Section outline

  • General

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  • 激活复合体

     

    Will it stick?
    ::它会坚持吗?

    Velcro is a synthetic material that allows fabrics (among other things) to stick together. Another more unusual use for Velcro is the sport (?) of “Velcro-jumping”. The participant wears clothing made of Velcro and jumps at a Velcro-covered wall. Sometimes the collision with the wall will result in the person sticking to the wall. Other times the person simply bounces off the wall and does not connect.
    ::Velcro是一种能让织物(等等)粘在一起的合成材料,Velcro的另一个不同寻常用途是“Velcro-jumping”运动(? ) , 参与者穿着Velcro制成的服装,跳到被Velcro覆盖的墙壁上,有时与墙壁的碰撞将导致人粘在墙上,有时人会跳下墙,不连接。

    Activated Complex
    ::激活复合体

    Reactant particles sometimes collide with one other and yet remain unchanged by the collision. Other times, the collision leads to the formation of products. The state of the particles that is in between the is called the activated complex . An  activated complex  is an unstable arrangement of atoms that exists momentarily at the peak of the barrier. Because of its high energy , the activated complex exists for an extremely short period of time (about 10 −13 s). There is equal likelihood that the activated complex either reforms the original reactants or goes on to form products. Figure shows the formation of a possible activated complex between colliding hydrogen and oxygen molecules. Because of their unstable nature and brief existence, very little is known about the exact structures of many activated complexes.
    ::反活性粒子有时会相互碰撞,但不会因碰撞而改变。有时,碰撞导致产品形成。在被称作激活复合体的粒子之间,被称作激活复合体的粒子状态。被激活复合体是处于屏障顶峰的原子的不稳定安排。由于其高能,被激活复合体存在的时间极短(约10-13秒)。被激活复合体要么改革原反应体,要么继续形成产品的可能性相同。图显示在被碰撞的氢分子和氧分子之间形成可能的激活复合体的情况。由于这些微粒性质不稳定,而且存在短暂的存在,因此对许多被激活复合体的确切结构知之甚少。

    Depicts the formation of activated complexes between hydrogen and oxygen molecules during a reaction.
    An activated complex is a short-lived state in which the colliding particles are at the peak of the potential energy curve.

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • The role of the activated complex in reactions is described.
      ::介绍了激活综合体在反应中的作用。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. Do all collisions of reactant particles lead to products?
      ::反应粒子的所有碰撞是否都会导致产品?
    2. How long does the activated complex usually last?
      ::激活复合体通常持续多久?
    3. How does this compare with the activated complex in the video you watched?
      ::这与你所观看的视频中的激活综合体相比如何?