6.17 人口
章节大纲
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What you will learn
::你会学到什么-
What is
population size
and how it influences a
::人口规模及其如何影响 -
What are
population density
and distribution
::人口密度和分布 -
Distribution patterns that reflect a population's characteristics and environment
::反映人口特征和环境的分布模式
Is this any way to live?
::这是生存的方法吗?It is if you're a penguin. This population of penguins is made of all the individuals of the same species of penguins who live together. They seem to exist in a very crowded - or densely populated - environment, and in a random configuration.
::如果你是企鹅的话。这群企鹅是由同种企鹅的所有个体构成的,它们共同生活在一起。它们似乎存在于一个非常拥挤或人口稠密的环境中,并且是一种随机结构。Population Size, Density, and Distribution
::人口规模、密度和分布Communities are made up of populations of different species. In biology , a population is a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area. The population is impacted by and evolution. How large a population is and how fast it is growing are often used as measures of its health.
::在生物学上,人口是同一物种的一组生物,受同一区域的影响和演变影响,人口数量多大,生长速度多快,常被用作衡量健康的标准。Population Size
::人口规模Population size is the number of individuals in a population. For example, a population of might consist of 100 individual insects or many more. Population size influences the chances of a species surviving or going extinct. Generally, very small populations are at the greatest risk of extinction . However, the size of a population may be less important than its density.
::人口规模是指人口中的人数,例如,人口规模可能包括100个个别昆虫或更多昆虫,人口规模影响物种生存或灭绝的可能性,一般而言,非常小的人口面临最大的灭绝风险,但人口规模可能不如其密度重要。Population Density
::人口密度Population density is the average number of individuals in a population per unit of area or volume. For example, a population of 100 insects that live in an area of 100 square meters has a density of 1 insect per square meter. If the same population lives in an area of only 1 square meter, what is its density? Which population is more crowded? How might crowding affect the health of a population?
::人口密度是每单位面积或体积的人口平均人数,例如,生活在100平方米面积的100个昆虫人口密度为每平方米1个昆虫。如果同一人口居住在仅1平方米面积的地区,其密度是多少?哪个人口更拥挤?人群挤压会如何影响人口的健康?Population Distribution
::人口分布 人口分布Population density just represents the average number of individuals per unit of area or volume. Often, individuals in a population are not spread out evenly. Instead, they may live in clumps or some other pattern (see the Figure ). The pattern may reflect the characteristics of the species or its environment. Population distribution describes how the individuals are distributed or spread throughout their habitat .
::人口密度只是代表每个单位面积或体积的平均个人数量,通常,人口中的个人分布不均匀,而是可能生活在块状或某种其他形态中(见图 ),这种形态可能反映物种或其环境的特性,人口分布说明个人如何分布或分布于其整个生境。Organisms are clustered together in groups. this may reflect a patchy distribution of resources in the environment. This is the most common pattern of population dispersion. Organisms have an unpredictable distribution. This is typical of species in which individuals do not interact strongly. Organisms are evenly spaced over the area they occupy. This is typical of species in which individuals compete for a scarce environmental resource, such as in a .
Summary
::摘要-
Population size is the number of individuals in a population.
::人口规模是指人口中的人数。 -
Population density is the average number of individuals per unit of area or volume.
::人口密度是每个单位面积或体积的平均人数。 -
The pattern of spacing of individuals in a population may be affected by the characteristics of a species or its environment.
::个人在人口中间隔的模式可能受到物种特征或其环境的影响。
Review
::回顾-
What is population density?
::人口密度是多少? -
What are the differences between population density and distribution?
::人口密度和分布之间的差别是什么? -
A population of 820 insects lives in a 1.2-acre area. They gather nectar from a population of 560 flowering plants. The plants live in a 0.2-acre area. Which population has greater density, the insects or the plants? Why?
::有820个昆虫生活在1.2英亩的地区,它们从560个开花植物中收集花蜜,这些植物生活在0.2英亩的地区,哪些人口密度更高,哪些是昆虫,哪些是植物?为什么? -
What can you infer about a species that has a random pattern of distribution over space? A uniform pattern?
::对于一个有着空间分布随机模式的物种,你能作出什么推论?一个统一的模式?
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What is
population size
and how it influences a
