9.12 增加和减减与异式排减器不同的逻辑表达式
Section outline
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One part of a line segment measures . The other part of the segment measures . What is the total length of the line segment?
::一条线段的一个部分是3x-2。 另一部分是2x+1。 线段的总长度是多少?Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions
::添加和减减理性表达式Now, we will add two rational expressions where were you will have to multiply both fractions by a constant in order to get the Lowest Common Denominator or LCD. Recall how to add fractions where the denominators are not the same.
::现在,我们将添加两个合理的表达式, 您需要将两个分数乘以一个常数, 才能获得最低的常见分数 或 LCD 。 回顾如何在分数不同的地方添加分数 。Find the LCD. and . So, they have a common factor of 3. Anytime two denominators have a common factor, it only needs to be listed once in the LCD. The LCD is therefore .
::查找LCD. 15=35和18=36. 因此,它们有一个共同系数3。 任何时候,两个分母都有共同系数,只需在LCD上列出一次。 因此,LCD是 356=90。We multiplied the first fraction by to obtain 90 in the denominator. Recall that a number over itself is . Therefore, we haven’t changed the value of the fraction. We multiplied the second fraction by . We will now apply this idea to rational expressions.
::我们将第一个分数乘以66 以获得分母中的 90 。 回顾一个数字本身是 66=1 。 因此,我们没有改变这个分数的值。 我们将第二个分数乘以55 。 我们现在将把这个想法应用到理性表达中 。Let's a dd or subtract the following rational expressions.
::我们加或减以下合理表达式。-
Add
.
::添加 x+5x2-3x+3x2+2x。
First factor each denominator to find the LCD. The first denominator, factored, is . The second denominator is . Both denominators have and , so we only need to list it once. The LCD is .
::找到液晶体体的第一个分母。第一个分母是 x2 - 3x=x(x- 3),第二个分母是 x2+2x=x(x+2),两个分母都有和 x,所以我们只需要列出一次。LCD是 x(x-3)(x+2) 。
::x+5x2 - 3x+3x2+2x=x+5x(x-3)+3x(x+2)Looking at the two denominators factored, we see that the first fraction needs to be multiplied by and the second fraction needs to be multiplied by .
::查看所考虑的两个分母,我们看到第一个分母需要乘以 x+2x+2,第二个分母需要乘以 x+3x+3。
::=x+2x+2x+2xx+5x(x-3)+3x(x+2)xx-3x-3x=(x+2)(x+5)+3(x-3)xx(x+2)xx(x+2)x(x+2)(x-3)x(x+2)(x-3)At this point, we need to FOIL the first expression and distribute the 3 to the second. Lastly we need to combine like terms .
::此时此刻,我们需要FOIL第一种表达方式,将第三种表达方式分发到第二种,最后,我们需要将类似术语结合起来。
::=x2+7x+10+3x-9x(x+2)(x-3)=x2+10x+1x(x+2)(x-3)The quadratic in the numerator is not factorable, so we are done.
::分子中的二次曲线是不可计数的,所以我们完成了。-
Add
.
::添加 4x+6+x-23x+1。
The denominators have no common factors, so the LCD will be .
::这些分母没有共同的因素,所以液晶晶体将(x+6)(3x+1)。
::4x+6+6+x-23x+1=3x+13x+13x+1}4x+6+x-23x+1*4x+6x+6=4(3x+1)(3x+1)(3x+1)(x+1)(x+6)+(x-2(x+6)(3x)(3x+1)(x+1)(x+6)=12x+4+x2+x2+4x4(3x+1)(x+6)=x2+16x8(3x+1)(x+6)-
Subtract
.
::减号 x-1x2+5x+4-x+22x2+13x+20。
To find the LCD, we need to factor the denominators.
::要找到液晶,我们需要考虑分母
::x2+5x+4=(x+1)(x+4)(x+4)2x2+13x+20=(2x+5)(x+4)LCD=(x+1)(2x+5)(x+4)
::x - 1x2+5x+4x+4x+4x+4x+4x+2x2x2x2xx+5(x+4)=2x+52x+5x2(2x+4)=2x+52x+5x1x1(x1+1x+4)x+2+2x5(x+4x+4x+4x4x4x4x+4x4x4x+4x+4x2x+2x2x2+2x2x+5)(x1x+5)(2x+4)=2x+52x+5x+5x-2x-2x-3x-2x-3x2(x2x+5)(x2x+5)(x+2x+2x+5)(x+4)x=x2x7(x+1)(2x+5)(2x+5)(x+4)Examples
::实例Example 1
::例1Earlier, you were asked to find the total length of the line segment.
