5.12 国家概念:包括小费和税费在内的总法案

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• 选择节CCIBT: 包括提款和税款在内的总法案

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  CCIBT: 包括提款和税款在内的总法案

  

  Jerod and a few of his friends went to the local Chinese restaurant after seeing a matinee movie. The total of the food they ordered came to $47.50. However,  the restaurant also charges 6% sales tax on the total. The server has left the tip amount up to them as well. If using a credit card, how much will they pay at the restaurant’s register, including sales tax and tip?

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  In this concept, you will learn to find total bills involving tips and taxes .
  ::在此概念中,您将学会找到涉及小费和税费的账单总额。

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  Finding Total Bills Involving Tips and Taxes
  ::涉及提示和税收的账单总额

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  When calculating tips, you add the amount back to the total of the bill for the final cost of the meal. Sometimes, the tip is left in cash on the table. When this happens, you don’t have to add it to the price of the meal. However, when using a credit card, you have to add the tip to the total to be sure that the server receives his/her tip. You also have to add any taxes.
  ::当计算小费时,您需要将小费加到总帐单中,以支付最后的饭费。有时,小费被留在桌上的现金中。如果发生这种情况,您不必将小费加到饭费中。然而,使用信用卡时,您需要将小费加到总帐中,以确保服务器收到小费。您也需要加税。

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  Taxes are monies that are collected by the government to help pay for services such as schools, libraries, roads, and police and fire protection. A sales tax is a tax assessed on an item bought in a store. The rate of sales tax is given as a percent. You can find the amount of sales tax by using the following formula:
  ::税收是指政府为帮助支付学校、图书馆、道路、警察和消防等服务费而征收的税款。销售税是对商店购买的物品征收的税款。销售税率以百分比表示。您可以通过下列公式找到销售税的数额:

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  $$\begin{array}{r}\text{Amount of sales tax}=\text{price}\times \text{rate of sales tax}\end{array}$$

  
  ::销售税额=价格x销售税税率

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  After you calculate the amount of a tax using the percentage and the formula, you have to add it to an original amount. With sales tax, this is especially important.
  ::在使用百分比和公式计算税额后,必须将其添加到原始金额中。这对销售税特别重要。

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  Let’s look at an example.
  ::让我们举个例子。

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  Emily bought a jacket for $85. If the sales tax is 7.5%, find the total cost of the jacket.
  ::Emily买了一件夹克85美元,如果销售税为7.5%,就找出夹克的总成本。

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  First, find the amount of sales tax.
  ::首先,找到销售税的金额。

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  $$\begin{array}{r}7.5\mathrm{\%}\text{of}\mathrm{\$}85=0.075\times \mathrm{\$}85=\mathrm{\$}6.375\end{array}$$

  
  ::85=0.075x美元85=6.375美元的7.5%

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  You need to round $6.375 to the nearest penny, which is $6.38.
  ::你需要6 375美元到最近的一分钱, 也就是6.38美元。

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  Then, add the original price of the jacket and the sales tax.
  ::然后加上夹克和销售税的原价

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}85+\mathrm{\$}6.38=\mathrm{\$}91.38\end{array}$$

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  The total cost of the jacket, with sales tax, is $91.38.
  ::夹克的销售税总费用为9138美元。

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  Let’s look at another example.
  ::让我们再看看另一个例子。

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  Mr. and Mrs. Green and their four children went out to dinner. The cost of the meal was $72. The restaurant added a tip of 18% to the bill. What was the total cost of the dinner?
  ::Green夫妇和他们四个孩子出去吃晚饭,餐费为72美元,餐饮费为18%。

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  First, find the amount of the tip.
  ::首先,找到小费的金额。

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  $$\begin{array}{r}18\mathrm{\%}\text{of}\mathrm{\$}72=0.18\times \mathrm{\$}72=\mathrm{\$}12.96\end{array}$$

  
  ::72=0.18×72=12.96美元的18%

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  Then, add the cost of the meal and the tip.
  ::然后,再加上饭费和小费。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}72+\mathrm{\$}12.96=\mathrm{\$}84.96\end{array}$$

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  The total cost of the dinner, with tip, was $84.96.
  ::晚餐总费用为84.96美元,加上小费。

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  Examples
  ::实例

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  Example 1
  ::例1

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  Earlier, you were given a problem about Jerod‘s restaurant bill.
  ::Jerod的餐厅帐单有问题,

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  The total amount of the food came to $47.50. But the restaurant also charges 6% sales tax on the total. The excellent server has left the tip amount up to them as well. If using a credit card, how much will they pay at the restaurant’s register, including sales tax and tip?
  ::食品总额达到47.50美元。 但餐厅也征收6 % 的销售税。 优秀的服务器将小费也留给了他们。 如果使用信用卡,他们会在餐厅的注册簿上支付多少,包括销售税和小费?

