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  • 地图上的坐标位置

    lesson content
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    ::[图1] \

    Ian finds an old map when he's going through his grandfather's attic. It seems to be a pirate map of the Spanish Main. On the back of it, he sees scrawled a hasty X and the numbers: 26.5 and 81. He suspects that this map leads to treasure. But where is it?
    ::伊恩在穿过他祖父的阁楼时找到了一张旧地图。 似乎是西班牙主线的海盗地图。 在地图后面, 他看到一个匆忙的X和数字: 26. 5和81。 他怀疑这张地图通往宝藏。 但是它在哪里呢?

    In this concept, you will learn how to use  coordinates  to locate a place on a map.
    ::在这个概念中,你将学会如何使用坐标在地图上找到位置。

    Using Coordinates to Locate Places on Maps
    ::使用坐标定位地图位置

    A  coordinate grid  is a grid in which points are graphed. It usually has two or more intersecting lines which divide a plane into  quadrants , and in which ordered pairs, or coordinates, are defined. 
    ::坐标网格是绘制点图的网格。它通常有两个或两个以上的交叉线,将平面分成四重方,并定义定购的对方或座标。

    Maps also use  coordinates . Around the edges of maps are numbers and sometimes letters. These define the location of cities, states, and other physical entities and landmarks. Most maps use degrees. These define the  latitude  and  longitude .
    ::地图还使用坐标。地图边缘周围是数字,有时是字母。这些地图确定了城市、州和其他物理实体和地标的位置。大多数地图使用度。这些地图确定了纬度和经度。

    Longitude  is the measure, in degrees, of lines  vertically  on a map. Depending on how the map is made, these lines are sometimes curved.
    ::经度是测量地图上垂直线条的度量。视地图的绘制方式,这些线条有时会弯曲。

    Latitude  is the measure, in degrees, of lines  horizontally  on a map.
    ::纬度是地图上水平线的度量。

    These degrees are written as ordered pairs with the latitude listed first and the longitude listed second. Here is an example of a world map with the latitude and longitude lines overlaid on it. For lines to the left of 0° or below the equator, there is in implied negative sign. Sometimes coordinates are also written with directions. 30°S is the latitude line beneath the Tropic of Cancer on the map below. 
    ::这些度是按顺序排列的对数写成的,其纬度首先列出,经度第二列出。这里是世界地图的一个例子,其纬度和经度线覆盖在地图上。对于向左纬度或赤道下方的线,则有隐含的负符号。有时,坐标也用方向书写。30°S是下方图中癌症热带下方的纬度线。

    You can identify different locations on a map if you have the coordinates of the location. For example, which country is located at 30°, 140°?
    ::如果您有地图上的坐标, 您可以在地图上找到不同的位置。 例如, 哪个国家位于 30 °, 140 ° ?

    First, identify the latitude line.
    ::首先,确定纬度线

    In this case, it is below the Tropic of Capricorn line and it goes through Australia and South America.
    ::在此情况下,它位于摩托热带线以下,穿过澳大利亚和南美洲。

    Next, identify the longitude line. 
    ::下一个,确定经度线。

    In this case, it is off to the right and it seems to go mainly through eastern Europe and Australia.
    ::在这种情况下,它向右转,似乎主要通过东欧和澳大利亚。

    Then, decide where they converge.
    ::然后,决定他们聚集在哪里。

    In this example, they both pass through Australia, so that is the country that exists at those coordinates.
    ::在这个例子中,它们都经过澳大利亚,所以就是这些坐标处的国家。

    Examples
    ::实例

    Example 1
    ::例1

    Earlier, you were given a problem about Ian and his pirate treasure.
    ::早些时候,你得到一个问题 关于伊恩和他的海盗宝藏。

    He has found a map with what he suspects are coordinates pointing to pirate treasure, but he doesn't know where to dig. The coordinates say 26.5 and 81.
    ::他找到了一张地图 上面有他怀疑的坐标 指向海盗的宝藏 但他不知道该挖哪里

    lesson content

    First, he decides which coordinate is which. 
    ::首先,他决定哪个协调是哪个。

    26.5 must be the latitude because the numbers don't go that low on the bottom. That means that 81 is the longitude.
    ::26.5 必须是纬度, 因为数字不会在底部达到那么低。 这意味着81是经度 。

    Next, he locates the latitude and then the longitude of the point. 
    ::接下来,他定位了纬度 然后是点的经度

    That latitude seems to go through the Atlantic Ocean and some islands.
    ::这一纬度似乎穿过大西洋和一些岛屿。

    That longitude seems to go up through Cuba and then Florida.
    ::这种经度似乎穿过古巴,然后经过佛罗里达。

    Then, he finds where they converge.
    ::然后,他找到它们汇合的地方

    They seem to meet up in the Florida Keys.
    ::他们好像在佛罗里达钥匙区碰头

    He concludes that the booty is in the Keys. He starts dreaming up get-rich-quick schemes that will get him to Florida so he can start digging.
    ::他总结说,战利品在钥匙里,他开始梦想着 将他带到佛罗里达 以便他可以开始挖掘。

