章节大纲

  • 常规

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  • 地球的外层

    A serene landscape featuring a rocky shoreline and calm water, surrounded by forested hills.

     

    Does this look familiar?
    ::这看起来眼熟吗?

    Gases,  water ,  , and living organisms are all found at Earth's surface. These materials are also found above or below the surface. They interact with each other and in doing so alter each other. For example, the  hydrosphere  may cause some of the  lithosphere  to wash away.
    ::气体、水、活生物体和气体都在地球表面被发现,这些材料在表面或表面之下也被发现,它们相互作用,并相互改变。例如,水圈可能使一些岩层被冲走。

    Spheres
    ::球球面

    Earth is made of layers. Since Earth is round, the layers all have the ending "-sphere" ( Figure   ).
    ::由于地球是圆形的, 所有的层都有结尾的“ 范围” (图 ) 。

    Some of the different parts of the Earth are the:
    ::地球的一些不同部分是:

    • Atmosphere : The thin layer of air, mostly nitrogen and oxygen, that surrounds the Earth.
      ::大气层:地球周围的薄空气层,主要是氮和氧气。
    • Hydrosphere : All the water on Earth.
      ::地球所有水体 地球所有水体
    • Biosphere : All the living organisms on Earth.
      ::生物圈:地球上所有活生物体。
    • Lithosphere : The solid rock part of Earth, including  mountains ,  valleys , continents, and all of the rock beneath the oceans.
      ::液层:地球的坚固岩石部分,包括山脉、山谷、大陆和所有海底岩石。

    Earth's layers: atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere with a tree.

     

    Earth has four layers: atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere.
    ::地球有四层:大气、水圈、生物圈和岩圈。

    All of Earth’s layers interact. Therefore, Earth’s surface is constantly undergoing changes.
    ::地球的层层相互作用。 因此,地球表面不断发生变化。

    Summary
     ::摘要

    • Earth is made of layers. The names end in sphere because Earth is round.
      ::地球是由多层层组成的。由于地球是圆形的, 命名在球体中结束。
    • Some of the layers are: atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
      ::其中一些层次是:大气、生物圈、水圈和地圈。
    • The lithosphere is the brittle crust and uppermost mantle.
      ::岩层是易碎的地壳和最上层的地壳

    Review
     ::回顾

    1. What is the atmosphere?
      ::什么是大气层?
    1. What is the lithosphere?
      ::什么是岩层?
    1. Where is the hydrosphere?
      ::水圈在哪里?
    1. How do Earth's layers interact? Give an example.
      ::地球的层层是如何相互作用的?举个例子。

    Explore More
    ::探索更多

    Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.
    ::利用以下资源回答以下问题。

    1. What are the four major systems of Earth?
      ::地球的四大系统是什么?
    1. What are the components of the geosphere?
      ::地圈的成分是什么?
    1. What is the hydrosphere?
      ::水圈是什么?
    1. Where does Earth's energy come from?
      ::地球的能量来自何方?
    1. What are ecosystems?
      ::什么是生态系统?
    1. What is feedback?
      ::什么是反馈?