为“活的石头 ” 。 生物不需要大绿色的叶子才能被视为植物。你认为植物与其他生物有什么区别呢?

    What are Plants?
    ::植物是什么? 植物吗? What are Plants?

    Plants have adapted to a variety of environments, from the desert to the tropical rain forest to lakes and oceans. In each environment, plants have become crucial to supporting animal life. Plants are the food that animals eat. Plants also provide places for animals, such as and , to live; many birds build nests in plants. From tiny mosses to gorgeous rose bushes to extremely large redwood trees ( Figure ), the organisms in this kingdom , Kingdom Plantae, have three main features. They are all:
    ::从沙漠到热带雨林,到湖泊和海洋,植物适应了各种环境,从沙漠到热带雨林,到湖泊和海洋,在每一种环境中,植物都成为支持动物生命的关键,植物是动物食用的食物,植物也为动物提供栖息之地,例如和(或)生存;许多鸟类在植物中筑巢。从小苔类到华丽的玫瑰灌木,到巨大的红木树(图示 ) , 这个王国的生物,普兰泰王国,有三个主要特征。它们都是:

    1. Eukaryotic.
      ::欧卡丽特
    2. Photosynthetic.
      ::摄影合成。
    3. Multicellular .
      ::多细胞。

    Recall that eukaryotic organisms also include animals, protists , and . Eukaryotes have cells with that contain , and membrane-bound , such as mitochondria . is the process by which plants capture the energy of sunlight and use carbon dioxide from the air (and water) to make their own food, the carbohydrate glucose . Plants have chloroplasts , the organelle of photosynthesis, and are known as and autotrophs . Other organisms are heterotrophic consumers, meaning they must obtain their nutrients from another organism, as these organisms lack chloroplasts. Lastly, plants must be multicellular, composed of more than one cell. There are no single-celled plants. Recall that some protists, such as , are eukaryotic and photosynthetic but are not considered plants. Unlike plants, algae is mostly unicellular. 
    ::提醒人们注意,衣原体也包含动物、蛋白类和亚甲酸酯。Eukaryotes有含有细胞的细胞,而细胞中含有膜,如米托乔因德里亚。这是植物捕捉阳光的能量,并利用空气(和水)中的二氧化碳制造自己的食物,即碳水化合物甘蔗糖的过程。植物有叶片,即光合作物的有机体,并被称为和自发营养体。其他生物是热营养消费者,这意味着它们必须从其他生物中获取养分,因为这些生物缺乏氯素。最后,植物必须是多细胞,由不止一个细胞组成。没有单细胞植物。请注意,有些原生者,如光合作剂和光合作剂,不被视为植物。与植物不同,藻类大多没有冰。

    A forest scene with a moss-covered ground and a small stream flowing through it.
    There is great diversity in the plant kingdom, from tiny mosses to huge trees.

    Further Reading
    ::继续阅读

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • Plants are multicellular and eukaryotic, meaning their cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
      ::植物是多细胞和水晶的,意思是它们的细胞有一个核和膜状有机物。
    • Plants perform photosynthesis, the process by which plants capture the energy of sunlight and use carbon dioxide from the air to make their own food.
      ::植物进行光合作用,通过光合作用,植物捕捉阳光的能量,利用空气中的二氧化碳生产自己的食物。

    Explore More
    ::探索更多

    Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.
    ::利用以下资源回答以下问题。

    • Kingdom Plantae at (7:59)
      ::7:59时(7:59)

     

     

    1. What three characteristics do all plants share?
      ::所有植物共有哪些三个特点?
    2. What is the role of the plant cell wall?
      ::植物细胞墙的作用是什么?
    3. What allows for photosynthesis in the plant cell?
      ::什么允许在植物细胞中使用光合作用?
    4. What is the main difference between a sporophyte and a gametophyte?
      ::脊椎动物和草药的主要区别是什么?

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. If a fern is a plant, then what are three characteristics you know to be true about ferns?
      ::如果生物是植物,那么你所知道的关于生物的三种特性是什么?
    2. Mushrooms gain their energy from decomposing dead organisms. Explain why a mushroom is not a plant.
      ::蘑菇的能量来自腐蚀死亡生物。解释为什么蘑菇不是植物。
    3. What is the organelle of photosynthesis?
      ::什么是光合作用风琴?
    4. Describe the relationship between producers and autotrophs.
      ::描述生产者和自养体之间的关系。