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  • 呼吸系统

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    Where does oxygen get into ?
    ::氧气进入哪里?

    Red blood cells are like trucks that transport cargo on a highway system. Their cargo is oxygen, and the highways are . Where do red blood cells pick up their cargo of oxygen? The answer is the lungs . The lungs are organs of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is the body system that brings air containing oxygen into the body and releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere .
    ::红血细胞就像卡车在高速公路上运输货物。他们的货物是氧气,而高速公路是。红血细胞在哪里收集氧气?答案是肺部。肺部是呼吸系统的器官。呼吸系统是将含氧空气带入身体并将二氧化碳释放到大气的身体系统。

    The Respiratory System
    ::呼吸系统

    Each day, you breathe about 20,000 times, and, by the time you're 70 years old, you'll have taken at least 600 million breaths.
    ::每天呼吸大约两万次 等你70岁时 你至少会呼吸六亿次

    Have you ever wondered what it would be like to have gills ? You would breathe and look very different from the rest of us, but they would be great for swimming and diving! Despite such differences, the main functions of lungs and gills are the same: to obtain oxygen and to release carbon dioxide.
    ::你有没有想过有刺刺会是什么感觉?你会呼吸,看起来和我们很不一样,但是对游泳和潜水来说会很好!尽管有这些差异,肺和刺刺的主要功能是一样的:获得氧气和释放二氧化碳。

    The primary functions of the human respiratory system are to obtain the oxygen for the of the body and to eliminate the carbon dioxide that cells produce. The respiratory system brings oxygen, O 2 , into the body and releases carbon dioxide, CO 2 , into the atmosphere. The respiratory system includes the respiratory airways leading into and out of the lungs and the lungs themselves. Oxygen is drawn in through the respiratory tract , which is shown in Figure , and is then delivered to the blood. The exchange of gases (O 2 and CO 2 ) between the alveoli in the lungs and the blood occurs by simple . The process of bringing oxygen into the respiratory tract is called external respiration , and it is an active process, requiring the contraction of . The exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body is called internal respiration.
    ::人类呼吸系统的主要功能是获得身体的氧气,并消除细胞产生的二氧化碳; 呼吸系统将氧氧、氧、氧、氧化碳带入身体,向大气释放二氧化碳、二氧化碳; 呼吸系统包括进出肺部和肺部的呼吸道; 氧通过呼吸道抽入,如图所示,然后输送到血液中; 肺中的肺泡泡和血液中的气体交换(O2和CO2)通过简单方式发生。 将氧带入呼吸道的过程称为外部呼吸,这是一个活性过程,需要收缩。 血液和身体细胞之间的气体交换称为内部呼吸。

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    The respiratory system. Air moves down the trachea, a long straight tube in the chest. The diaphragm pulls air in and pushes it out. Respiratory systems of various types are found in a wide variety of organisms.
    ::呼吸系统:空气从气管向下移动,气管是胸口的长直管;隔膜将空气拉入并推出;各种类型的呼吸系统存在于各种生物中。

       

     

    Comparing Cellular Respiration and Respiration
    ::比较细胞呼吸和呼吸

    Respiration is both the transportation of oxygen from the outside air to the cells of the body and the transportation of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. This is in contrast to the biochemical definition of respiration, which refers to . Cellular respiration is the metabolic process by which an organism obtains energy by reacting oxygen with glucose to give , carbon dioxide, and ATP (energy). Although respiration is necessary to sustain cellular respiration and thus life in , the processes are very different. Cellular respiration takes place in individual cells of the animal, while respiration involves the transport of metabolites between the organism and the external environment. 
    ::呼吸既包括将氧气从外部空气输送到身体细胞,也包括将二氧化碳输送到相反的方向。这与呼吸的生化定义相反,后者是指呼吸。细胞呼吸是一种代谢过程,一种生物通过用甘蔗糖反应氧以提供、二氧化碳和ATP(能源)获得能量。虽然呼吸是维持细胞呼吸和生命所必需的,但过程是完全不同的。细胞呼吸发生在动物的个别细胞中,而呼吸则涉及代谢物在生物体和外部环境中的迁移。

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • The human respiratory system brings oxygen, O 2 , into the body and releases carbon dioxide, CO 2 , into the atmosphere.
      ::人类呼吸系统将氧气,O2带入人体,释放二氧化碳,CO2,进入大气。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. What is the difference between external and internal respiration?
      ::外部和内部呼吸有什么区别?
    2. What is the difference between respiration and cellular respiration?
      ::呼吸和细胞呼吸有什么区别?