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  • Verbs: 完美简洁的过去

    What do you already know? 
    ::你已经知道些什么了?

     What do you know already about the Present Perfect and Past Tense? Try the quiz on EnglishPage.com:
    ::你对《完美与过去》了解多少?

    Introduction to Present Perfect versus Past Tense
    ::" 完美与过去 " 介绍

    Present perfect is one of the most difficult tenses in English because it has so many uses. Many of the ways we use it depend on many things, especially whether the past time we are talking about is specific and finished or general and maybe not finished. To help explain the difference between present perfect and the past tense (which many people often confuse), print a copy of the worksheet here or copy the notes into your notebook:
    ::目前完美是英语中最困难的时段之一,因为它有许多用途。 我们使用它的许多方式取决于许多事情, 特别是我们谈论的过去的时间是具体和已完成的, 还是一般的, 也可能不是完成的。 为了帮助解释目前完美和过去时段之间的区别( 许多人经常混淆这一点 ) , 在此打印一份工作表, 或者将笔记本复制到笔记本上 :

    Then, watch the video:
    ::然后,看视频:

      Forms of the Simple Past and Present Perfect:
    ::简洁的过去和现在的完美形式:

    There are three kinds of forms all tenses usually take:
    ::所有时态通常有三种形式:

    1. statement 
      ::报表报表
    2. negative
      ::负
    3. question
      ::问 问 问 问

    Simple P ast
    ::简单过去

    Statement Negative Question
    You studied  grammar. You did not study grammar Did  you study grammar?
    S + simple past verb + object

    S + did + not + base verb* + object 
    ::S+ dod + 不+ + 基动词 *+ 对象

    Helping verbs  did  and  not are added to the sentence.  Did  take the past tense, while the main verb becomes the base verb. 
    ::帮助动词没有被添加到句子中, 帮助动词没有被添加到句子中 。 使用过过去时态, 主动词变成底动词 。

    Did  + subject + base verb + object
    ::+主题+基动词+天体

    Helping verbs  did  and  not are added to the sentence.
    ::帮助动词没有被添加到句子中 。

    Did  moves to the front of the sentence, and the base verb stays after the subject.
    ::移到句子的前面, 底动词停留在主题之后 。

     To make the simple past, most verbs take an -ed ending in the statement form. Be careful though - some verbs have irregular past forms. To see a list of some of these verbs, go to the  link below. Pay special attention to the verbs in orange on the list. 
    ::简单的过去, 多数动词在语句表中以 - ed 结尾。 小心点, 有些动词有不正常的过去形式 。 要看到其中一些动词列表, 请转到下面的链接 。 特别注意列表中的橙色动词 。

    You can practice using these verbs here:
    ::您可以在此练习使用这些动词 :

    Present Perfect
    ::现极完美

    Statement Negative Question
    You have studied  grammar. You did not study grammar Did  you study grammar?
    S + have or has +  past participle  + object

    S +  have/has  + not + past participle * + object 
    ::S+有/有+没有+过去参加*+对象

    Helping verbs have/has   and  not are added to the sentence. 
    ::帮助动词已经/已经/已经/没有添加到句子中。

    Did  + subject + base verb + object
    ::+主题+基动词+天体

    Helping verbs  have/has   are added to the sentence.
    ::句子中添加了帮助动词 。

    Have  moves to the front of the sentence, and the past participle stays after the subject.
    ::移动到句子前面, 过去的参与者停留在主题之后 。

    You can review the chart in the to learn the irregular verbs that have a third kind of past tense. Otherwise, most regular verbs will use the -ed ending. 
    ::您可以在图表中查看图表, 学习有第三种过去时态的不正常动词。 否则, 大多数常规动词会使用 - eded 结尾 。

    Using the Present Perfect and Simple Past in Academic Writing
    ::在学术写作中使用当前完美和简单的过去

    To understand when to use the present perfect or simple past in academic papers, including essays and summaries, ask yourself the following questions:
    ::为了了解何时在学术论文(包括论文和摘要)中使用目前完美或简单的过去,请问自己以下问题:

    1. Did the action happen in the past at a specific time? Most often, you use the simple past to talk about historical events. Example: In 1775, the Declaration of Independence was signed. <-- This is one past event and it is complete. 
      ::过去的行动是在某个特定时间发生的吗?通常情况下,你用简单的过去来谈论历史事件。例如:1775年,《独立宣言》签署。 < -- -- 这是过去的一个事件,它已经完成了。
    2. Is the action ongoing, beginning in the past and continuing now or something that happened more than once in the past? You may use the present perfect to talk about these kinds of events. For example: Many researchers have tried to find a cure for cancer, but they have not yet discovered one. <-- This event has happened often over a general period of time in the past, and is still going on. 
      ::行动是持续进行,从过去开始,现在继续,还是过去不止一次发生的事情?你可以使用目前完美的状态来谈论这类事件。例如:许多研究人员试图找到癌症的治疗方法,但他们还没有发现。 < -- -- 这一事件过去经常发生,而且还在继续。

    An important skill in editing verbs is to circle them, and to ask yourself these questions. You may also use time markers to help make the timing of the actions clearer.
    ::编辑动词的一个重要技能是环绕这些动词,并自问这些问题。您也可以使用时间标记来帮助使行动的时间更加明确。

    Here are common time markers with the simple past and present perfect:
    ::以下是共同的时标 简单的过去和现在的完美:

    Simple past Present Perfect
    Yesterday In the last day
    Last week In the last week
    Last month In the last month
    On (date) Since (date)
    # hours/days/months/years ago Yet
    Last week, month,  etc. Already
      Recently

    Let's Review
    ::让我们回顾一下

    1. Circle verbs in your writing to help you check the tense and form. 
      ::写作中的圆动词可以帮助您检查时态和形式 。
    2. If a past event or action is complete and happened at (a) specific time(s), use the simple past (or another past tense)
      ::如果过去的事件或行动完整,并且发生在(a)具体时间,请使用简单的过去(或另一个过去时态)
    3. If the past event might still be happening and/or it happened in a general time frame, then the present perfect might be the best choice.
      ::如果过去的事件仍然可能发生和/或发生在一般的时间范围内,那么目前的完美可能是最好的选择。
    4. Use a time marker to help make the time an action or event happened clear if you think your reader might misunderstand.
      ::如果您认为读者会误解, 请使用时间标记来帮助明确某个行动或事件发生的时间 。

    More practice
    ::更多做法

    Try the exercises by clicking the link below to test your knowledge. 
    ::尝试练习时单击下面的链接以测试您的知识。

    Homework
    ::家庭工作

    Complete the exercises by printing the page or in your notebook. Try not to look at the answers until after you have finished.  
    ::通过打印页面或笔记本完成练习。 请尽量在完成后不要查看答案 。