20.1能源资源
Section outline
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How can a trip to an amusement park be a learning experience?
::游乐园之旅怎么会是学习经验呢?Amusement parks use the laws of physics to generate fun! Gravity, energy , centrifugal forces are all harnessed on various rides. Which is your favorite?
::坚固的公园使用物理定律来创造乐趣! 重力、 能量、 离心力 都用在各种交通工具上。 您最喜欢哪种?Energy
::能源能源能源Energy is the ability to move. Energy can also change matter from one state to another (for example, from solid to liquid). Every living thing needs energy to live and grow.
::能源是移动的能力。 能源也可以从一个州改变物质到另一个州(比如从固体到液体 ) 。 每个生物都需要能源来生存和成长。What makes energy available whenever you need it? If you unplug a lamp, the light goes off. The lamp does not have a supply of energy to keep itself lit. The lamp uses electricity that comes through the outlet as its source of energy. The electricity comes from a power plant. The power plant has a source of energy to produce this electricity.
::当你需要能源的时候,是什么使能源可用?如果你拔除灯泡,灯光就会熄灭。灯光没有能维持照明的能量供应。灯光用电力作为能源来源,电源来自发电厂。电源来自发电厂,发电厂有生产这种电力的能源来源。Fuel
::燃料燃料燃料燃料燃料燃料燃料燃料燃料燃料The energy to make the electricity comes from fuel . Fuel stores the energy and releases it when it is needed. Fuel is any material that can release energy in a chemical change. The food you eat acts as a fuel for your body. Gasoline and diesel fuel are fuels that provide the energy for most cars, trucks, and buses. But there are many different kinds of fuel.
::发电的能源来自燃料; 燃料储存能源,并在需要时释放能源; 燃料是化学变化中释放能源的任何材料; 食物是身体的燃料; 汽油和柴油是燃料,为大多数汽车、卡车和公共汽车提供能源。 但燃料种类多种多样。For fuel to be useful, its energy must be released in a way that can be controlled.
::要使燃料有用,就必须以能够控制的方式释放燃料的能量。Heat
::热热热When fuel is burned, most of the energy is released as heat . Some of this heat can be used to do work. Heat cooks food or warms your house. Sometimes the heat is just waste heat. It still heats the environment, though.
::当燃料燃烧时,大部分能源会释放成为热能,有些热能可以用来工作,热能会煮饭或温暖房子,有时热能只是浪费热量,但环境仍然会热。Heat from a wood fire can boil a pot of water . If you put an egg in the pot, you can eat a hard boiled egg in 15 minutes (cool it down first!). The energy to cook the egg was stored in the wood. The wood got that energy from the when it was part of a tree. The Sun generated the energy by nuclear fusion . You started the fire with a match. The head of the match stores energy as chemical energy . That energy lights the wood on fire. The fire burns as long as there is energy in the wood. Once the wood has burned up, there is no energy left in it. The fire goes out.
::柴火的热能可以煮水壶。 如果你把鸡蛋放进锅里, 你可以在15分钟内吃一个煮熟的鸡蛋(先冷却它! ) 。 煮鸡蛋的能量储存在木头中。 木头从树的那一部份得到能量。 太阳通过核聚变产生能量。 你用火点燃了火。 火柴的头将能量作为化学能量储存起来。 火能点燃木柴。 只要木材里有能量, 火就会燃烧。 一旦木柴烧焦, 火就没有能量了。 火会熄灭 。Using Energy
::利用能源Your body gets its energy from food, but that is only a small part of the energy you use every day . Cooking your food takes energy, and so does keeping it cold in the refrigerator or the freezer. The same is true for heating or cooling your home. Whether you are turning on a light in the kitchen or riding in a car to school, you are using energy. Billions of people all around the world use energy, so there is a huge demand for resources to provide all of this energy. Why do we need so much energy? The main reason is that almost everything that happens on Earth involves energy.
::你的身体从食物中得到能量,但这只是你每天使用能量的一小部分。 烹饪食物需要能量, 冷却在冰箱或冷冻室里也能保持冷却。 取暖或冷却家庭也是如此。 无论你在厨房里开灯或者开车上学, 你都在使用能源。 全世界有数十亿人使用能源, 因此对资源的需求很大, 以提供所有这种能源。 为什么我们需要这么多能源? 主要原因是地球上几乎所有发生的事情都涉及能源。This lantern festival uses hundreds of candles for light.
::灯笼节用上百根蜡烛点亮灯光。The Sources of Earth's Energy
::地球的能源来源Almost all energy comes from the Sun. Plants make food energy from sunlight. Fossil fuels are made of the remains of plants and animals that stored the Sun's energy millions of years ago.
::几乎所有的能量都来自太阳。植物从阳光中产生食物能量。化石燃料是由几百万年前储存太阳能量的植物和动物的残骸组成的。The Sun heats some areas more than others, which causes wind . The Sun's energy also drives the water cycle , which moves water over the surface of Earth. Both wind and water power can be used as renewable resources .
::太阳使一些地区比其他地区更热,造成风。太阳的能量也驱动着水循环,水循环将水移到地球表面。风能和水力都可用作可再生资源。Earth's internal heat does not depend on the Sun for energy. This heat comes from remnant heat when the planet formed. It also comes from the decay of radioactive elements . Radioactivity is an important source of energy.
::地球的内部热量并不取决于太阳的能量。 这种热量来自地球形成时的残余热量。 它也来自放射性元素的衰减。 放射性是一个重要的能源来源。Summary
::摘要- Energy is the ability to do work or change matter.
::能源是从事工作或改变物质的能力。
- Energy from the Sun drives atmospheric processes on Earth, which leads to wind.
::来自太阳的能量驱动着地球的大气过程, 导致风。
- Ancient energy from the Sun is stored in fossil fuels.
::来自太阳的古老能源储存在化石燃料中。
Review
::回顾- What is energy?
::什么是能源?
- What does it mean to say that energy changes matter from one state to another?
::能源变化从一个州到另一个州的意义何在?
- What are fuel and heat?
::什么是燃料和热量?
- Where does the lamp in the room you're in now get its energy?
::你房间的灯在哪里 得到它的能量?
Explore More
::探索更多Use this resource to answer the questions that follow.
::使用此资源回答下面的问题 。- What is energy? Where is energy? Where is energy in the universe?
::能量是什么 能量在哪里 宇宙中的能量在哪里
- Define energy. What do you apply?
::能源的定义。您应用什么 ?
- Where do you get your energy? What type of energy is that?
::你从哪里来的能量?
- What type of energy does a log have? What happens if you add heat to the log?
::日志的能量是什么类型的? 如果在日志上加热会怎样?
- What is nuclear energy? What would happen if you could release the nuclear energy in a log?
::核能是什么?如果你能在日志中释放核能,会发生什么?
- What is the same thing as energy?
::能源是一回事吗?
- What does dark energy do?
::暗能量能做什么?
- Where does energy go? How is it created? What happens to energy? What is the universe in terms of energy?
::能源会流向哪里?它是如何创造的?能源会怎么样?宇宙在能源方面是什么?
- Energy is the ability to do work or change matter.
