Section outline

  • General

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  • 第3股:基本谅解、词汇和目标

    Unit 3 - Basic Understandings
    ::3股 - 基本谅解

    • In a free enterprise system the individual has choices as a producer and a consumer.
      ::在自由企业系统中,个人作为生产者和消费者有选择权。
    • The U.S. economy is characterized by a variety of business models.
      ::美国经济的特点是各种商业模式。
    • Business owners have the right to own, use, and dispose of property, yet also have the responsibility to follow government regulations.
      ::企业所有者有权拥有、使用和处置财产,但也有责任遵守政府条例。
    • Economic growth is fostered by innovation, productivity, and technology and is measured by key indicators.
      ::经济增长得到创新、生产力和技术的促进,并以关键指标来衡量。

     

    Unit 3 - Vocabulary
    ::3单元 - 词汇

    entrepreneurship - the willingness and innovation needed to risk starting a business
    ::创业----创业风险所需的意愿和创新

    sole proprietorship - a business owned and managed by a single individual
    ::独资独资企业 -- -- 由单一个人拥有和管理的企业

    partnership - a business owned and managed by two or more individuals as co-owners
    ::伙伴关系 -- -- 由作为共同所有人的两个或两个以上个人拥有和管理的企业

    corporation - a business owned by shareholders and managed by directors and executives
    ::由股东拥有并由董事和行政人员管理的企业

    business cycle - a repetitive pattern of growth and decline in economic activity
    ::商业周期 -- -- 经济活动的重复增长和下降模式

    inflation - a general increase in the price of goods and services
    ::- 通货膨胀 -- -- 货物和服务价格普遍上涨

    Gross Domestic Product - the market value of all goods and services produced in a country during a specific time period
    ::国内生产总值 -- -- 一国在特定时期内生产的所有商品和服务的市场价值

    unemployment - condition in which those seeking jobs are unable to find jobs
    ::失业 -- -- 求职者无法找到工作的状况

    productivity - a measure of the efficiency of the production of goods and services
    ::- 衡量商品和服务生产效率

     

    Unit 3 - Related Vocabulary
    ::第3股 - 相关词汇

    • economic indicators
      ::经济指标
    • ordinances
      ::法令法令
    • innovation
      ::创新创新
    • expansionary period
      ::扩张期
    • contractionary period
      ::连续基周期
    • housing starts
      ::住房开始
    • retail sales
      ::零售零售销售
    • deregulation
      ::放松管制
    • stocks / bonds
      ::股票/债券

     

     Why Entrepreneurs are Important for the Economy
    ::为何企业家对经济很重要

    Unit 3 TEKS
    ::3 单位 TEKS

    (6) Economics. The student understands the right to own, use, and dispose of private property. The student is expected to:
    :sad6) 经济. 学生了解拥有、使用和处置私人财产的权利。

    (A) analyze the costs and benefits of the purchase, use, or disposal of personal and business property; and
    :sadA) 分析个人和企业财产的购买、使用或处置的成本和收益;以及

    (B) identify and evaluate examples of restrictions that the government places on the use of business and individual property.
    :sadB) 查明和评价政府限制使用企业和个人财产的实例。

    (8) Economics. The student understands types of market structures. The student is expected to:
    :sad8) 经济学. 学生理解市场结构的类型。

    (A) describe characteristics and give examples of pure competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and monopoly; and
    :sadA) 描述纯粹竞争、垄断竞争、寡头垄断和垄断的特点并举例说明;

    (B) identify regulation that apply to the establishment and operation of various types of market structures.
    :sadB) 确定适用于各类市场结构的建立和运作的规则。

    (9) Economics. The student understands key economic measurements. The student is expected to:
    :sad9) 经济学.学生了解关键经济计量标准。

    (A) interpret economic data, including unemployment rate, gross domestic product, gross domestic product per capita as a measure of national wealth, and rate of inflation; and
    :sadA) 解释经济数据,包括失业率、国内生产总值、人均国内生产总值作为衡量国家财富的尺度,以及通货膨胀率;

    (B) analyze business cycles using key economic indicators.
    :sadB) 利用关键经济指标分析商业周期。

    (10) Economics. The student understands key components of economic growth. The student is expected to:
    :sad10) 经济学:学生理解经济增长的关键组成部分。

    (A) analyze how productivity relates to growth;
    :sadA) 分析生产力与增长的关系;

    (B) analyze how technology relates to growth; and
    :sadB) 分析技术与增长的关系;以及

    (C) analyze how trade relates to growth.
    :sadC) 分析贸易与增长的关系。

    (13) Economics. The student understands the role that the government plays in the U.S. free enterprise system. The student is expected to:
    :sad13) 经济学。学生理解政府在美国自由企业体系中扮演的角色。

    (A) describe the role of the government in the U.S. free enterprise system and the changes in that role over time; and
    :sadA) 描述美国政府在美国自由企业系统中的作用以及这一作用随着时间推移发生的变化;以及

    (B) analyze the costs and benefits of U.S. economic policies, rules, and regulation related to the economic goals of economic growth, stability, full employment, freedom, security, equity (equal opportunity versus equal outcome), and efficiency.
    :sadB) 分析美国与经济增长、稳定、充分就业、自由、安全、公平(机会平等与结果平等)以及效率等经济目标有关的经济政策、规则和条例的成本和效益。

    (15) Personal Financial Literacy. The student understands types of business ownership. The student is expected to:
    :sad15) 个人金融知识:学生了解企业所有权的类型。

    (A) explain the characteristics of sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations; and
    :sadA) 解释独资企业、伙伴关系和公司的特点;

    (B) analyze the advantages and disadvantages of  sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations.
    :sadB) 分析独资企业、伙伴关系和公司的利弊。

    (16) Personal Financial Literacy. The student understands the role of financial markets/institutions in saving, borrowing, and capital formation. The student is expected to:
    :sad16) 个人金融知识:学生了解金融市场/机构在储蓄、借贷和资本形成方面的作用。

    (A) explain the functions of financial institutions and how the affect households and businesses;
    :sadA) 解释金融机构的职能及其如何影响家庭和企业;

    (B) explain how the amount of savings in an economy is the basis of capital formation.
    :sadB) 解释一个经济体的储蓄额如何成为资本形成的基础。