10.12实体图的分类
章节大纲
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While on a social studies class trip to the museum, Maurice and Timothy were admiring the tall columns in one of the museum's galleries. The six circular columns extended from their flat base on the floor 12 feet upward to the ceiling. Maurice believed the columns were prisms, while Timothy argued that they were cylinders. Who was right?
::莫里斯和提摩西在社会研究课上参观博物馆时,正在欣赏博物馆的一个画廊的高柱子。 6个圆柱子从他们平坦的地基向上延伸12英尺至天花板。 莫里斯认为这些柱子是棱镜,而提摩西则认为它们是圆柱子。 谁是正确的?In this concept, you will learn to classify .
::在此概念中,您将学会分类 。Classifying Solid Figures
::分类固体数字Figures can be classified according to their dimensions . Two-dimensional figures are plane figures , or "flat" figures. A plane figure is a flat figure that does not have depth to it.
::二维数字是平面数字,或“平面”数字。平面数字是一个平面数字,没有深度。Here are some examples of plane figures.
::以下是飞机数字的一些例子。Here you have a circle , a triangle and a rectangle . You can see that these figures have been created on one plane. They are two-dimensional figures.
::这里有一个圆形、一个三角形和一个矩形。 您可以看到这些数字是在一个平面上创建的。 它们都是二维的数字 。Then, there are three-dimensional figures or solid figures . Solid figures are not limited to one plane and have depth. There are many different types of solid figures.
::然后,有三维数字或实数。实数不仅限于一平面,而且具有深度。有多种不同类型的实数。Let's take a look at a few solid figures.
::让我们看看几个可靠的数字。A prism is a figure that has two parallel congruent bases. The bases can be any polygon . Here is an example of a familiar prism.
::棱镜是一个具有两个平行相容基数的数字。 基数可以是任何多边形。 这是一个熟悉棱镜的例子 。This is a cube. A cube is a type of prism. Notice that the two bases of the cube are squares. One is on the top and the other is on the bottom.
::这是立方体。 立方体是一种棱镜。 注意立方体的两个基点是方形。 一个在顶部, 另一个在底部。Prisms are classified and named by the number of sides and flat planes in the . Here are some common prisms.
::棱柱被分类,并按侧面和平面的编号命名。这里有一些共同的棱柱。Triangular prisms – 3 sides or flat planes
::三角棱镜 — — 3面或平面平面Rectangular prisms and Cubes – 4 sides or flat planes
::矩形棱镜和立方体 - 4面或平面Pentagonal prisms – 5 sides or flat planes
::五角形棱镜 — — 五面或平面飞机Hexagonal prisms – 6 sides or flat planes
::六边或平平面六边或平面六角棱晶Cylinders are common in everyday life as well. A cylinder has two bases that are circles. A rectangle is wrapped around the bases forming the center . Here is an image of a cylinder.
::圆柱体在日常生活中也很常见。 圆柱体有两个圆圈基。 矩形环绕着形成圆柱体的基体。 这是圆柱体的图像 。A pyramid has one polygon as a base and sides that are triangular faces and connect in one vertex at the top.
::金字塔有一个多边形作为底部和侧面,是三角面,在顶部的一个顶端连接。A cone has one circular base and the sides of the cone meet in one vertex at the top. The sides are one piece that is wrapped around the circular base forming a single vertex.
::圆锥体有一个圆形底部, 圆锥的两侧会在一个顶端的顶端相交。 圆锥体的两侧是环形底部的一块包裹, 形成一个单一的顶端 。A sphere has a set of connected points located around one center point . While circular in form, it is also three dimensional . An example of a sphere is a baseball.
::一个球体有一个中心点周围的一组连接点。 虽然圆形的形式是圆形的, 但它也是三维的。 一个球体的一个例子就是棒球。Examples
::实例Example 1
::例1Earlier, you were given a problem about Maurice and Timothy's debate about the columns at the museum.
::之前,你得到一个问题 关于莫里斯和提摩西的辩论 关于博物馆的专栏。Maurice believed the columns were prisms because they had two flat bases that were congruent to each other. Timothy agreed with Maurice about the two flat bases but insisted that, because the bases were circles and the columns didn't have any flat planes, they were cylinders.
::Timothy同意Maurice的说法,但坚持说,因为基地是圆圈,而圆柱没有平面,所以它们是圆筒。First, recall the definition of both prisms and cylinders as you look at the column below.
::首先,请记住棱晶和圆柱的定义,请看下列。Prisms have two flat, congruent bases and sides that are flat planes. Cylinders have two flat, congruent bases that are circles and no flat planes for sides.
::棱柱有两座平坦的平坦基地和两侧是平坦的平坦飞机。 圆柱有两座平坦的平坦基地,圆圈,两侧没有平坦的平坦的平坦飞机。The columns had bases that were circles and no flat planes for sides, so the columns were cylinders.
::柱子的底部是圆圈,两侧没有平面的平面,所以柱子是圆柱。The answer is Timothy is right – the columns are cylinders.
::答案是Timothy是对的 柱子是圆柱Example 2
::例2Identify the solid figure displayed here.
::识别显示在此的固态数字 。First, identify the object.
::首先,识别对象。It is a box and has two congruent bases. Looking at the edges, the box has rectangular faces because the length and width of the sides are not equal.
::它是一个框, 有两个相似的基点。 查看边缘, 盒子有长方形面, 因为边的长度和宽度不相等 。Next, identify the type of solid figures that have congruent bases and rectangular faces.
::接下来,确定具有相容基数和矩形面的固态数字类型。The answer is a prism.
::答案是一个棱镜。Example 3
::例3Identify the solid figure.
::识别坚固的数字。First, identify the shape and any flat planes the object has.
::首先,识别物体的形状和任何平面。This object has a circular shape with two flat bases.
::此对象具有两个平坦基的圆形。The answer is it is a cylinder.
::答案是它是一个圆筒。Example 4
::例4Identify the solid figure.
::识别坚固的数字。First, identify the shape and any flat planes the object has.
::首先,识别物体的形状和任何平面。This object is circular and has no flat planes or edges.
::此对象为圆形,没有平面或边缘。The answer is it is a sphere.
::答案是它是一个球体。Example 5
::例5Identify the solid figure.
::识别坚固的数字。First, identify the shape and any flat planes the object has.
::首先,识别物体的形状和任何平面。It is shaped like a square and has 6 flat planes – 2 congruent bases and 4 faces.
::它的形状像一个方形,有6架平面——2架相同的基地和4张脸。The answer is a cube.
::答案是立方体Review
::回顾Look at each figure or picture and determine whether each is a prism, pyramid, cylinder, cone or sphere.
::看看每个图或图,确定每个图或图是棱晶、金字塔、圆柱、锥形还是球体。-
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Name each type of prism.
::列出每一种棱镜。-
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What type of figure has a circular base and one vertex?
::什么样的数字有一个圆形基和一个顶点?
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