8.14泉和间歇泉
Section outline
-
A sacred spring
::神圣的春天At Tampak Siring in Bali, Indonesia, spring water emerges into a temple. The water is thought to have healing powers. Many Hindu people come to the temple to immerse themselves in the water and pray. They hope the water will cure diseases and bring good health.
::在印度尼西亚巴厘岛Tampak Siring的Tampak Siring,泉水出现在一座寺庙中,水被认为具有愈合能力。 许多印度教徒来到寺庙,浸泡在水中祈祷。 他们希望水能治愈疾病并带来健康。Springs
::春天The top of an aquifer may be high enough in some places to meet the surface of the ground. This often happens on a slope. The water flows out of the ground and creates a spring . A spring may be just a tiny trickle, or it may be a big gush of water.
::含水层的顶部在有些地方可能足够高,足以满足地面的表面,这经常发生在斜坡上。水从地面流出,产生泉源。泉水可能是微小的滴子,也可能是巨大的水流。Water flowing out of the ground at a spring may flow downhill and enter a stream . If the water from a spring can’t flow downhill, it may spread out to form a pond or lake instead. In the desert , the only reliable water may be from springs ( Figure ). A spring may allow wildlife to inhabit an uninhabitable area.
::泉水从地下流出的水可能流到下坡,进入溪流。 如果泉水不能下坡,它可能会扩散到形成池塘或湖泊。 在沙漠中,唯一可靠的水可能来自泉水(图 ) 。 泉水可能允许野生动物居住在一个不适于居住的地区。A desert oasis is created by a spring in Nevada.
::内华达州的春天创造了沙漠绿洲Artesian Spring
::阿耳提斯春Sometimes an aquifer is confined. A confined aquifer is trapped between two impermeable layers. Pressure from the rock layer on top forces the water out where the aquifer reaches the ground surface. Water that flows up to the surface naturally is an artesian spring . If people drill a well into a confined aquifer, the water may flow to the surface without assistance. This is an artesian well ( Figure ).
::有时含水层被封闭,封闭含水层被困在两个不可渗透的层层之间。顶层岩石层的压力迫使含水层到达地面的水流向地面。自然流到地表的水是人工泉。如果人们钻井进入封闭含水层,水可能无助地流入地表。这是人工井(图 )。This artesian well supplies the water for Schönbrunn Palace in Germany.
::这个自来水井为德国的Schönbrunn宫供水。Mineral Springs and Hot Springs
::矿物泉和热泉Some springs have water that contains . dissolves minerals out of the rock as it seeps through the pores. The water in some springs is hot because it is heated by hot magma . Many hot springs are also mineral springs. That’s because hot water can dissolve more minerals than cold water.
::有些泉水含有... . 岩浆通过孔洞渗出时,岩石中的矿物会溶解。 有些泉水热,因为热岩浆加热。 许多温泉也是矿泉。 这是因为热水比冷水能溶解更多的矿物。Springs in Yellowstone National Park are hot and contain dissolved minerals. Morning Glory Pool ( Figure ) has a bright green color from dissolved minerals. Along the edge are thick orange mats of bacteria. The bacteria use the minerals in the hot water to make food.
::黄石公园的泉水很热,含有溶解的矿物。 早晨Glory Pool(图)有来自溶解矿物的亮绿色颜色。 边边有厚厚的细菌橙色垫子。 细菌用热水中的矿物做食物。Morning Glory Pool in Yellowstone National Park is a mineral spring.
::黄石公园的Glory pool 是个矿泉Geysers
::Geysers 盖塞Heated groundwater may become trapped in spaces within rocks. Pressure builds up as more water seeps into the spaces. When the pressure becomes great enough, the water bursts out of the ground at a crack or weak spot. This is called a geyser . When the water erupts from the ground, the pressure is released. Then more water collects and the pressure builds up again. This leads to another eruption .
::热化的地下水可能会被困在岩石中的空隙中。 压力随着更多的水渗入而形成。 当压力变得足够大时, 水就会在裂缝或薄弱的地方从地上喷出。 这被称为喷泉。 当水从地上喷出时, 压力就会释放出来。 然后更多的集水和压力会再次形成。 这会导致另一次爆发 。Old Faithful ( Figure ) is the best-known geyser in the world. The geyser erupts faithfully every 90 minutes, day after day. During each eruption, it may release as much as 30,000 liters of water!
::古老的真理(Figre)是世界上最著名的喷泉。喷泉每90分钟,一天一天地忠实喷发。每次喷发时,喷洒水量可能多达3万公升。Old Faithful in Yellowstone National Park is a geyser named for its regular cycle of eruptions.
::黄石公园的古老信仰是一个喷泉喷发周期命名的喷泉喷泉。Summary
::摘要- Earth's internal heat can create a hot spring.
::地球内部的热能能创造一个温泉
- If hot water becomes trapped, pressure may build up. When the water breaks free, it creates a geyser.
::如果热水被困住,压力可能会增加。当水解开时,它会产生喷泉。
Review
::回顾- What causes a spring?
::是什么导致春天?
- Describe how a geyser erupts.
::描述喷泉喷发的方式
- Where do the minerals in mineral springs come from?
::矿泉里的矿物是从哪里来的?
- Earth's internal heat can create a hot spring.
