Section outline

  • Medians
    ::中中

    In a triangle , the line segment that joins a vertex and the midpoint of the opposite side is called a median .
    ::在三角形中,连接顶点和对面中点的线段称为中位数。

    ¯ L O is the median from L to the midpoint of ¯ N M .
    ::LO是从L到NNN中点的中位数

    If you draw all three medians they will intersect at one point called the centroid .
    ::如果你画出所有三个中位数 他们就会在一个叫做中位数的地方交叉

    The centroid is the “balancing point” of a triangle. This means that if you were to cut out the triangle, the centroid is its center of gravity so you could balance it there.
    ::中央机器人是三角形的“平衡点 ” 。 这意味着如果你切除三角形, 中央机器人就是它的重力中心, 这样你就可以平衡它。

    The Median Theorem states that the medians of a triangle intersect at a point called the centroid that is two-thirds of the distance from the vertices to the midpoint of the opposite sides.
    ::《中位理论》指出,三角形交错点的中位数称为中位数,即从脊椎到对面中点的距离的三分之二。

    So if G is the centroid, then:
    ::如果G是机器人,那么:

    A G = 2 3 A D ,   C G = 2 3 C F ,   E G = 2 3 B E D G = 1 3 A D ,   F G = 1 3 C F ,   B G = 1 3 B E And by substitution : D G = 1 2 A G ,   F G = 1 2 C G ,   B G = 1 2 E G


    ::AG=23AD, CG=23CF, EG=23BEDG=13AD, FG=13CFG=13CF, BG=13BE和替换: DG=12AG, FG=12CG, BG=12EG

    What if you were told that J , K , and L were the midpoints of the sides of F G H and that M was the centroid of F G H ? Given the length of J K , how could you find the lengths of J M and K M ?
    ::如果有人告诉你J、K和L是FGH两边的中点,而M是FGH的中间体呢?鉴于jK的长度,你如何找到JM和KM的长度?

    Examples
    ::实例

    Example 1
    ::例1

    B ,   D , and F are the midpoints of each side and G is the centroid. If C G = 16 , find G F and C F .
    ::B、D和F是双方的中点,G是中点。如果CG=16,请找到GF和CF。

    Use the Median Theorem.
    ::使用中位定理 。

    C G = 2 3 C F 16 = 2 3 C F C F = 24

    .
    ::CG=23CFF16=23CFCF=24。

    Therefore, G F = 8 .
    ::因此,GF=8。

    Example 2
    ::例2

    True or false: The median bisects the side it intersects.
    ::真实的或假的:中位数将相交的侧面相交。

    This statement is true. By definition, a median intersects a side of a triangle at its midpoint. Midpoints divide segments into two equal parts.
    ::这个语句是真实的。 根据定义, 中位数在其中点将三角形的一面交叉。 中点将各段分隔为两个相等的部分 。

    Example 3
    ::例3

    I ,   K , and M are midpoints of the sides of H J L .
    ::我、K和M是ZHJL两边的中点

    If J M = 18 , find J N and N M . If H N = 14 , find N K and H K .
    ::如果JM=18,请找到JN和NM。如果HN=14,请找到NK和HK。

    Use the Median Theorem.
    ::使用中位定理 。

    J N = 2 3 18 = 12 . N M = J M J N = 18 12 . N M = 6.
    ::JN=2318=12.NM=JM-JN=18-12.NM=6。

    14 = 2 3 H K
    ::14=23HK

    14 3 2 = H K = 21 . N K is a third of 21, N K = 7 .
    ::1432=HK=21。NK是21的三分之一,NK=7。

    Example 4
    ::例4

    H is the centroid of A B C and D C = 5 y 16 . Find x and y .
    ::H是 QABC 和 DC=5y-16. find x and y.

    To solve, use the Median Theorem. Set up and solve equations.
    ::要解析, 请使用中位定理。 设置并解析方程式 。

    1 2 B H = H F B H = 2 H F H C = 2 3 D C 3 2 H C = D C 3 x + 6 = 2 ( 2 x 1 )   3 2 ( 2 y + 8 ) = 5 y 16 3 x + 6 = 4 x 2   3 y + 12 = 5 y 16 8 = x     28 = 2 y 14 = y


    ::12BH=HF*BH=2HFHHC=23DC=23DC*32HC=DC3x+6=2(2x-1)、32(2y+8)=5y-163x+6=4x-2、3y+12=5y-168=x28=2y14=y

    Example 5
    ::例5

    B ,   D , and F are the midpoints of each side and G is the centroid. If B G = 5 , find G E and B E
    ::B、D和F是两边的中点,G是中点。如果BG=5,找到GE和BE

    Use the Median Theorem.
    ::使用中位定理 。

    B G = 1 3 B E 5 = 1 3 B E B E = 15

    .
    ::BG=13BE5=13BEBE=15。

    Therefore, G E = 10 .
    ::因此,GE=10。

    Review
    ::回顾

    For questions 1-4, B ,   D , and F are the midpoints of each side and G is the centroid. Find the following lengths.
    ::问题14、B、D和F为每一方的中点,G为中点。请查找以下长度。

    1. If C G = 16 , find G F and C F
      ::如果CG=16, 找到GF和CF
    2. If A D = 30 , find A G and G D
      ::如果AD=30,请找到AG和GD
    3. If G F = x , find G C and C F
      ::如果GF=x,请见GC和CF
    4. If A G = 9 x and G D = 5 x 1 , find x and A D .
      ::如果 AG=9x 和 GD=5x-1, 则查找 x 和 AD 。

    Multi-step Problems Find the equation of a median in the x y plane.
    ::多步问题 找到 X - y 平面中中位数的方程式 。

    1. Plot A B C :   A ( 6 , 4 ) ,   B ( 2 , 4 ) and C ( 6 , 4 )
      ::ABC:A(-6)-4,B(-2,4)和C(6)-4
    2. Find the midpoint of ¯ A C . Label it D .
      ::找到AC的中点 标签 D
    3. Find the slope of ¯ B D .
      ::找到BD的斜坡
    4. Find the equation of ¯ B D .
      ::找到BD的方程式
    5. Plot D E F :   D ( 1 , 5 ) ,   E ( 0 , 1 ) ,   F ( 6 , 3 )
      ::Plot DEF: D(-1,5), E(0,-1), F(6,3)
    6. Find the midpoint of ¯ E F . Label it G .
      ::找出EF的中点 标出G
    7. Find the slope of ¯ D G .
      ::找到DG的斜坡
    8. Find the equation of ¯ D G .
      ::找到DG的方程式

    Determine whether the following statement is true or false.
    ::确定以下声明是真实的还是虚假的。

    1. The centroid is the balancing point of a triangle.
      ::中央机器人是三角形的平衡点

    Review (Answers)
    ::回顾(答复)

    Click to see the answer key or go to the Table of Contents and click on the Answer Key under the 'Other Versions' option.
    ::单击可查看答题键, 或转到目录中, 单击“ 其他版本” 选项下的答题键 。

    Resources
    ::资源