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  • General

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  • 蛋白营养

    Euglena, a protist capable of photosynthesis and heterotrophic feeding.

    What can photosynthesize AND hunt for food?
    ::光合作用和捕猎什么食物?

    No, there are no man-eating plants or leaf-growing . The idea of an organism both photosynthesizing and hunting for food might seem strange, but this isn't science fiction. These organisms, examples of Euglena , are that can feed like an animal or use the energy of the sun to make food like a plant.
    ::不,没有吃人植物或种植叶子。生物体的光合和捕食似乎似乎很奇怪,但这不是科幻小说。这些生物体,例如欧格伦娜,可以像动物一样喂食,也可以用太阳的能量做成植物的食物。

    Protists Nutrition
    ::营养

    The of protists need to perform all of the functions that other cells do, such as grow and reproduce, maintain , and obtain energy. They also need to obtain "food" to provide the energy to perform these functions.
    ::原生者需要履行其他细胞所做的所有功能,如生长和繁殖、维护和获取能源。 他们也需要获得“食物 ” , 以提供履行这些功能所需的能量。

    Recall that protists can be plant-like, fungi-like, or animal-like. That means that protists can obtain food like plants, , or animals do. There are many plant-like protists, such as , that get their energy from sunlight through . Some of the fungus-like protists, such as the ( Figure ), decompose decaying matter. The animal-like protists must "eat" or ingest food.
    ::提醒人们,原生者可以是植物类、真菌类或动物类。这意味着原生者可以获得植物类、真菌类或动物类的食物。许多植物类原生者可以从阳光中获取能量,比如:从阳光中获取能量。有些像真菌类的原生者,比如(图 ) , 分解腐烂物质。 动物类原生者必须“吃”或食”食物。

    Some animal-like protists use their "tails" to eat. These protists are called filter feeders . They acquire nutrients by constantly whipping their tails, called flagellum , back and forth. The whipping of the flagellum creates a current that brings food into the protist.
    ::一些像动物一样的先锋主义者用他们的“尾巴”来吃东西。这些先锋者被称为过滤支线。他们通过不断鞭打尾巴来获取营养。 尾尾巴被称为旗鼓,来回抽打。 鞭打旗鼓创造了一种能把食物带进先锋的洋流。

    Other animal-like protists must "swallow" their food through a process called endocytosis . Endocytosis happens when a cell takes in substances through its membrane. The process is described below:
    ::其他动物类先质学家必须通过一个叫做内分泌中毒的过程“吞噬”他们的食物。当细胞通过膜吸收物质时,会发生内分泌中毒。该过程说明如下:

    1. The protist wraps around its prey , which is usually .
      ::骨质生物环绕着猎物 通常就是猎物
    2. It creates a food vacuole , a sort of "food storage compartment," around the bacteria.
      ::它在细菌周围产生一种食物真空, 一种“食物储藏室”, 一种“食物储藏室”。
    3. The protist produces toxins which paralyze its prey.
      ::蛋白质产生毒素 使猎物瘫痪
    4. Once digested, the food material moves through the vacuole and into the cytoplasm of the protist.
      ::一旦消化后,食物材料会穿过真空体,进入原体的细胞图层。

    Also, some of the animal-like and fungi-like protists are parasitic, harming their hosts as they obtain nutrients. Fungi-like protists absorb nutrients meant for their host , harming the host in the process.
    ::此外,有些动物类和真菌类的原生者是寄生虫,在获得营养物时会伤害宿主。 象真菌类的原生虫吸收宿主的养分,在这个过程中会伤害宿主。

    A yellow, branched fungus-like protist growing on decaying wood.
    Slime molds live on decaying plant life and in the soil.

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • Some protists are plant-like and photosynthesize.
      ::一些原生者是植物类和光合体。
    • Some protists absorb nutrients from decaying matter like a fungus.
      ::一些原生生物吸收了腐烂物质的养分 像真菌一样
    • Some protists hunt their food or act as parasites.
      ::一些原生者猎食或充当寄生虫。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. How do algae obtain food?
      ::藻类如何获得食物?
    2. How do animal-like protists "swallow" their prey?
      ::象动物一样的原生主义者 如何"软软"他们的猎物?
    3. What is a filter feeder?
      ::什么是过滤器支线?
    4. How do slime molds get their energy?
      ::粘土模具是如何得到能量的?