12.31 养护
章节大纲
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How can you help conserve our natural resources ?
::你们如何保护我们的自然资源?Reduce, reuse, and recycle. There are steps that you personally can take to conserve our natural resources and reduce waste. The waste that an individual creates is small in proportion to all the waste produced by society. Yet all small contributions, when added up, make a difference.
::减少、再利用和再循环。你个人可以采取一些步骤来保护我们的自然资源和减少废物。 个人创造的废物与社会产生的所有废物相比比例很小。 然而,所有微小的贡献,加在一起,都会有所作为。Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle
::减少、再利用和再循环Why conserve resources? During your lifetime, it is possible that the world may run out of some , especially as the passes 8 then 9 billion people. So it is necessary to try to make these resources last as long as possible. You may have heard people say, "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle." You may know that this is the slogan of the campaign to conserve resources. But what do each one of those words truly mean?
::为何要节约资源?在你的一生中,世界可能会失去一些资源,特别是超过8亿和90亿人口。因此,必须尽量使这些资源持续尽可能久。你可能听到人们说,“减少、再利用、循环”。你可能知道这是保护资源运动的口号。但每一个字都真正意味着什么?Reduce
::减少What exactly does it mean to reduce ? Reducing means decreasing the amount of waste we create. That could also mean cutting down on use of natural resources. In addition, many ways to reduce also result in saving money. Minimizing of waste may be difficult to achieve for individuals and households, but here are some starting points that you can include in your daily routine to reduce the use of resources:
::减少意味着什么? 减少意味着减少我们创造的废物数量,这还意味着减少自然资源的使用,此外,减少浪费的许多方法也会导致节约资金。 减少浪费对于个人和家庭来说可能很难实现,但这里有一些起点,你可以在日常工作中包括,以减少资源的使用:-
Turn lights off when not using them.
::不使用灯就关灯 -
Turn the television off when no one is watching.
::没人看的时候就把电视关了 -
Replace burned out bulbs with ones that are more energy-efficient (
Figure
).
::将燃烧的灯泡替换为更节能的灯泡(图)。 -
Reduce
use by turning off faucets when not using water.
::不用水时关闭水龙头,减少用水。 -
Use low-flow shower heads, which save on water and use less
energy
.
::使用低流量淋浴头,节约用水,减少能源使用。 -
Use low-flush and composting toilets.
::使用低潮和堆肥厕所。 -
Put kitchen and garden waste into a compost pile.
::把厨房和花园的垃圾放进堆肥堆里 -
In the summer, change filters on your air conditioner and use as little air
conditioning
as possible. The use of air conditioning uses a lot of energy.
::夏天,在空调机上更换过滤器,尽量少使用空调。空调的使用需要大量能量。 -
In winter, make sure your furnace is working properly and make sure there is enough insulation on windows and doors.
::在冬天,确保你的炉子正常工作 确保窗户和门上有足够的隔热剂 -
Mend broken or worn items instead of buying new ones.
::修补破损或破损的物品,而不是购买新的物品。 -
When you go shopping for items, buy quantities you know you will use without waste.
::当你去买东西时, 买些东西, 你知道你不用浪费就会用到的。 -
Walk or bicycle instead of using an automobile, in
order
to save on fuel usage and costs, and to cut down on pollution.
::步行或自行车而不是使用汽车,以节省燃料使用和费用,并减少污染。 -
When buying a new vehicle, check into hybrid, semi-hybrid, or electric models to cut down on gas usage and
.
::购买新车时, 检查混合型、半混合型或电动型号,
These fluorescent light bulbs are much more energy efficient than standard light bulbs.
::这些荧光灯灯泡比标准灯泡能效高得多。Reuse
::重新使用Let’s now look at what we can reuse . Reusing includes using the same item again for the same function and also using an item again for a new function. Reuse can have both economic and environmental benefits. New packaging regulations are helping society to move towards these goals. Water is a resource that can be reused for numerous purposes. You may not drink used water, but it is quite useful for other purposes. Some ways of reusing resources include:
::现在让我们看看我们可以重新使用什么。 重新使用包括在同一功能中再次使用同一物品,并再次使用同一物品来进行新的功能。 重新使用可以同时带来经济和环境效益。 新的包装条例正在帮助社会朝着这些目标迈进。 水是一种可以再利用的资源,可以用于多种目的。 你可能不饮用废水,但对其他目的非常有用。 某些再利用资源的方式包括:-
Use reusable bags when shopping.
::购物时使用可再使用的袋。 -
Use gray water. Water that has been used for laundry, for example, can be used to water the garden or flush toilets.
