7.16 职能规则输入-产出表
Section outline
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Soren is working on a project about the eating behavior of the Mandarin duck from East Asia. He has gathered some data about the Mandarin duck’s weight and the approximate amount of plant matter it eats in a day. Soren put this information in a table and noticed a pattern in the duck’s weight and the approximate amount of plant matter eaten.
::索伦正在研究东亚普通鸭的饮食行为项目。 他收集了一些关于普通鸭重量及其一天内所食植物物质的大致数量的数据。 索伦将这一信息放在一张桌子上,并且注意到鸭的重量和所食植物物质的大致数量。Input (Mandarin duck weight in grams) Output (Plant matter eaten in grams) 400 250 500 300 600 350 700 400 Can you write a rule that describes the data in this table?
::您能写出一条描述此表格中数据的规则吗 ?In this concept, you will learn to evaluate a given function rule using an input-output table .
::在此概念中,您将学会使用输入-产出表对特定功能规则进行评价。Using Input-Output Tables for Function Rules
::职能规则使用输入-产出表An input-output table , like the one shown below, can be used to represent a function .
::输入输出表,如下表所示,可用于代表函数。3 times x Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 0 1 3 2 6 3 9 Each pair of numbers in the table is related by the same function rule. That rule is: multiply each input number ( -value) by 3 to find each output number ( -value). You can use a rule like this to find other values for this function, too.
::表格中的每对数字由相同的函数规则关联。该规则是:将每个输入号(x-value)乘以3,以找到每个输出号(y-value)。您也可以使用这样的规则为此函数找到其他值。Now look at how to use a function rule to complete a table.
::现在看看如何使用函数规则来填写表格。The rule for the input-output table below is: add 1.5 to each input number to find its corresponding output number. Use this rule to find the corresponding output numbers.
::下面输入输出表的规则是:在每个输入数中增加1.5,以找到相应的输出数。使用此规则来找到相应的输出数。Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 1 2.5 5 10 To find each output number, add 1.5 to each input number. Then, write that output number in the table.
::要找到每个输出数字, 在每个输入数字中增加1.5。 然后, 在表格中写入该输出数字 。Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 1.5 1 2.5 2.5 4 5 6.5 10 11.5 You can represent the information in this table as five ordered pairs from the function.
::您可以将本表格中的信息作为从函数中订购的五对对来表示。Now, write the answer in ordered pairs.
::现在,把答案写成一对一对The answer is
.
::答案是(0,1.5)(1,2.5)(2.5,4)(5,65.5)(10,11.5)。Let’s look at another example to show how to create a function table given a rule.
::让我们看看另一个示例, 以显示如何根据规则创建函数表 。Let’s say that the domain of a function is all real numbers. The rule for this function is: multiply each -value (the input) by 4 and then subtract 2. Make a table that shows three inputs and three corresponding outputs for a function that follows this rule. Then, represent this information as ordered pairs.
::让我们假设函数的域是所有真实数字。 此函数的规则是: 将每个 x 值( 输入) 乘以 4 , 然后减去 2. 修改一个表格, 显示遵循此规则的函数的三个输入和三个相应的输出。 然后, 将此信息以定购配对的方式表示 。First, choose three -values for the table. You may choose any numbers in the domain of the function, but let’s select some numbers that are easy to work with such as 1, 2, and 3.
::首先,为表格选择三个 x 值。您可以在函数域中选择任意数字,但让我们选择一些容易工作的数字,例如1、2和3。Next, you take an input value ( -value).
-value), and apply the function rule to find the corresponding output value (
::下一步,取一个输入值(x-value),然后应用函数规则查找相应的输出值(y-value)。The rule for this function is: multiply each -value (the input) by 4 and then subtract 2.
::此函数的规则是:将每个x值(输入)乘以4,然后减去2。Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 1 2 2 6 3 10 You can represent the information in this table (the inputs and outputs of the function) as three ordered pairs.
::您可以将本表格中的信息(函数的投入和输出)作为三对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对一对。The answer is
.
::答案是{(1,2,2,6,(3,10)}。You can also write the rule for a function rule as an equation .
::您也可以将函数规则的规则写成等式。Here is an example.
::举一个例子。The equation values in the table below.
is a function. The input is the -value and the corresponding -value is the output. Use this rule to find the missing and
::y=x3+1 等式是一个函数。输入是 x 值,相应的 Y 值是输出。使用此规则在下表中查找缺失的 x 和 y 值。Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 1 3 2 9 8 First, when
is 9, use the function to solve for . You do this by substituting 9 in for in .
::首先,当 x 9 是 9 时, 使用该函数为y 解析 。 您可以用 Y=x3+1 中的 x 替换 9 英寸 来解决这个问题 。
::y=x3+1y=93+1y=3+1y=4One answer is when . This means that is an ordered pair for this function.
::一个答案是 x=9,y=4。这意味着此函数的对数( 9, 4) 是定购的对数 。Next, solve for the other missing value.
::下一步, 解答其它缺失值 。You know that . So, plug that into the function and solve for .
::你知道y=8. 所以,在函数中插入它,然后解答 x。
::y=x3+18=x3+1 y=x3+18=x3+1Then, use the subtraction property of equality and subtract 1 from both sides of the equation.
::然后,使用等式的减法属性,从等式的两侧减去1。
::8- 1=x3+1-17=x3Next, use the multiplication property of equality and multiply both sides of the equation by 3.
::其次,使用平等的乘法属性,将等式的两侧乘以3。
::7x3=x3x3x321=33x21=1x21=xThe answer is when the output value ( ) is 21. This means that is an ordered pair for this function.
