章节大纲

  • 常规

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  • 月经周期

    Circular diagram illustrating the menstrual cycle phases and menstruation timing.

    What happens during the menstrual cycle?
    ::月经周期会怎样?

    When you think of the menstrual cycle, you probably think of the discharge of that happens during menstruation . This is only one small part of the female monthly cycle, however.
    ::当你想到月经周期时,你可能会想到月经期间发生的月经周期。不过,这只是女性月经周期的一小部分。

    The Female Monthly Cycle
    ::女性月月周期

    The menstrual cycle is a series of changes in the reproductive system of mature females that repeats every month. While the egg and follicle are developing in the ovary , tissues are building up inside the uterus , the reproductive organ where the baby would develop. The uterus develops a thick lining covered in tiny . This prepares the uterus to receive an egg that could develop into a child (a fertilized egg). The occurs during the first part of the cycle.
    ::月经周期是成年雌性生殖系统的一系列变化,每月重复一次。卵子和卵囊在卵巢中发育,组织在子宫内积聚,这是婴儿发育的生殖器官。子宫内积聚了一个细小的厚内衬。这为子宫接收一个可以发展成孩子的卵(受精卵)做好准备。这发生在周期的第一部分。

    Ovulation , the release of an egg from the ovary, occurs at about the midpoint of the cycle. This would be around day 14 of a 28 day cycle. The egg is swept into the fallopian tube . If is present, may occur. As sperm can only survive in the fallopian tube for up to a few days, fertilization can only occur within those few days post-ovulation.
    ::卵卵从卵巢中释放出来,大约在周期的中点。 大约在28天周期的第14天左右。 卵被扫入输卵管。 如果存在, 可能发生。 由于精子只能在输卵管中存活几天, 授精只能在排卵后几天内发生。

    If the egg is fertilized, the egg makes its way through the fallopian tube into the uterus, where it imbeds into the thick lining. When this occurs, the monthly cycle stops. The monthly cycle does not resume until the is over.
    ::如果卵被施肥,卵就会通过输卵管进入子宫,并嵌入厚内衬。一旦发生这种情况,月周期就会停止。直到结束,月周期才会恢复。

    If a sperm does not enter an egg, the lining of the uterus breaks down. Blood and other tissues from the lining break off from the uterus. They pass through the vagina and out of the body. This is called menstruation . Menstruation is also called a menstrual period. It lasts about 4 days, on average. When the menstrual period ends, the cycle repeats. Some women feel discomfort during this process.
    ::精子 不 进 蛋 、 子宫 的 内衬 破裂 、 子宫 的 血 和其他 组织 、 与 子宫 的 衬内 断裂 、 穿过 阴道 和 身体 、 这叫 月经 、 月经 也 称为 月经 、 平均 持续 4 天 、 月经 结束 、 周期 重复 、 有些 妇女 感到 不舒服 。

    Some people think that the average length of a menstrual period is the same as the “normal” length. They assume that shorter or longer menstrual periods are not normal. In fact, menstrual periods can vary from 1 to 8 days in length. This is usually normal. The average length of the cycle (time between menstrual periods) is about 28 days, but there is no “normal” cycle length.
    ::一些人认为月经期的平均长度与“正常”长度相同,他们认为月经期较短或更长是不正常的,事实上月经期从1天到8天不等,这通常是正常的。周期的平均长度(月经期之间的时间)约为28天,但没有“正常”周期长度。

    A person holding their abdomen, indicating discomfort or cramping, related to menstruation.

    Some women experience cramping and pain before and during menstruation.
    ::有些妇女在月经前后和经期经历抽筋和疼痛。

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • The menstrual cycle is a monthly cycle of changes in the ovaries and uterus.
      ::月经周期是卵巢和子宫每月变化的周期。
    • During menstruation, blood and other tissues from the lining of the uterus are shed and exit the body.
      ::在经期期间,子宫衬里的血液和其他组织被流出并离开身体。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. What happens in the uterus as the egg and follicle are developing in the ovary? Why is this necessary?
      ::卵子和卵囊在卵巢中发育时,子宫里会发生什么情况?
    2. What happens to the uterus if the egg is not fertilized?
      ::如果蛋没有受精,子宫会怎样?
    3. Explain what happens during menstruation.
      ::解释月经期间发生的事