9.18 昆虫的重要性
章节大纲
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Would you like to try a grasshopper taco?
::你想尝尝草玉米卷吗?It might seem disgusting to you, but are an important food source in many places across the globe. Crickets, ants, grasshoppers, and other insects are traditional foods in parts of Latin America, Africa, and Asia.
::这也许令你感到恶心,但在全球许多地方都是重要的食物来源。 、蚂蚁、和其他昆虫是拉丁美洲、非洲和亚洲部分地区的传统食物。Importance of Insects
::昆虫的重要性Many insects are considered to be pests by humans. However, insects are also very important for numerous reasons.
::许多昆虫被人类视为害虫,但由于多种原因,昆虫也非常重要。Ecological Importance
::生态重要性Insects can be found in every environment on Earth. While a select few insects, such as the Wooly Bear Moth, live in the harsh Arctic climate , the majority of insects are found in the warm and moist tropics. Insects have adapted to a broad range of habitats , successfully finding their own niche , because they will eat almost any substance that has nutritional value.
::昆虫可以在地球上的每一个环境中找到。 少数昆虫,如伍利熊月,生活在严酷的北极气候中,但大多数昆虫却在温暖和潮湿的热带中发现。 昆虫已经适应了广泛的生境,成功地找到了自己的位置,因为它们将吃几乎所有有营养价值的物质。Insects are crucial components of many , where they perform many important functions. They aerate the soil , pollinate blossoms, and control insect and plant pests. Many insects, especially beetles, are scavengers , feeding on dead and fallen trees, thereby recycling nutrients back into the soil. As decomposers , insects help create top soil, the nutrient-rich layer of soil that helps plants grow. Burrowing bugs, such as ants and beetles, dig tunnels that provide channels for , benefiting plants. Bees, wasps, butterflies, and ants pollinate flowering plants ( Figure ). Gardeners love the big-eyed bug and praying mantis because they control the size of certain insect , such as aphids and caterpillars, which feed on new . Finally, all insects fertilize the soil with the nutrients from their droppings.
::昆虫是许多重要功能的关键组成部分,它们在那里可以发挥许多重要功能。它们可以灌溉土壤,授粉花花,控制昆虫和植物害虫。许多昆虫,特别是甲虫,都是拾荒者,在死树和倒树上觅食,从而将养分再回土壤。作为分解者,昆虫帮助创造顶层土壤,富含营养的土壤层,帮助植物生长。埋虫虫,如蚂蚁和甲虫,挖隧道,为植物提供渠道,使植物受益。蜜蜂、黄蜂、蝴蝶和蚂蚁授粉花植物(图示 ) 。园丁喜欢大眼睛的虫,祈祷虫,因为它们控制着某些昆虫的大小,例如虫和毛虫,它们依靠新的。最后,所有昆虫都用粪土中的养分化土壤。Bees are important pollinators of flowering plants.
::蜜蜂是开花植物的重要授粉者Economic Importance
::经济重要性Insects have tremendous economic importance. Some insects produce useful substances, such as honey, wax, lacquer, and silk . Honeybees have been raised by humans for thousands of years for honey. The silkworm greatly affected human history. When the Chinese used worms to develop silk, the silk trade connected China to the rest of the world. Adult insects, such as crickets, as well as insect larvae , are also commonly used as fishing bait.
::昆虫具有巨大的经济重要性。 某些昆虫生产了蜂蜜、蜡、花粉和丝绸等有用物质。 蜂蜜被人类养大了数千年。 丝虫对人类历史影响极大。 当中国人用蠕虫来发展丝绸时,丝绸贸易将中国与世界其他国家连接起来。 诸如板球和幼虫等成年昆虫也经常被用作渔饵。Insects as Food
::作为食物的昆虫Insects, of course, are not just eaten by people. Insects are the sole food source for many , , , and mammals , making their roles in and food webs extremely important. It is possible that food webs could collapse if insect populations decline.
::当然,昆虫不仅仅是被人们吃掉的。 昆虫是许多动物、动物和哺乳动物的唯一食物来源,使他们的角色和食物网变得极其重要。 如果昆虫人口减少,食物网有可能崩溃。In some parts of the world, insects are used for food by humans. Insects are a rich source of , vitamins , and minerals , and are prized as delicacies in many third-world countries. In fact, it is difficult to find an insect that is not eaten in one form or another by people. Among the most popular are cicadas, locusts, mantises, grubs, caterpillars, crickets, ants, and wasps. Many people support this idea to provide a source of protein in human nutrition. From South America to Japan, people eat roasted insects, like grasshoppers or beetles.
::在世界的一些地区,昆虫被人类用作食物,昆虫是丰富的维他命和矿物质来源,被许多第三世界国家视为美食。 事实上,很难找到没有被人们以某种形式吃掉的昆虫。 在最受欢迎的昆虫中,有类、蝗虫、类、小熊、毛虫、毛虫、板球、蚂蚁和黄蜂。许多人支持这种为人类营养提供蛋白质来源的想法。从南美到日本,人们吃烤的昆虫,如或蜜蜂。Insects in Medicine
::医药中的昆虫Insects have also been used in medicine. In the past, fly larvae ( maggots ) were used to treat wounds to prevent or stop gangrene. Gangrene is caused by infection of dead flesh. Maggots only eat dead flesh, so when they are placed on the dead flesh of humans, they actually clean the wound and can prevent infection. Some hospitals still use this type of treatment.
::昆虫也被用于医学,过去曾用幼虫治疗伤口,以防止或阻止坏疽。 甘甘因肉身感染而致甘甘甘,只吃死肉,所以当它们被放在人肉的死肉上时,它们实际上可以清洗伤口,防止感染。有些医院仍然使用这种治疗方法。Summary
::摘要-
In the environment, some insects pollinate flowering plants.
::在环境中,一些昆虫授粉于花卉植物。 -
Insects produce useful substances, such as honey, wax, lacquer, and silk.
::昆虫生产有用的物质,如蜂蜜、蜡、花粉和丝绸。 -
Insects are food sources in some parts of the world.
::在世界一些地区,昆虫是食物的来源。
Explore More
::探索更多Use the resources below to answer the questions that follow.
::利用以下资源回答以下问题。Explore More I
::探索更多-
Maggot Medicine
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(3:33)
::3:33的麦加药店(3:33)
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What characteristic of maggots make them useful in medicine?
::何以其特性使其在医学上有用? -
How do maggots help wounds heal?
::老鼠如何帮助伤口愈合?
Review
::回顾-
Where are the majority of insects found?
::大多数昆虫在哪里被发现? -
Name two ways in which insects are important to the ecosystem.
::指出昆虫对生态系统很重要的两种方式。 -
Give three examples of insects that act as pollinators.
::举三个昆虫作为授粉者的例子。 -
List three products produced by insects.
::列出昆虫生产的三种产品。 -
Give an example of how insects are used in medicine?
::举例来说明昆虫是如何在药物中使用的?
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In the environment, some insects pollinate flowering plants.
