11.4雾
Section outline
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Where is the most famous fog in the U.S.?
::美国最著名的雾在哪里?San Francisco, the City by the Bay, is known for its fog. There's an old joke: "I spent the coldest winter of my life in San Francisco one summer." That's because of the fog! There is a big difference in between the two sides of the city. On the Pacific side, where there is fog, temperatures are low. On the bay side, where there isn't fog, temperatures are much higher.
::旧金山,在湾边的城市,以雾闻名。有一个老笑话:“我夏天在旧金山度过了我生命中最寒冷的冬天。”那是因为雾!城市两边有很大差异。在太平洋,有雾,温度低。在海湾一侧,没有雾,温度高得多。Fog
::雾Fog ( Figure ) is a on the ground. Fog forms when humid air near the ground cools below its dew point . Each type of fog forms in a different way.
::雾( 图) 是在地面上 。 当地面附近的潮湿空气在露水点下冷却时, 雾就会形成。 每一种雾都以不同的方式形成 。- Radiation fog forms at night. Skies are clear, and the relative humidity is high. The ground cools as temperature goes down. Air near the ground cools below its dew point. Tule fog is an extreme form of radiation fog. This type of fog strikes the Central Valley of California in winter.
::夜间的辐射雾形式。 天空是清晰的, 相对湿度是高的。 温度下降, 地面冷却。 地面附近的空气在露地点下方冷却。 图莱雾是一种极端的辐射雾形式。 这种雾在冬季袭击加州中部谷地。
- Advection fog is famous in San Francisco, California. Warm, moist air comes in from the Pacific Ocean. The air blows over the cold California current. When the air cools below its dew point, fog forms. Sea breezes bring the fog onshore.
::油雾在加利福尼亚州旧金山闻名。潮湿的空气来自太平洋。寒冷的加利福尼亚洋流被空气吹过。当空气在露水点下凉时,雾会形成。海风会把雾带入岸边。
- Steam fog appears in autumn when cool air moves over a warm lake . Water evaporates from the lake surface. As the water vapor cools, it condenses. The fog appears like steam.
::当寒冷的空气在温暖的湖上移动时,蒸雾在秋天出现。水从湖面蒸发。当水蒸气冷却时,气雾会凝聚。雾就像蒸汽一样。
- Warm humid air travels up a hillside and cools below its dew point to create upslope fog .
::温暖的潮湿空气在山坡上行走 并在露水点下方冷却 形成高坡雾
(a) Tule fog in the Central Valley of California. (b) Advection fog in San Francisco. (c) Steam fog over a lake in Algonquin Park, Canada. (d) Upslope fog around the peak of Sanqing Mountains in China.
:a) 加利福尼亚中央谷地的图勒雾;(b) 旧金山的攻势雾;(c) 加拿大阿尔贡金公园湖上的蒸汽雾;(d) 中国桑青山峰周围的上坡雾。
Fog levels are declining along the California coast as climate warms. The change in fog may have big ecological changes for the state.
::随着气候的暖化,加利福尼亚海岸的雾度正在下降。 雾的变化可能给州带来巨大的生态变化。Summary
::摘要- Fog forms when there is a difference in temperature between the land and the air.
::当陆地和空气的温度有差异时,雾就形成。
Review
::回顾- Why does fog form?
::为什么雾会形成?
- What makes tule fog distinctive?
::是什么使图尔雾与众不同?
- Compare and contrast the different types of fog.
::比较和对比 不同类型的雾。
- Radiation fog forms at night. Skies are clear, and the relative humidity is high. The ground cools as temperature goes down. Air near the ground cools below its dew point. Tule fog is an extreme form of radiation fog. This type of fog strikes the Central Valley of California in winter.