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  First, figure out the sales tax. To do this, convert the percent to a decimal and then multiply by the total cost of the meal.
  ::首先,找出销售税。要做到这一点,将百分比转换为小数点后再乘以总餐费。

  $$\begin{array}{r}0.06\times \mathrm{\$}47.50=\mathrm{\$}2.85\end{array}$$

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  Next, figure out the tip. Because the server provided very good service, they decide to leave an 18% tip. Convert the percent to a decimal and multiply by the cost of the meal.
  ::下一步, 找出小费。 因为服务器提供了非常好的服务, 他们决定留下18%的小费。 将百分比转换为小数点后再乘以膳食成本 。

  $$\begin{array}{r}0.18\times \mathrm{\$}47.50=\mathrm{\$}8.55\end{array}$$

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  Then, add it all up.
  ::那就加起来吧

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}47.50+\mathrm{\$}2.85+\mathrm{\$}8.55=\mathrm{\$}58.90\end{array}$$

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  The answer is the total they will pay at the register with a credit card is $58.90, including the tax and tip.
  ::答案是,他们将在登记簿上用信用卡支付总额为58.90美元,包括税费和小费。

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  Example 2
  ::例2

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  Brandon bought a T-shirt for $8.99 and a pair of shorts for $11.99. If the rate of sales tax is 7%, how much did he spend in total?
  ::布兰登买了一件T恤,8.99美元,短裤11.99美元。如果销售税率是7%,他总共花了多少钱?

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  First, find the total cost of the items purchased.
  ::首先,找到所购物品的总成本。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}8.99+\mathrm{\$}11.99=\mathrm{\$}20.98\end{array}$$

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  Next, find the amount of sales tax. In doing so, first convert the percent to a decimal and then multiply by the total cost. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
  ::接下来, 找到销售税的金额。 在此过程中, 首先将百分比转换为小数点后再乘以总成本。 将您的答复舍入到最近的% 。

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  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}20.98\times 0.07=\mathrm{\$}1.47\text{(Notice that you rounded up to 1.47.)}\end{array}$$

  
  ::20.98×0.007=1.47美元(通知你四舍五入至1.47美元。 )

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  Then, add this tax to the cost of the items.
  ::然后,在项目成本中加上这一税项。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}20.98+\mathrm{\$}1.47=\mathrm{\$}22.45\end{array}$$

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  The answer is the total cost of the T-shirt and shorts, with tax, is $22.45.
  ::答案是T恤衫和短裤的税费总额为22.45美元。

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  Example 3
  ::例3

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  Find the total amount on a $65.00 item with 5% sales tax assessed.
  ::在65.00美元项目上找到总额,并征收5%的销售税。

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  First, find the amount of sales tax. In doing so, first convert the percent to a decimal and then multiply by the total cost.
  ::首先,找到销售税的数额。在这样做的时候,首先将百分比转换为小数点后再乘以总成本。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}65.00\times 0.05=\mathrm{\$}3.25\end{array}$$

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  Then, add this tax to the cost of the item.
  ::然后,在项目成本中加上这一税项。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}65.00+\mathrm{\$}3.25=\mathrm{\$}68.25\end{array}$$

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  The answer is the total cost of the item, with tax, is $68.25.
  ::答案是该项目的总费用加税为68.25美元。

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  Example 4
  ::例4

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  Find the total amount of a $30.00 bill with a 20% tip.
  ::找出总额为30.00美元的帐单 加上20%的小费

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  First, find the amount of the tip.
  ::首先,找到小费的金额。

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  $$\begin{array}{r}20\mathrm{\%}\text{of}\mathrm{\$}30=0.20\times \mathrm{\$}30=\mathrm{\$}6.00\end{array}$$

  
  ::30美元=0.20x30美元=6.00美元的20%

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  Then, add the cost of the meal and the tip.
  ::然后,再加上饭费和小费。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}30+\$6=\mathrm{\$}36\end{array}$$

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  The total amount of the bill, with tip, is $36.
  ::帐单中附有小费的总额为36美元。

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  Example 5
  ::例5

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  Find the total amount of $150.00 item with a 10% sales tax assessed.
  ::确定总额为150.00美元的项目,并征收10%的销售税。

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  First, find the amount of sales tax. In doing so, first convert the percent to a decimal and then multiply by the total cost.
  ::首先,找到销售税的数额。在这样做的时候,首先将百分比转换为小数点后再乘以总成本。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}150.00\times 0.10=\mathrm{\$}15.00\end{array}$$

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  Then, add this tax to the cost of the item.
  ::然后,在项目成本中加上这一税项。

  $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{\$}150.00+\mathrm{\$}15.00=\mathrm{\$}165.00\end{array}$$

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  The answer is the total cost of the item, with tax, is $165.00.
  ::答案是,该项目的总费用加税为165美元。

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  Review
  ::回顾

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  Calculate the total amount paid, including sales tax and tip, if the sales tax is 4% and a tip of 20% is given.
  ::计算支付总额,包括销售税和小费,如果销售税为4%,并给出20%的小费。

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  1. Total: $56.75
     ::共计:56.75美元
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  2. Total: $43.25
     ::共计:43.25美元
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  3. Total: $65.00
     ::共计:65.00美元
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  4. Total: $25.50
     ::共计:25.50美元
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  5. Total: $18.75
     ::共计:18.75美元
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  6. Total: $59.00
     ::共计:59.00美元
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  7. Total: $21.50
     ::共计:21.50美元
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  8. Total: $44.50
     ::共计:44.50美元
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  9. Total: $12.50
     ::共计:12.50美元
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  10. Total: $43.00
      ::共计:43.00美元
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  11. Total: $89.50
      ::共计:89.50美元
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  12. Total: $99.35
      ::共计:99.35美元
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  13. Total: $235.75
      ::共计:235.75美元
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  14. Total: $300.50
      ::共计:300.50美元
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  15. Total: $678.25
      ::共计:678.25美元

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  Review (Answers)
  ::回顾(答复)

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  To see the Review answers, open this and look for section 6.19.
  ::阅读《评论》的答复,打开这个打开,看看第6.19节。

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  Resources
  ::资源