::早些时候,有人要求你找到线段的总长度。We need to add the two parts of the segment to get the whole.
::我们需要增加这部分的两部分,以取得整个结果。
::3x-2+2x+1The denominators have no common factors, so the LCD will be .
::这些分母没有共同的因素,所以液晶晶体将(x-2)(x+1)。
::3x-2+2x+2x+1x1=x+1x1x1x1=1x1x1x3x2+2x2x1x-2x3(x+1)(x+1)(x+1)(x1)(x-2)+(2)x-2(x-2)(x-2)(x-1)(x-2)=3x+3+2+2x4(x+1)(x-2)=5x-1(x+1)(x-2)Therefore, the total length of the line segment is .
::因此,直线段的总长度为5x-1(x+1)(x-2)。Perform the indicated operation .
::执行指示的操作 。Example 2
::例2
::3x2-6x+5-x2x-12The LCD is .
::LCD为3x(x-6) 。
::3x2 - 6x+5 - x2x - 6x- 6- 6x= 2x3x(x-6)+5-xx2(x-6)xxx=6x(5-xx)2x(x-6)=6+5x-x2x(x-6)x(x-6)x*1(x2-5x-6)2x(x-6)xWe pulled a -1 out of the numerator so we can factor it.
::我们从分子中取出一个 -1,这样我们就可以计算出来。
::1(x- 6)(x+1) 2x(x-6) x- 12xExample 3
::例3
::x2+4x+4-4-x-5x2+5x6The LCD is .
::液晶显示器为(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+3)。
::x2+4x+4x+4x-x5x2+5x6xx+3x3x3x3xxxxxxxxxxxx2+2(x+2)-x5(x+2)(x+3)(x+3)xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx5(x+2)(x+2(x2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+3)(x+2)(x+2)(x+3)(x+3)(x+5)(x+3)(x+3)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)(xx)xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxExample 4
::例4
::2xx2 - x - x - 20+x2 - 9x2 - 1The LCD is .
::致死剂量为(x-5)(x+4)(x+1)(x-1)(x-1/1)。
::2xx2-x-20+x2-9x2-1=(x+1)(x-1)(x-1)(x-1)(x-1)(x-1)(x-1)(x-1)(x+4)(x+4)+x2-9(x+1)(x+4)(x-5(x-5)(x-5)(x+4)(x-5)(x-4)(x-2)(x-5)(x-5)(x+4)(x+4)(x-1)(x-1)(x-1)(x-1)=2x3-2xx4(x4)-x3-x3(x5)(x+4)(x+4)(x+1)(x)(x-1)(x-1)(x)x4+1)(x4+3-292)(x)(x)(x1)(x1)(x4+3-x3-292)(x2)(x+7x)(x-5)(x-5)(x+5)(x+5)(x+4)(x+1)(x)(x-1)(x)Review
::回顾Find the LCD.
::找到液晶显示器-
::3x, 7x -
::x-2, 2x-1 -
::x2-9, x2-x-6 -
::4x, x2-6x -
::x2-4, x2+4x+4, x2+3x-10
Perform the indicated operation.
::执行指示的操作 。-
::53x+x2 -
::x+1x2-57x -
::x-54x+3x+2 -
::52x+6+x-2x2+2x-3 -
::4x+32x2+11x-6-3x-12x2-x -
::x3x2+x-2-2-2-15x-10 -
::3xx2-3x-3x-10+x1x2-2-2x-2-15-2x2+5x6 -
::7+xx2-2x-x-x-x-63x2+5x-x-x-43x2-x-10 -
::3x+2x2-1-10x-75x2+5x+3x-1 -
::x+62x-1+2x3x+2-5x
Review (Answers)
::回顾(答复)Click to see the answer key or go to the Table of Contents and click on the Answer Key under the 'Other Versions' option.
::单击可查看答题键, 或转到目录中, 单击“ 其他版本” 选项下的答题键 。 -
Add
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