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  • 适当的公制测量工具

    lesson content


    Maya and her family live in Australia. At school Maya is learning about water conservation. She takes a survey online about how her family uses water at home. It asks her questions about how long their showers are, how often they do laundry or run the dishwasher, and whether they water their lawn. Then, the program estimates how much water her family uses in a year. How can Maya determine what metric unit would be most appropriate for this estimate?
    ::玛雅和她的家人住在澳大利亚。 在学校玛雅人正在学习节水问题。 她通过网络调查她的家人如何在家里用水。 她问她关于淋浴时间有多长,他们经常洗衣服或管理洗碗机,以及他们是否给草坪浇水的问题。 然后,这个计划估计了一年中她的家庭用水量。 玛雅人如何确定这个估计最合适的衡量单位?

    In this concept, you will learn how to choose appropriate tools and units for given metric measurement situations.
    ::在这个概念中,你们将学会如何选择适当的工具和单位,用于特定计量情况。

    Choosing Appropriate Tools and Units for Metric Measurement
    ::选择适当的计量工具和单位

    The  metric system  is the system of measurement primarily used in science and in countries outside of the United States. The metric system includes units of  length  (meters), mass (grams), and  capacity  (liters).
    ::衡量系统是主要用于科学和美国以外国家的测量系统,包括长度(米)、质量(克)和能力(升)的单位。

    When you want to measure something, the first thing you need to decide is what unit of measurement you want to use. You want to use the unit that most closely matches the object you are measuring. You wouldn't want to measure the volume of a swimming pool in milliliters - the number would be too big!
    ::当您想要测量某物时, 首先需要决定您要使用的测量单位是哪个单位。 您想要使用与您测量的对象最接近的单位。 您不想用毫升来衡量游泳池的体积, 这个数字会太大 !

    Here are some real world measurement benchmarks to help you to decide the best unit of measurement.
    ::以下是一些真实世界的衡量基准,帮助你们决定衡量的最佳单位。

    Length:
    ::长度 :

    • A grain of sand is about 1  millimeter  long
      ::一粒沙子大约1毫米长
    • A paperclip is about 1  centimeter  wide
      ::剪纸机大约1厘米宽
    • A table could be about 1  meter  tall
      ::一张桌子大概1米高
    • A road could be about 1  kilometer  long
      ::一条公路可能长约1公里

    Mass:
    ::质量 :

    • A speck of dust could weigh about 1 milligram
      ::一小片灰尘可能重约1毫克
    • A paperclip weighs about 1 gram
      ::纸剪的重量约1克
    • A kitten could weigh about 1 kilogram
      ::一只小猫可能体重约1公斤

    Volume:
    ::音量 :

    • An eyedropper holds about 1 milliliter
      ::1毫升左右的眼透镜
    • A juice box holds about 25 centiliters
      ::果汁盒里有大约25厘米
    • A soda bottle holds about 1 liter
      ::苏打汽水瓶装着约1升
    • A kid’s pool could hold about 1 kiloliter
      ::儿童游泳池可容纳大约1千立升

    Here is an example.
    ::举一个例子。

    Choose the appropriate metric unit to measure the weight of a pencil.
    ::选择测量铅笔重量的适当公分单位。

    First, notice that you are looking for a weight. A pencil weighs more than a paperclip but less than a kitten. This means it would be best measured in grams.
    ::首先,请注意您正在寻找一个重量。 铅笔比纸剪重多, 但比小猫小。 这意味着用克来衡量最好。

    The answer is the weight of a pencil would be best measured in grams.
    ::答案是铅笔的重量 最好用克来衡量

    Once you have determined the appropriate unit of measurement, you can select an appropriate tool for measuring.
    ::一旦确定了适当的计量单位,就可以选择适当的计量工具。

    When measuring the length a small item, it is best to use a  metric ruler . You can use metric rulers to measure in millimeters,  , and  .
    ::当测量一个小项的长度时, 最好使用一个公尺尺。 您可以使用公尺尺来测量毫米, 和 。

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    When measuring the weight or mass of a small object, you can use a scale or a balance. You can use a scale to measure milligrams, centigrams, grams, and small numbers of kilograms.
    ::当测量一个小对象的重量或质量时,您可以使用一个比例或平衡。您可以使用一个比例来衡量毫克、厘米、克和小公斤。

    lesson content

    When measuring small amounts of capacity, you can use a graduated cylinder. Graduated cylinders can measure milliliters and centiliters.
    ::当测量小容量时,您可以使用毕业气瓶。毕业气瓶可以测量毫升和厘米。

