20.12 系列和平行电路
Section outline
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Only a licensed professional electrician like this one is qualified to install or repair the electrical system inside a home. It’s a complicated system that consists of a maze of electric .
::只有像他这样的有执照的专业电工才有资格在家中安装或修理电力系统。 这是一个复杂的系统,由电迷宫组成。One Loop or Two?
::一圈还是二圈?An electric circuit consists of at least one closed loop through which electric current can flow. Every circuit has a voltage source such as a battery and a conductor such as metal wire. A circuit may have other parts as well, such as lights and switches. In addition, a circuit may consist of one loop or two loops.
::电路由至少一个闭路环组成,电流可以通过该环流。每条电路都有电压源,例如电池和导电器,例如金属线。电路可能还有其他部件,例如灯光和开关。此外,电路可能由一圈或两圈组成。Series Circuit
::系列电路A circuit that consists of one loop is called a series circuit . You can see a simple series circuit below. If a series circuit is interrupted at any point in its single loop, no current can flow through the circuit and no devices in the circuit will work. In the series circuit below, if one light bulb burns out, the other light bulb won’t work because it won’t receive any current. Series circuits are commonly used in flashlights.
::由一个循环组成的电路称为序列电路。 您可以在下面看到一个简单的序列电路。 如果一个序列电路在其单一循环的任何一点中断, 电流无法通过电路, 电路中没有任何设备能起作用。 在下面的序列电路中, 如果一个灯泡烧断, 另一个灯泡不会起作用, 因为它不会接收任何电流 。 序列电路通常用于手电筒 。Q: If one light bulb burns out in this series circuit, how can you tell which bulb it is?
::问题:如果在这个系列电路中有一个灯泡烧坏,你怎么知道是哪个灯泡?A: It may not be obvious, because neither bulb will light if one is burned out. You can tell which one it is only by replacing first one bulb and then the other to see which replacement results in both bulbs lighting up.
::A: 可能并不明显, 因为如果一个灯泡被烧熄, 灯泡都不会亮。 您可以通过替换第一个灯泡来判断哪一个灯泡, 然后换一个灯泡来判断替代两个灯泡的灯泡会点亮哪个灯泡。Parallel Circuit
::平行电路A circuit that has two loops is called a parallel circuit . A simple parallel circuit is sketched below. If one loop of a parallel circuit is interrupted, current can still flow through the other loop. In the parallel circuit below, if one light bulb burns out, the other light bulb will still work because current can bypass the burned-out bulb. The wiring in a house consists of parallel circuits.
::有两个循环的电路称为平行电路。下面绘制了一个简单的平行电路。如果一个平行电路的循环中断,水流仍然可以穿过另一个循环。在下面的平行电路中,如果一个灯泡烧断,另一个灯泡仍然有效,因为水流可以绕过燃烧的灯泡。房子的电线由平行电路组成。Will bulbs wired in a series circuit shine brighter than the same bulbs wired in a parallel circuit? Watch the video below to find out:
::连环电路的灯泡会比平行电路的灯泡亮吗?Summary
::摘要-
An electric circuit consists of one or two closed loops through which current can flow. It has a voltage source and a conductor and may have other devices such as lights and switches.
::电路由一条或两条闭路环组成,水流可以通过,电路有电压源和导电器,可能有灯光和开关等其他装置。 -
A circuit that consists of one loop is called a series circuit. If its single loop is interrupted at any point, no current can flow through the circuit.
::由一个循环组成的电路称为序列电路。如果单个循环在任何一点被中断,任何电流都无法通过电路流。 -
A circuit that consists of two loops is called a parallel circuit. If one loop of a parallel circuit is interrupted, current can still flow through the other loop.
::由两圈组成的电路称为平行电路。如果一个平行电路的循环中断,电流仍然可以通过另一个循环流过。
Review
::回顾-
Compare and contrast series and parallel circuits.
::比较和对比序列 和平行电路。 -
Create a sketch of a parallel circuit that contains a voltage source and two light bulbs.
::绘制一个平行电路的草图,其中含有电压源和两个灯泡。
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An electric circuit consists of one or two closed loops through which current can flow. It has a voltage source and a conductor and may have other devices such as lights and switches.