) is 8 the input value (
::答案是当输出值为 8时,输入值(x)为 21 时,这意味着(21,8)是该函数的一对定购配对。
Examples
::实例Example 1
::例1Earlier, you were given a problem about Soren and the information he’s gathering about Mandarin ducks.
::更早之前, 你曾得知索伦和他收集到的关于普通鸭的信息有问题。Soren notices a pattern in the information he’s collected so far. Can you write a rule that takes the input and gives the output number?
::Soren注意到他至今所收集的信息模式。 您能写出一条规则, 记录输入并给出输出号吗 ?Input (Mandarin duck weight in grams) Output (Plant matter eaten in grams) 400 250 500 300 600 350 700 400 Let be the input, and be the output.
::让 x 成为输入, y 成为输出 。You can notice that the outputs are about half the inputs, and as you look closer you may notice that the outputs are half the input plus 50. That is, the output,
, is .
::您可以注意到产出大约是输入量的一半, 当您更近一点看时, 您可能会注意到输出量是输入量加50的一半。 也就是说, 输出量, y, 是 x2+50 。You can write this as a function taking an input value ( ) to an output value ( ).
::您可以将此写成函数, 将输入值( x) 写入输出值。
::y=x2+50 y=x2+50The answer for a rule or a function which takes duck weight as an input and gives plant matter eaten as an output is .
::一个规则或函数的答案是y=x2+50, 该规则或函数以鸭重作为输入, 并给出以植物物质作为输出被食用。Example 2
::例2Data about the number of chipmunks and the corresponding number of nuts eaten is presented in the following table.
::下表列出了花栗鼠数量和相应食用坚果数量的数据。Input (number of chipmunks) Ouptut (nuts eaten) 12 6 10 5 8 4 6 3 4 2 Can you write a rule for a function that describes this information?
::您能为描述此信息的函数写一条规则吗 ?First, examine the inputs and outputs to see if there is a clear pattern. You can see that if you divide the input by 2 you get the output.
::首先,检查输入和输出,看看是否有清晰的图案。如果将输入除以 2 ,可以看到输出。Next, let be the input, and be the output. You can then write a rule that describes this function.
::接下来,让 x 成为输入, y 成为输出。 然后您可以写入一条描述此函数的规则 。The answer is
.
::答案是y=x2。Solve each equation.
::解决每个方程式Example 3
::例3Complete the table given the following rule: Add 2 to the input to get the output.
::填写表格时给出以下规则:在输入中添加2,以获取输出。Input ( ) Output ( ) 3 5 6 First, add 2 to each input to find the output.
::首先,在每项输入中增加2个,以查找输出。The answers are 5, 7 and 8.
::答案是5、7和8Example 4
::例4Write an equation that describes the function in Example 1.
::写入一个方程式, 描述例1中的函数 。Use the rule: add 2 to the input to get the output. Substitute for the input, and for the output.
::使用规则: 在输入中添加 2 来获取输出。 替代输入的 x 和输出的 y 。The answer is
.
::答案是y=x+2。Example 5
::例5Create a table for the function . Use three values for the inputs.
::创建 y=x2+3 函数的表格。 输入使用三个值。First, it is a good idea to pick numbers for the inputs that will be easy to calculate. Let’s take the numbers 2, 4, and 6 since they are all even numbers divisible by 2.
::首先,为容易计算的投入选取数字是一个好主意。 让我们选取数字2、4和6,因为它们甚至可以除以2。Next, plug each input value into
, in the function and solve for .
::下一步,将每个输入值插入 x, 在 y=x2+3 函数中插入, 并为 y 求解 。Input ( ) Output ( ) 2 4 4 5 6 6 Re view
::回顾Use the given rule or equation to complete the table.
::使用给定规则或方程式填写表格。-
The rule for the input-output below table is: multiply each input number by 7 and then add 2. Use this rule to find the corresponding output numbers.
::下表输入-产出的规则是:将每个输入数乘以7,然后增加2。 使用这一规则查找相应的输出数。
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 1 2 3 4 -
The rule for this function table is: subtract 6 from each
::此函数表的规则是: 从每个 x 值中减去 6 来查找每个 Y 值。 使用此规则来查找表格中缺失的数字。 用这些数值填入表格中 。
-value to find each
-value. Use this rule to find the missing numbers in the table. Fill in the table with those numbers.
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 6 7 16 -
The equation
::y=x2- 1 等式是一个函数。使用此函数在下表中查找缺失的值。
is a function. Use this function to find the missing values in the table below.
Input number ( )Output number ( ) 2 0 4 1 8 6 Determine if the rule provided would give the information in the input-output table. If it works write “yes
if not, write “no”.
::确定所提供的规则是否提供输入-产出表中的信息,如果该规则有效,请填写“是”,如果没有,请填写“否”。-
::2x 2x
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 1 2 2 5 3 7 -
::3x-1
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 1 2 2 5 3 8 4 11 -
::2x+1
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 1 3 2 4 3 6 5 10 -
::4x 4x
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 0 1 4 2 8 3 12 -
::6x-3 6x-3
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 1 3 2 9 3 15 -
::2x 2x
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 0 0 1 2 2 4 3 6 -
::3x-3
Input number ( ) Output number ( ) 1 0 2 3 4 9 5 12 Create a table for each rule. Use the five input values: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
::为每一规则创建一个表格。使用五个输入值: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-
::7x 7x -
::3x+1 -
::5x-3 -
::4x+3 4x+3 -
::4x-5 4x-5
Review (Answers)
::回顾(答复)Click to see the answer key or go to the Table of Contents and click on the Answer Key under the 'Other Versions' option.
::单击可查看答题键, 或转到目录中, 单击“ 其他版本” 选项下的答题键 。 -
The rule for the input-output below table is: multiply each input number by 7 and then add 2. Use this rule to find the corresponding output numbers.