17.73 自主免疫疾病 -- -- 高级
章节大纲
-
Joint pain. Not an uncommon problem as you grow older. Why?
::共同疼痛,你长大了,问题也不少,为什么?Is it due to normal wear and tear on the ? Possibly. But rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease, which means the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue .
::但风湿性关节炎是一种自发免疫疾病,这意味着人体的免疫系统错误地攻击健康组织。Autoimmune Diseases
::汽车免疫疾病Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to recognize the body’s own molecules as self and attacks the body’s as though they were foreign invaders. Relatively common autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis , and systemic lupus erythematosus ( Table ). These four diseases are described in the table below. They are currently incurable, but treatment can help relieve the symptoms and prevent some of the long-term damage. Medicine currently available for treating autoimmune diseases sometimes suppress in general.
::当免疫系统不承认人体的分子是自我分子并攻击人体时,就会出现自发性免疫疾病。 相对常见的自发性免疫疾病包括风湿性关节炎、1型糖尿病、多发性硬化症和系统性红喉病(表 ) 。 这四种疾病在下表中有描述。 它们目前无法治愈,但治疗可以帮助缓解症状,防止一些长期损伤。 目前用于治疗自发性免疫疾病的药物有时会普遍抑制。Common Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmune Disease Object of Immune Attack Results of Immune Attack Treatment(s) Rheumatoid arthritis Tissues inside joints. Inflammation of joints, causing joint pain, damage, and a possible loss of mobility. Anti-inflammatory drugs and drugs that suppress the immune system. Type 1 diabetes Insulin-producing cells of the pancreas . Loss of the ability to produce insulin , which causes too much sugar to be in the and tissue and organ damage. Insulin injections. Multiple sclerosis Myelin in the brain and spinal cord . Loss of nerve function, causing muscle weakness, fatigue, visual problems, pain, and other symptoms. Corticosteroid drugs and that control the immune system. Systemic lupus erythematosus Joints, heart, lungs , or other organs. Inflammation of joints or organs, causing serious joint or organ damage and pain. Corticosteroid drugs and drugs that suppress the immune system. The causes of autoimmune diseases are not known for certain. One way autoimmunity may develop is through molecular mimicry. This occurs when a person is infected with bearing antigens similar to the person’s own molecules. When the immune system mounts an attack against the pathogens, it also attacks with the similar molecules. Some people inherit genes that increase their risk for an autoimmune disease. Female sex hormones may also increase the risk. This may explain why autoimmune diseases are more common in females than in males and why they usually begin after .
::自发性免疫疾病的成因并不为人所知。一种自发性可能通过分子模仿发展的方式。当一个人感染了与自己分子相似的抗原时,就会发生这种情况。当免疫系统对病原体发动攻击时,也会发生类似的分子攻击。有些人继承基因,从而增加其自发性疾病的风险。女性性激素也可能增加这种风险。这或许可以解释为什么自发性疾病在女性中比男性更为常见,为什么通常从此以后就开始出现。Summary
::摘要-
Relatively common autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
::相对常见的自发性疾病包括风湿类关节炎、1型糖尿病、多发性硬化症和系统性风疹。 -
Treatment currently available either suppresses the immune system or relieves symptoms; there is no cure.
::目前可以得到的治疗要么抑制免疫系统,要么缓解症状;没有治疗方法。 -
One possible cause of autoimmune disease is molecular mimicry; the body attacks its own cells that have similar molecules to those of pathogens.
::造成自动免疫疾病的一个可能原因是分子模仿;身体攻击自己的细胞,细胞与病原体的分子相似。
Review
::回顾-
Are there currently any cures for autoimmune diseases?
::目前是否有自发免疫疾病治疗方法? -
Explain how autoimmunity might develop from molecular mimicry.
::解释一下分子模仿如何发展自动豁免。 -
What are some factors that might increase risk for autoimmune disease?
::哪些因素可能增加自发免疫疾病的风险?
-
Relatively common autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