    Example 2
    ::例2

    In the map above, identify the state found at (40°N, 80°W).
    ::在上述地图中,标明在(40°N,80°W)发现的状态。

    First, find the latitude. This is the horizontal line.
    ::首先,找到纬度,这是水平线

    In this case, it is 40°N. This line goes through the middle of the map. It crosses Montana, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.
    ::这条线横跨蒙大拿州、伊利诺伊州、印第安纳州、俄亥俄州和宾夕法尼亚州。

    Next, find the longitude.
    ::下一个,找到经度

    In this case it is 80°W. Starting in South Carolina, it goes up through North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania.
    ::从南卡罗来纳州开始,它穿过北卡罗来纳州、弗吉尼亚州、西弗吉尼亚州和宾夕法尼亚州。

    Then, find the state where they converge.
    ::然后,找到他们聚集的状态。

    Pennsylvania is the only state that both lines go through, so it is the answer.
    ::宾夕法尼亚州是两条线通过的唯一州, 所以这是答案。

    In the following examples, use the map of the world below to identify the countries given by the corresponding latitude and longitudes.
    ::在以下例子中,使用下面的世界地图来确定相应的纬度和经度给定的国家。

    Example 3
    ::例3

    (0°, 60°W)
    :伤心0°,60°W)

    First, find the latitude. This is the horizontal line.
    ::首先,找到纬度,这是水平线

    In this case, it is 0°, which is also known as the equator.
    ::在这种情况下,为0°,也称为赤道。

    Next, find the longitude.
    ::下一个,找到经度

    In this case it is 60°W. It is in what we call the "Western Hemisphere", and it mostly passes through South America.
    ::这个是60°W,我们称之为“西半球”, 大部分经过南美。

    Then, find where they converge.
    ::然后找出它们汇合的地方

    In this case, they converge in Brazil.
    ::在这种情况下,它们在巴西汇合。

    Example 4
    ::例4

    (35°N, 90°W)
    :伤心35°零,90°W)

    First, find the latitude. This is the horizontal line.
    ::首先,找到纬度,这是水平线

    In this case, it is 35°N. It is above 30°N in the Northern Hemisphere. It goes through North America, Africa, and Asia.
    ::在这种情况下,北半球为35°N,北半球为30°N以上,横跨北美、非洲和亚洲。

    Next, find the longitude.
    ::下一个,找到经度

    In this case it is 90°W. It goes mostly through Central and North America.
    ::在这种情况下,其高度为90°W,主要穿过中美洲和北美洲。

    Then, find where they converge.
    ::然后找出它们汇合的地方

    In this case, they converge in the United States.
    ::在这种情况下,他们聚集在美国。

    Example 5
    ::例5

    (35°N, 90°E)
    :伤心35°零,90°E)

    First, find the latitude. This is the horizontal line.
    ::首先,找到纬度,这是水平线

    In this case, it is 35°N. It is above 30°N in the Northern Hemisphere. It goes through North America, Africa, and Asia.
    ::在这种情况下,北半球为35°N,北半球为30°N以上,横跨北美、非洲和亚洲。

    Next, find the longitude.
    ::下一个,找到经度

    In this case it is 90°E. It goes up through Asia.
    ::这个是90摄氏度,穿过亚洲

    Then, find where they converge.
    ::然后找出它们汇合的地方

    In this case, they converge in China.

    ::在这种情况下,它们聚集在中国。

    Review
    ::回顾

    Use a map of the United States to identify each city on the map according to latitude and longitude.
    ::使用美国的地图来根据纬度和经度确定地图上的每个城市。

    1. What is at  61 ∘ , 149 ∘ ?
      ::61 149是什么?
    2. What is at  30 ∘ , 97 ∘ ?
      ::什么是在30,97?
    3. What is at  39 ∘ , 71 ∘ ?
      ::什么是39 , 71 ?
    4. What is at  41 ∘ , 87 ∘ ?
      ::什么是41 , 87 ?
    5. What is at  41 ∘ , 81 ∘ ?
      ::什么是41, 81, 81?
    6. What is at  21 ∘ , 157 ∘ ?
      ::21号 157号是什么?
    7. What is at  44 ∘ , 123 ∘ ?
      ::44 123 是什么情况?
    8. What is at  30 ∘ , 81 ∘ ?
      ::什么是30,81?
    9. What is at  36 ∘ , 115 ∘ ?
      ::36号 115号是什么?
    10. What is at  34 ∘ , 118 ∘ ?
      ::34 118 什么是34 118?
    11. What is at  35 ∘ , 78 ∘ ?
      ::35号,78号,是多少?
    12. What is at  37 ∘ , 77 ∘ ?
      ::37号,77号是什么?
    13. What is at  38 ∘ , 90 ∘ ?
      ::什么是38 90 ?
    14. What is at  27 ∘ , 82 ∘ ?
      ::什么是27,82? 27,82?
    15. What is at  38 ∘ , 77 ∘ ?
      ::什么是在38 \ \ \ 77 \ ?