5.17超大陆旋回和泛大陆
Section outline
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Is this Earth?
::这是地球吗?The existence of Wegener’s supercontinent Pangaea is completely accepted by geologists today. The movements of continents explain so much about the geological activity we see. But did it all begin with Pangaea? Or were there other supercontinents that came before? What does the future of the continents hold?
::今天,地质学家们完全接受韦格纳超大陆潘加亚的存在。 大陆运动解释了我们所看到的地质活动。 但这一切都是从潘加亚开始的吗? 或者以前还有其他超大陆? 大陆的未来是什么?Pangaea
::潘加亚Wegener had lots of evidence for his hypothesis . One line of evidence was the similarity of the mountains on the west and east sides of the Atlantic. Those mountains rose at convergent plate boundaries . The continents on both sides of the ocean (where the Atlantic is now) smashed together to create Pangaea. The proto-Atlantic ocean shrank as the Pacific Ocean grew.
::韦格纳的假设有许多证据。一线证据是大西洋西面和东面山脉的相似性。 这些山脉在交汇板块的边界上上升。 海洋两岸(大西洋现在所在的大西洋)的大陆一起碎裂以创造潘加亚。 原大西洋海洋随着太平洋的成长而萎缩。The Appalachian mountains of eastern North America formed at this convergent plate boundary ( Figure ). About 200 million years ago, they were probably as high as the Himalayas.
::北美东部的阿巴拉契亚山脉在这个汇合板块边界上形成(图)。大约2亿年前,它们可能和喜马拉雅山一样高。The Appalachian Mountains in New Hampshire.
::新罕布什尔的阿巴拉契亚山脉Pangaea has been breaking apart since about 250 million years ago. formed within the continents to cause them to rift apart. The continents are still moving apart. The Pacific is shrinking as the Atlantic is growing. The Appalachians ( Figure ) are now on a passive margin . The mighty mountains have weathered and eroded to what they are today.
::潘加亚(Pangalea)自大约2.5亿年前就一直分裂,在各大洲内部形成,以导致分裂。各大洲仍在四分五裂。各大洲仍在四分五裂。随着大西洋的增长,太平洋正在缩小。阿帕拉契亚(Figure ) ( Appalachians)目前处于被动的边缘。 强大的山岳已经渡过并侵蚀到了今天的状态。The Appalachians along the eastern U.S. These mountains began when North America and Eurasia collided as Pangaea came together.
::美国东部沿岸的阿巴拉契亚人 这些山脉开始于 北美和欧亚大陆相撞时The Supercontinent Cycle
::超级内分泌周期Back before Pangaea, there were earlier supercontinents. Rodinia existed 750 million to 1.1 billion years ago. Columbia existed 1.5 to 1.8 billion years ago. If the continents continue in their current directions, they will come together to create a supercontinent on the other side of the planet in around 200 million years.
::早在潘加亚之前,就曾有超大陆。罗迪尼亚在7亿5千万到11亿年前就存在了。 哥伦比亚在15亿到18亿年前就存在了。 如果大陆继续沿着当前方向前进,它们将在大约2亿年的时间里聚集在一起,在地球的另一边建立一个超大陆。This is known as the supercontinent cycle . The continents smash together on opposite side of the planet around every 500 million years. The creation of supercontinents is responsible for most of the geologic features that we see. It is responsible for many features that are long gone.
::这被称为超大陆周期。 大陆相撞于地球的对面, 大约每5亿年一次。 超级大陆的创建是我们所看到的多数地质特征的成因。 它造成了许多早已消失的特征。Summary
::摘要- Pangaea came together as a set of continent-continent convergent plate boundaries.
::Pangalea作为一系列大陆-大陆-大陆-大陆聚集板块边界走到一起。
- Pangaea is still breaking up as the continents move apart. The Atlantic Ocean is getting bigger, and the Pacific Ocean is getting smaller.
::潘加亚仍然随着大陆的分崩离析而分崩离析。 大西洋正在扩大,太平洋正在缩小。
- The continents come together and break apart about every 500 million years. This is called the supercontinent cycle.
::各大洲每5亿年聚集一堂,四分五裂。这叫做超大陆周期。
Review
::回顾- Describe the plate tectonics processes that brought Pangaea together.
::描述板块构造过程 将潘加亚连接在一起
- Describe the plate tectonics processes that split Pangaea up.
::描述板块构造过程 分解潘加亚
- Why do scientists think that there will be another supercontinent in the future?
::为什么科学家们认为未来还会有另一个超级大陆?
Explore More
::探索更多Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.
::利用以下资源回答以下问题。- How did the continents form?
::大陆是怎样形成的?
- When did the continents get their current shape?
::大陆何时变现了现在的形状?
- Describe how North America will look 100 million years from now.
::描述一下从今往后北美将如何看一亿年。
- What will happen to Africa in the future?
::今后非洲将发生什么情况?
- Pangaea came together as a set of continent-continent convergent plate boundaries.