::使用灰水:例如,用于洗衣的水可用于给花园或抽水马桶浇水。 -
At the town level, purified sewage water can be used for fountains, watering public parks or golf courses, fire fighting, and irrigating crops.
::在城镇一级,净化的污水可用于喷泉、为公园或高尔夫球场供水、灭火和灌溉作物。 -
Rain can be caught in rain barrels and used to water your garden.
::雨水可以夹在雨桶里,用来为花园浇水。
What are some other ways to reuse resources?
::重新利用资源的其他方法是什么?Recycle
::再循环Now we move on to recycle. Sometimes it may be difficult to understand the differences between reusing and recycling . Recycling involves processing used materials in order to make them suitable for other uses. That usually means taking a used item, breaking it down, and reusing the pieces. Even though recycling requires extra energy, it does often make use of items which are broken, worn out, or cannot be reused.
::现在,我们接着进行再循环。有时,可能很难理解再利用和再循环之间的区别。再利用涉及加工废旧材料,以便使之适合其他用途。这通常意味着取用用过的物品,拆解它,再利用碎片。即使回收需要额外的能源,它也经常使用破碎、磨损或无法再利用的物品。The things that are commonly recycled include:
::通常回收的物品包括:-
Batteries.
::电池。 -
Biodegradable waste.
::可生物降解废物。 -
Electronics.
::电子。 -
Iron and steel.
::钢铁和钢铁。 -
Aluminum (
Figure
).
::铝 (图 ) 。 -
Glass.
::玻璃杯 玻璃杯 玻璃杯 Glass. -
Paper.
::纸张。 -
Plastic.
::塑料。 -
Textiles, such as clothing.
::纺织品,例如服装。 -
Timber.
::木材。 -
Tires.
::轮胎。
These aluminum cans are packed together in a recycling plant to be reused.
::这些铝罐被包装在一个回收厂,再利用。Each type of recyclable requires a different recycling technique. Here are some things you can do to recycle in your home, school, or community:
::每种可回收的废物都需要一种不同的回收技术。以下是您可以在家庭、学校或社区进行回收的一些事情:-
If you have recycling in your community, make sure you separate aluminum, plastics, glass, and paper products.
::如果您在社区有回收利用,请务必将铝、塑料、玻璃和纸制品分开。 -
See if your school recycles. If not, you and some friends could start a recycling club, or organize efforts to better recycling goals.
::如果不是,你和一些朋友可以开始一个回收俱乐部,或者组织努力改进回收目标。
Laws can also be created to make sure people and companies reduce, reuse, and recycle. Individuals can vote for leaders who stand for sustainable ecological practices. They can also tell their leaders to make wise use of natural resources . You can also influence companies. If you and your family only buy from companies and restaurants that support recycling or eco-friendly packaging, then other companies will also change to be more environmentally friendly.
::个人可以投票给支持可持续生态实践的领导人,也可以让领导人明智地利用自然资源,也可以影响公司。如果你和你的家人只能从支持回收或生态友好包装的公司和餐馆购买,那么其他公司也会改变为更环保。Science Friday : The Big Sort: An Insider's Tour of a Recycling Plant
::科学星期五:大类:内幕参观回收厂This video by Science Friday shows the Sims Municipal Recycling facility in Sunset Park, Brooklyn, where roughly 800 tons of recyclables meander through a tangle of machines, scanners, and conveyor belts every day.
::这段影片由科学星期五拍摄, 展示布鲁克林日落公园的西姆斯市政回收设施, 每天约有800吨可回收的回收物通过机器、扫描仪和传送带串连,Summary
::摘要-
Reducing waste, as well as reusing and recycling resources, can help save natural resources
::减少浪费,以及再利用和回收利用资源,可有助于节约自然资源 -
Consumers can influence companies to become more environmentally friendly.
::消费者可以影响公司变得更环保。
Explore More
::探索更多Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.
::利用以下资源回答以下问题。-
In Cairo Slum, the Poor Spark Environmental Change
at
::开罗贫民窟
-
What are the Zabaleen?
::什么是萨巴林? -
Why are solar water heaters beneficial?
::为什么太阳能热水器有益?
See Cairo puts its faith in ragpickers to manage the city's waste problem at for additional information on the Zabaleen.
::开罗相信拾荒者会管理城市的废物问题,Review
::回顾-
What are four examples of recyclable materials?
::可再循环材料的四个例子是什么? -
What are two ways you can reduce the amount of waste you create?
::你用什么两种方法来减少你创造的废物数量? -
What are two ways of reusing materials?
::两种利用材料的方法是什么?
-
Turn lights off when not using them.
