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  • General

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  • 避免土壤流失

    Terraced fields on a hillside, featuring lush green crops and palm trees.

     

    Why did someone cut designs into this hillside?
    ::为什么有人把设计切到山坡上?

    Although the hillside is interesting, that's not why this was done.  Terracing  prevents  soil   erosion  on a hillside that is being farmed. Many techniques can be utilized to reduce soil erosion.
    ::虽然山坡是有趣的,但这不是这样做的原因。Tertracing防止了正在耕种的山坡上的土壤侵蚀。许多技术可以用来减少土壤侵蚀。

    Preventing Soil Erosion
    ::防止土壤侵蚀

    Soil is a  renewable resource , but it can take thousands of years to form. That’s why people need to do what they can to prevent soil erosion.
    ::土壤是一种可再生资源,但形成需要数千年的时间。 这就是为什么人们需要尽其所能防止土壤侵蚀。

    Farming Methods That Reduce Soil Erosion
    ::减少土壤侵蚀的耕作方法

    The  Dust Bowl  taught people that soil could be lost by plowing and growing crops. New ways of farming were developed to protect the soil. Some of the methods are described below ( Figure   ).
    ::Dust Bower告诉人们,耕种和种植作物可能会失去土壤,开发了新的耕作方式以保护土壤,其中一些方法说明如下(图......)。

    Farming methods to reduce soil erosion: strip cropping, terracing, no-till planting, windbreaks, contour cropping, cover crops.

     

    There are many farming methods that help prevent soil erosion.
    ::有许多耕作方法有助于防止土壤流失。

    Other Ways to Reduce Soil Erosion
    ::减少土壤侵蚀的其他方法

    There are several other ways to help prevent soil loss. Some of them are pictured below ( Figure   ).
    ::防止土壤流失还有其他几种办法,其中一些办法如下图所示(图)。

    • Prevent overgrazing. Frequently move animals from field to field. This gives the grass a chance to recover.
      ::防止过度放牧。 经常将动物从田地迁移到田地。 这样草地就有机会恢复。
    • Avoid logging steep hillsides. Cut only a few trees in any given place. Plant new trees to replace those that are cut down.
      ::避免砍伐陡峭的山坡。 在任何特定的地方只砍伐几棵树。 种植新树以取代被砍伐的树木。
    • Reclaim mine lands. Save the stripped  topsoil  and return it to the land. Once the soil is in place, plant trees and other plants to protect the bare soil.
      ::恢复地雷土地,保存被剥除的表土并将其归还土地,一旦土壤到位,种植树木和其他植物以保护裸露的土壤。
    • Use barriers to prevent  runoff  and soil erosion at construction sites. Plant grass to hold the soil in place.
      ::利用障碍防止建筑工地的径流和土壤侵蚀,植物草将土壤固定在原地。
    • Develop paving materials that absorb  water  and reduce runoff.
      ::开发吸收水和减少径流的铺路材料。
    • Restrict the use of off-road vehicles, especially in hilly areas.
      ::限制使用越野车辆,特别是在丘陵地区。

    Collage showing replanting, forestation, erosion barriers, and soil stabilization methods.

     

    Taking steps to control erosion can help save soil.
    ::采取步骤控制侵蚀可有助于节省土壤。

     

    Summary
    ::摘要

    • Soil is a renewable resource. Sometimes it is lost faster than it can be replaced.
      ::土壤是一种可再生资源,有时丧失的速度比被取代的速度要快。
    • Farming methods that can reduce soil erosion include terracing, contour cropping, windbreaks, and no-till planting.
      ::可以减少土壤侵蚀的耕作方法包括梯田、轮廓耕种、风断和不耕种。
    • Caution with grazing, recreational activities and reclaiming used lands can help reduce soil erosion.
      ::注意放牧、娱乐活动和开垦用地可有助于减少土壤侵蚀。

    Review
    ::回顾

    1. Why is it so important to reduce soil erosion?
      ::为什么减少土壤侵蚀如此重要?
    1. What are some of the agricultural practices that can reduce soil erosion?
      ::有哪些农业做法可以减少土壤侵蚀?
    1. How can soil erosion be reduced where trees are logged?
      ::在树木被砍伐的地方如何减少土壤侵蚀?
    1. Why should a forest be replaced if it is logged?
      ::如果森林是伐木的,为什么要替换森林呢?