4.10 摘要:指数函数和对数函数
Section outline
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Chapter Summary
::章次摘要Exponential and logarithmic functions help model many real-world situations, such as population growth and compounded interest. For example, a small town's population is given by where t is the number of years since 1950. Populations rarely grow in an unbounded fashion in the long run. The logistic model improves on exponential growth models for real-world application.
::指数和对数功能有助于模拟许多现实世界的情况,例如人口增长和复合兴趣。例如,一个小城镇的人口由P(t)=2 000(1.5)t提供,那里的人口是1950年以来的年数。从长远看,人口很少以不受限制的方式增长。后勤模式改进了用于现实世界应用的指数增长模式。Furthermore, nearly all investment accounts use compounded interest, which is determined by the exponential function
::此外,几乎所有投资账户都使用由指数函数A(t)=p(1+rn)nt决定的复合利息。Using the rules of exponents and properties of logarithms and solving exponential and logarithmic equations make it possible to solve these sorts of problems.
::使用指数规则和对数特性,解决指数式和对数方程,就有可能解决这类问题。To solve an exponential equation:
::要解析指数方程式 :-
Isolate the exponential part of the equation. If there are two exponential parts, then rewrite so there is an exponential on each side of the equation.
::分离方程式的指数部分。 如果有两个指数部分, 请重写, 这样方程式的每侧都有指数部分 。 -
Take the logarithm of each side of the equation.
::以方程每侧的对数取出方程的对数 。 -
Solve for the variable.
::解决变量。 -
Check your solution.
::检查你的解决方案。
To solve logarithmic equations, use the following:
::要解析对数方程式,请使用以下公式:-
One-to-one properties:
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if and only if
::A=B 如果且仅在 bA=bB 的情况下 A=B -
if and only if
::A=B,如果且只有对数bA=logbB,A=B。
::一对一属性:A=B,如果且仅在 bA=BA A=B 时才为B,如果且只有在对数bA=logbB的情况下才为B。 -
if and only if
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Rewrite the equation as an exponential equation using
.
::使用 logbx=yby=x 将方程式重写为指数方程式 。
Review
::回顾Try the following cumulative review problems to practice the concepts in this chapter:
::尝试下列累积审查问题来实践本章中的概念: -
Isolate the exponential part of the equation. If there are two exponential parts, then rewrite so there is an exponential on each side of the equation.