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  • General

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  • 大不列颠

    lesson content

    Liquid to solid. What does this mean?
    ::液体到固体 这是什么意思?

    Well, that's exactly what the large intestine does. It takes the remains of digested food—that is, food in which all the nutrients and minerals have been removed—and prepares it for elimination .
    ::嗯,那正是大肠子的作用。它需要消化食物的残渣—— 也就是所有营养物和矿物质都被清除的食物—— 来准备消灭它。

    The Large Intestine and Its Functions
    ::巨型恒年及其功能

    From the , any remaining food waste passes into the large intestine. The large intestine is a relatively wide tube that connects the small intestine with the anus, and it is about 1.5 meters long. The large intestine is the portion of the most responsible for absorbing from the indigestible remains of food. The large intestine consists of three parts: the cecum , colon , and rectum .
    ::剩下的任何食物废物都会从大肠中排入大肠。大肠是一个相对较宽的管子,连接小肠和肛门,长约1.5米。大肠是吸收不可稀释的食物残渣的最大责任部分。大肠由三个部分组成:大肠、结肠和直肠。

    Absorption of Water and Elimination of Wastes
    ::吸收水和消除废物

    The cecum is the first part of the large intestine, where waste enters from the small intestine. The waste is in a liquid state. As the waste passes through the colon , which is the second part of the large intestine, excess water is absorbed. After the excess water is absorbed, the remaining solid waste is called feces . Feces contain indigestible food substances such as fiber.
    ::积水是大型肠道的第一部分,废物从小肠道进入。废物处于液态。废物通过结肠,即大肠道的第二部分,吸收过量的水。吸收过量的水后,剩余的固体废物被称为粪便。粪便含有不可稀释的食物物质,如纤维。

    Feces accumulate in the rectum , which is the third part of the large intestine. As the rectum fills, the feces become compacted. The feces are stored in the rectum until they are eliminated from the body. A sphincter controls the anus and opens to let feces through to the outside. It normally takes from 12 to 24 hours for wastes to enter the cecum, move through colon, accumulate in the rectum, and pass from the body as feces.
    ::粪便聚集在腹部, 也就是大肠的第三部分。 当腹部填充时, 粪便变得紧凑。 粪便被储存在腹部, 直到从身体中清除出来。 一个斯芬奇特人控制肛门, 并打开让粪便穿透外部。 通常需要12到24小时, 废物才能进入肠子, 穿过结肠, 在腹部蓄积, 从身体中排出作为粪便。

    Bacteria in the Large Intestine
    ::大型内地细菌

    Other functions of the large intestine are to provide a home for intestinal and to absorb the vitamins they produce. Trillions of bacteria normally live in the large intestine. Some of these bacteria are harmful to the body if they grow out of control. However, most of the bacteria are helpful. They produce several vitamins including vitamins B 12 and K. Intestinal bacteria play other helpful roles as well:
    ::大型肠道的其他功能是提供肠道之家和吸收其生产的维他命; 成百上千的细菌通常生活在大型肠道中; 有些细菌如果无法控制地生长,对身体有害; 然而,大多数细菌很有帮助; 它们产生几种维他命,包括维生素B12和K。

    • Control the growth of harmful bacteria.
      ::控制有害细菌的生长。
    • Break down toxins before they can poison the body.
      ::在毒死尸体之前先分解毒素
    • Break down indigestible food components.
      ::分解不可稀释的食品成分。
    • Produce substances that help prevent colon .
      ::生产有助于防止结肠的药物。

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • The large intestine consists of three parts: the cecum, colon, and rectum.
      ::大肠由三个部分组成:肠子、结肠和直肠。
    • The cecum is the first part of the large intestine, where waste enters from the small intestine.
      ::积蓄是大肠肠的第一部分,废物从小肠中进入。
    • As the waste passes through the colon, excess water is absorbed.
      ::随着废物通过结肠,过量的水被吸收。
    • Feces accumulate and are compacted in the rectum.
      ::羽毛累积并粘在直肠上。
    • Roles of intestinal bacteria include controlling growth of harmful bacteria, breaking down toxins, breaking down indigestible food, preventing colon cancer, and producing vitamins.
      ::肠细菌的作用包括控制有害细菌的生长、破碎毒素、破碎无穷的食物、预防结肠癌和生产维生素。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. How long does it take for waste to enter and exit the colon?
      ::废物进出结肠需要多长时间?
    2. What role does intestinal bacteria play in the body?
      ::肠道细菌在身体中起什么作用?
    3. What vitamins are produced by intestinal bacteria?
      ::肠道细菌产生什么维生素?
    4. Where is the majority of excess water absorbed?
      ::大多数过量水被吸收到哪里去了?