10.14温室效应
Section outline
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How does the atmosphere resemble a greenhouse?
::大气层像温室吗?Farmers use greenhouses to extend the growing season. A greenhouse traps heat . Days that are too cool for a growing plant can be made to be just right. Similar to a greenhouse, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere keep Earth warm.
::农民利用温室来延长生长季节。温室捕捉热。 对于生长的植物来说,太酷的日子可以变成对的。与温室温室气体一样,大气中的温室气体可以让地球变暖。The Greenhouse Effect
::温室气体效应When sunlight heats Earth’s surface, some of the heat radiates back into the atmosphere. Some of this heat is absorbed by gases in the atmosphere. This is the greenhouse effect , and it helps to keep Earth warm. The greenhouse effect allows Earth to have temperatures that can support life.
::当阳光照射地球表面时,有些热能会回升到大气中。 有些热能被大气中的气体吸收。 这是温室效应,有助于保持地球的温暖。 温室效应使地球的温度能够维持生命。Gases that absorb heat in the atmosphere are called greenhouse gases . They include carbon dioxide and water vapor . Human actions have increased the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere ( Figure ). The added gases have caused a greater greenhouse effect. How do you think this affects Earth’s ?
::在大气中吸收热气的气体被称为温室气体,包括二氧化碳和水蒸气。人类行动增加了大气中的温室气体(图 ) 。增加的气体产生了更大的温室效应。 你认为这如何影响地球?Human actions have increased the natural greenhouse effect. Like a blanket on a sleeping person, greenhouse gases act as insulation for the planet . The warming of the atmosphere is because of insulation by greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are the component of the atmosphere that moderate Earth’s temperatures.
::大气变暖是因为温室气体的隔热。 温室气体是温和地球温度的温和大气的组成部分。Greenhouse Gases
::温室气体Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water vapor (H 2 O), methane (CH 4 ), ozone (O 3 ), nitrous oxides (NO and N 2 O), and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).. All are a normal part of the atmosphere except CFCs. The table below shows how each greenhouse gas naturally enters the atmosphere ( Table ).
::温室气体包括二氧化碳(CO2)、水蒸气(H2O)、甲烷(CH4)、臭氧(O3)、一氧化二氮(NO和N2O)和氯氟化碳(CFCs),都是大气的正常部分,但氟氯化碳除外。Greenhouse Gas Source Carbon dioxide Respiration , volcanic eruptions, decomposition of plant material; burning of fossil fuels Methane Decomposition of plant material under some conditions, biochemical reactions in stomachs Nitrous oxide Produced by bacteria Ozone Atmospheric processes Chlorofluorocarbons Not naturally occurring; made by humans Different greenhouse gases have different abilities to trap heat. For example, one methane molecule traps 23 times as much heat as one CO 2 molecule. One CFC-12 molecule (a type of CFC) traps 10,600 times as much heat as one CO 2 . Still, CO 2 is a very important greenhouse gas, because it is much more abundant in the atmosphere.
::不同的温室气体捕捉热的能力不同。 比如,一种甲烷分子捕捉热量是二氧化碳分子的23倍。 一种CFC-12分子(一种氟氯化碳)捕捉热量是二氧化碳的10 600倍。 然而,CO2是一种非常重要的温室气体,因为它在大气中丰富得多。Summary
::摘要- Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water vapor (H 2 O), methane (CH 4 ), ozone (O 3 ), nitrous oxides (NO and N 2 O), and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
::温室气体包括二氧化碳(CO2)、水蒸气(H2O)、甲烷(CH4)、臭氧(O3)、一氧化二氮(NO和N2O)和氟氯化碳(CFCs)。
- Greenhouse gases trap heat in the troposphere. Some greenhouse gases can trap more heat than others.
::对流层中的温室气体捕捉热量,有些温室气体的捕捉热量比其他温室气体的更强。
- Levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are increasing due to human activities.
::由于人类活动,大气中的温室气体水平正在上升。
Review
::回顾- What is insulation? What effect does insulation have on global temperature?
::绝缘是什么?绝缘对全球温度有什么影响?
- What is the greenhouse effect?
::温室效应是什么?
- How does Earth's atmosphere resemble a greenhouse?
::地球的大气层像温室吗?
- Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water vapor (H 2 O), methane (CH 4 ), ozone (O 3 ), nitrous oxides (NO and N 2 O), and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
