10.9大气中的电磁能
Section outline
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Lesson
::经验教训Where can you find energy?
::你在哪里能找到能量?Picture yourself sitting by the campfire. You and your family are using the fire to stay warm on a chilly evening. As the goes down, the air gets colder. You move closer to the fire. Heat from the fire warms you. Light from the fire allows you to see your relatives. Maybe you put marshmallows on a stick and roast them. Yum.
::想象一下自己坐在营火边上。你和你的家人正在用火在寒冷的夜晚保持温暖。 当火熄灭时,空气会变冷。 你靠近火点, 火点的热能温暖你。 火点的光能让你看到你的亲戚。 也许你把棉花糖放在一根棍子上烤了它们。What Is Energy?
::什么是能源?What explains all of these events? The answer can be summed up in one word: energy . Energy is defined as the ability to do work. Doing anything takes energy. A campfire obviously has energy. You can feel its heat and see its light. You can use its energy to cook food.
::是什么解释所有这些事件?答案可以用一个词来概括:能源。能源被定义为工作能力。做任何事需要精力。营火显然有能量。你可以感受到它的热量,看到它的光。你可以用它的能量做饭。Forms of Energy
::能源形式Thermal energy and light from the campfire are forms of energy. There are many other forms of energy. Here are a few that are important in Earth science :
::营火产生的热能和光是能源的形式。还有其他许多能源形式。这里有一些在地球科学中很重要:- Chemical energy : energy that is stored in bonds between molecules and can be released after a chemical reaction.
::化学能:储存在分子间联结中的能量,在化学反应后可以释放出来。
- Nuclear energy : energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms and can be released if a nucleus splits
::核能能源:储存在原子核心中的能源,如果核分裂,可以释放出来。
- Radiant energy: energy of electromagnetic waves , including light. This is the topic of the concept " ."
::辐射能量:电磁波的能量,包括光。这就是“。”的概念的主题。
- Sound energy: energy caused by vibrations in matter, also known as the energy of sound waves.
::声音能量:由物质震动引起的能量, 也称为声波的能量。
- Thermal energy: total kinetic energy of atoms of matter.
::热能:物质原子的总动能。
Conservation of Energy
::保护能源Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can change form. For example, a piece of wood has chemical energy stored in its molecules. When the wood burns, the chemical energy changes to heat energy and light energy.
::无法创造或销毁能源。 它可以改变形态。 例如, 一块木头的分子含有化学能量。 当木材燃烧时, 化学能量会变成热能和光能 。Lightning converts electric potential energy into three kinds of energy. They are light energy, sound energy, and thermal energy.
::闪电将电力潜在能源转换成三种能源,它们是轻能、高能和热能。When you digest food, the chemical energy in the food allows your body to do work by moving. ( Figure ). That's another way energy is transferred from one form to another!
::当您消化食物时, 食物中的化学能量使您的身体能够通过移动来工作。 (图) 这是另一种将能量从一种形式转移到另一种形式的方式 !If the girl eats this apple it will provide the energy needed for her to run. Movement of Energy
::能源运动Energy can move from one place to another. It can travel through space or matter. That’s why you can feel the heat of a campfire and see its light. These forms of energy travel from the campfire to you.
::能源可以从一个地方移动到另一个地方。它可以穿越空间或物质。 这就是为什么你可以感受到营火的热量并看到其光亮。 这些能源形式从营火流向你。Science Friday: Forecasting the Meltdown: The Aerial Snow Observatory
::科学星期五:预测熔化:空中雪天文台75% of Southern California's water supply comes from the snowpack in the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range. This video by Science Fridayexplains how NASA uses specialized instrumentation in the Airborne Snow Observatory to carefully measure the water content.
::南加利福尼亚州75%的供水来自内华达山脉山脉的雪堆。科学周五的这段视频解释了美国航天局如何在空降雪观测站使用专门仪器来仔细测量水含量。Summary
::摘要- Energy is the ability to do work.
::能源是工作的能力。
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy can only change forms.
::不能创造或摧毁能源,能源只能改变形式。
- Energy can change from one type to more than one type. For example, electric potential energy before a lightning strike can turn into light, sound, and heat.
::能源可以从一种类型改变为一种以上类型。 比如,闪电袭击前的电力潜在能量可以变成光、声音和热。
Review
::回顾- What is energy?
::什么是能源?
- How does energy change from one form to another?
::能源如何从一种形式变化到另一种形式?
- Figure out two examples in your life of when energy changes from one form to another.
::在你一生中 找出两个例子 说明能源从一种形式 变化到另一种形式。
- Chemical energy : energy that is stored in bonds between molecules and can be released after a chemical reaction.
