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  • 青春期和青少年

    A boy with dark hair shaving in a bathroom, indicating the onset of puberty.

    How do you know you are entering ?
    ::你怎么知道你正在进入?

    The first signs of puberty appear at different times for different people. A boy might realize he's reached puberty when he starts needing to shave. A girl, on the other hand, starts getting her menstrual period during puberty.
    ::不同的人在不同的时间出现青春期的最初迹象。当男孩开始需要刮胡子时,他可能会意识到自己已经达到青春期。另一方面,女孩在青春期开始获得月经期。

    Puberty and Adolescence
    ::青春期和青少年

    Puberty is the stage of life when a child becomes sexually mature. Puberty lasts from about 12 to 18 years of age in boys and from about 10 to 16 years of age in girls. The age when puberty begins is different from one child to another. Children that begin puberty much earlier or later than their peers may feel self-conscious. They may also worry that something is wrong with them. Usually, an early or late puberty is perfectly normal.
    ::胎儿是儿童性成熟的人生阶段,男孩的胎儿年龄从12岁到18岁,女孩从10岁到16岁不等,青春期开始的年龄从一个孩子到另一个孩子有所不同,开始青春期的时间比同龄人早或晚的儿童可能感到自觉,他们也可能担心自己有问题。通常,早或晚的青春期是完全正常的。

    In boys, puberty begins when the pituitary gland tells the testes to secrete testosterone . Testosterone causes the following to happen:
    ::在男孩中,当脑垂体腺让睾丸分泌睾丸激素时,青春期就开始了。

    1. The penis and testes grow.
      ::阴茎和睾丸长起来了
    2. The testes start making .
      ::睾丸开始做。
    3. Pubic and facial hair grow.
      ::脸部毛发长出紫外线和脸部毛发
    4. The shoulders broaden, and the voice becomes deeper.
      ::肩膀扩大,声音更深

    In girls, puberty begins when the pituitary gland tells the ovaries to secrete estrogen . Estrogen causes the following to happen:
    ::在女孩中,当脑垂体腺让卵巢分泌雌激素时,青春期就开始了。

    1. The uterus and ovaries grow.
      ::子宫和卵巢生长
    2. The ovaries start releasing eggs .
      ::卵巢开始释放卵子
    3. The begins.
      ::开始
    4. Pubic hair grows.
      ::毛发长长了。
    5. The hips widen, and the breasts develop.
      ::臀部扩大,胸部发展

    Boys and girls are close to the same height during childhood . In both boys and girls, growth in height and weight is very fast during puberty. But boys grow faster than girls during puberty. Their period of fast growth also lasts longer. By the end of puberty, boys are an average of 10 centimeters (4 inches) taller than girls.
    ::男童和女童在童年时期的身高接近同一高度,在男童和女童中,身高和体重的增长在青春期非常快,但男童在青春期比女童生长更快,其快速成长期也更长,在青春期结束时,男童平均比女童高10厘米(4英寸)。

    Adolescence
    ::青少年 青少年

    Adolescence is the period of life between the start of puberty and the beginning of . Adolescence includes the physical changes of puberty. It also includes many other changes, including significant mental, emotional, and social changes. During adolescence:
    ::青少年是指从青春期开始到青春期开始的生命周期。青少年包括青春期的身体变化,还包括许多其他变化,包括重大的心理、情感和社会变化。

    • Teenagers develop new thinking abilities. For example, they can think about abstract ideas, such as freedom. They are also better at thinking logically. They are usually better at solving problems as well.
      ::青少年发展新的思维能力。 比如,他们可以思考抽象思想,比如自由。他们也比较有逻辑思维能力。他们通常也比较善于解决问题。
    • Teenagers try to establish a sense of who they are as individuals. They may try to become more independent from their parents. Most teens also have emotional ups and downs. This is partly due to changing levels.
      ::青少年试图建立他们作为个体的自我意识。 他们可能会尝试更加独立于父母。 大多数青少年情绪上下起伏起伏。 这部分是由于水平的变化。
    • Teenagers usually spend much more time with peers than with family members.
      ::青少年与同龄人相处的时间通常比与家庭成员相处的时间多得多。

    Two teenage girls posing happily outdoors, showing friendship and excitement.

    These teens are good friends. Like most teens, they spend more time with one another than they do with family members. What do you enjoy doing with your friends?
    ::这些十几岁的孩子是好朋友。和大多数十几岁的孩子一样,他们彼此相处的时间比他们与家人相处的时间多。你们喜欢和朋友在一起做什么?

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • A child becomes sexually mature during puberty.
      ::儿童在青春期性成熟。
    • Adolescence includes the physical changes of puberty among other changes.
      ::青少年除其他变化外,还包括青春期的身体变化。

    Explore More
    ::探索更多

    Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.
    ::利用以下资源回答以下问题。

    • Puberty at (3:04)
      :sad3:04时)
    1. What is puberty? Are the first changes of puberty visible? What are they?
      ::青春期是什么?青春期的最初变化是显而易见的吗?它们是什么?
    2. What is the average age that girls start puberty? When do physical changes usually appear?
      ::女孩开始青春期的平均年龄是多少?身体变化通常何时出现?
    3. What is the average age that boys start puberty? When do physical changes usually appear?
      ::男孩开始青春期的平均年龄是多少?身体变化通常何时出现?
    4. What kinds of non-physical changes may occur during puberty?
      ::在青春期会发生何种非物质变化?

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. When does puberty occur in boys? In girls?
      ::男孩何时会进入青春期?
    2. What changes occur during puberty in boys?
      ::男孩在青春期发生什么变化?
    3. What changes occur during puberty in girls?
      ::女孩在青春期发生什么变化?
    4. What is adolescence?
      ::什么是青春期?
    5. Along with physical changes, what else changes during adolescence?
      ::除了身体的改变之外,青少年时期还有什么变化?