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  • General

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  • 变质岩分类

    Side-by-side comparison of slate (left) and gneiss (right) showing their textures and colors.

     

    What's the difference in these two rocks?
    ::这两块岩石有什么区别?

    The   on the left was the  sedimentary rock  shale. Now it's the  metamorphic rock  slate. Slate looks very similar to shale, but harder and more platy. The rock on the right is gneiss. The light and dark   have separated into bands. Gneiss is produced by higher    metamorphism . The original rock was different in both cases.
    ::左边是沉积岩页岩。 现在是变形岩板。 石板看起来与页岩很相似, 但越来越硬和更多。 右边的岩石是gneis。 光和暗已经分成了波段。 Gneis 是由更高变形学生成的。 在两种情况下, 原岩石都不同 。

    Common Metamorphic Rocks
    ::常见变形岩

    Some of the most common   are listed below ( Table   ). Their parent rock and the type of metamorphism are also mentioned.
    ::下文(表)列出了其中最常见的一些岩石,还提到了其母岩石和变形类型。

    The table shows some common metamorphic rocks and their original parent rock.
    ::该表显示了一些常见的变形岩石及其原始母岩。

    Picture Rock Name Type of Metamorphic Rock Comments

    Foliated metamorphic rock formation showcasing slate derived from shale.

     

    		 Slate Foliated Metamorphism of shale

    Sample of phyllite, a metamorphic rock, showing foliation and banding characteristics.

     

    		 Phyllite Foliated Metamorphism of slate, but under greater  heat  and pressure than slate

    Sample of schist rock showing foliation, with a paperclip for scale.

     

    		 Schist Foliated Often derived from metamorphism of claystone or shale; metamorphosed under more heat and pressure than phyllite

    Foliated gneiss rock sample demonstrating metamorphic characteristics from heat and pressure.

     

    		 Gneiss Foliated Metamorphism of various different rocks, under extreme conditions of heat and pressure

    A sample of hornfels, showcasing non-foliated contact metamorphism with distinct layering.

     

    		 Hornfels Non-foliated Contact metamorphism  of various different rock types

    Quartzite rock showing non-foliated metamorphism of quartz sandstone.

     

    		 Quartzite Non-foliated Metamorphism of quartz sandstone

    Example of non-foliated metamorphic rock, specifically marble, formed from limestone.

     

    		 Marble Non-foliated Metamorphism of limestone

    Close-up view of non-foliated metamorphic rock with a penny for scale.

     

    		 Metaconglomerate Non-foliated Metamorphism of conglomerate

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • Foliated metamorphic rocks are platy.
      ::碎裂的变形岩石是石质。
    • Non-foliated metamorphic rocks are massive.
      ::无叶化变形岩石是巨大的。
    • The more extreme the amount of metamorphism, the more difficult it is to tell what the original rock was.
      ::变形程度越极端 就越难分辨原始岩石是什么
    • Marble is metamorphosed limestone.
      ::大理石是变形的石灰石

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. What does a foliated metamorphic rock look like?
      ::叶状变形岩石长什么样?
    1. How do slate, phyllite, and schist differ from each other? How are they the same?
      ::白板、和之间有何不同?它们又如何呢?
    1. What is quartzite?
      ::石英是什么? 石英吗?

    Explore More
    ::探索更多

    Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.
    ::利用以下资源回答以下问题。

    1. How are metamorphic rocks classified?
      ::变形岩石是如何分类的?
    1. How do metamorphic rocks form?
      ::变形岩石如何形成?
    1. What is recrystallization?
      ::什么是再吸附?
    1. Why are these rocks the most dense?
      ::为什么这些岩石最稠密?
    1. Where do metamorphic rocks form?
      ::变形岩石在哪里形成?
    1. Where does regional metamorphism occur?
      ::区域变化在哪里发生?
    1. What is a foliated rock?
      ::什么是花岗岩?
    1. What does shale become when heated and put under pressure?
      ::当加热和承受压力时,页岩会变成什么?
    1. What is schist?
      ::什么是香肠?
    1. Describe gneiss.
      ::描述gneiss。
    1. What is the evidence for regional metamorphosis?
      ::区域变化的证据是什么?
    1. What is contact metamorphism?
      ::什么是接触变形?
    1. Where does contact metamorphism occur?
      ::在哪里发生接触变形?
    1. Describe non-foliated rocks.
      ::描述非叶状岩石。
    1. Why is hornfels unique?
      ::为什么黄蜂是独一无二的?