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    Here is an example.
    ::举一个例子。

    Choose the appropriate tool for measuring the weight of a golf ball.
    ::选择测量高尔夫球重量的适当工具 。

    First, notice that you are looking for the weight of a small object. This means you should use a balance or a scale to do the measurement.
    ::首先,请注意您正在寻找一个小对象的重量。 这意味着您应该使用平衡或比例来进行测量 。

    The answer is the weight of a golf ball could be measured with a scale.
    ::答案是高尔夫球的重量 可以用一个尺度来衡量

    Here is another example.
    ::下面是另一个例子。

    Choose the appropriate tool for measuring the volume of water in a chemical solution.
    ::选择测量化学溶液中水量的适当工具。

    First, notice that you are looking for a volume which is the same as capacity. There is likely a small amount of water in a chemical solution so you can use a graduated cylinder to do the measurement.
    ::首先,请注意您正在寻找一个与容量相同的体积。 化学溶液中可能存在少量水, 这样您就可以使用一个已毕业的气瓶进行测量 。

    The answer is the amount of water in a chemical solution could be measured with a graduated cylinder.
    ::答案是化学溶液中的水量可以用一个分级气瓶测量。

    Examples
    ::实例

    Example 1
    ::例1

    Earlier, you were given a problem about Maya and her family in Australia.
    ::早些时候,你在澳洲 遇到玛雅和她家人的问题

    Maya took a survey about her family's water usage in order to estimate how much water her family uses in a year. Maya wonders what metric unit would be most appropriate for this estimate.
    ::玛雅人对家庭用水情况进行了调查,以估计一年中家庭用水量。 玛雅人想知道这一估计最合适的衡量单位是多少。

    First Maya should notice that she will be using a metric unit of capacity. The amount of water a family uses in a year is a large amount of water - more than the amount of water in a pool! This means kiloliters would be the best unit of measurement.
    ::首先,玛雅人应该注意到,她将使用一个容量单位。一年中家庭用水的数量是大量的水,超过了池塘的水量。这意味着千立升将是最好的测量单位。

    The answer is that the family's water usage for the year would be best measured in kiloliters.
    ::答案是全年家庭用水量最好用千立升来衡量。

    Example 2
    ::例2

    Choose the appropriate metric unit for the following measurements.
    ::为以下测量选择适当的衡量单位。

    1. The volume of a jug of milk.
      ::一壶牛奶的容量。
    2. The distance between your house and your school.
      ::你的房子和学校之间的距离

    For part a, first notice that you are looking for a volume which is a capacity. A jug of milk holds about the same amount of liquid as a bottle of soda. This means its volume would be best measured in liters.
    ::对于 a 部分, 首先通知您正在寻找一个容量的体积。 一罐牛奶的液体与一瓶苏打水的容量相同。 这意味着其体积最好用公升数来衡量。

    The answer to part a is the volume of a jug of milk would be best measured in liters.
    ::A部分的答案是一罐牛奶的量量最好用公升数衡量。

    For part b, first notice that you are looking for a distance which is a length. The distance between your house and your school likely contains at least one road and is definitely longer than a table. This means it would be best measured in kilometers.
    ::对于 b 部分, 首先请注意您正在寻找一个长度的距离。 您家和学校之间的距离可能至少包含一条道路, 并且肯定比一张桌子长。 这意味着用公里来测量最好。

    The answer to part b is the distance between your house and your school would be best measured in kilometers.
    ::B部分的答案是 你的房子和学校之间的距离 最好用公里来衡量

    Example 3
    ::例3

    What is the best tool to measure a bag of flour?
    ::衡量一袋面粉的最佳工具是什么?

    First, notice that you are looking for a weight. A typical bag of flour is something that you can carry, so it is not too big. This means you should use a balance or a scale to do the measurement.
    ::首先,请注意您正在寻找一个重量。 典型的一袋面粉是您可以携带的东西, 所以它不会太大。 这意味着您应该使用平衡或比例来进行测量 。

    The answer is the weight of a bag of flour could be measured with a scale.
    ::答案是一袋面粉的重量可以用一个尺度来衡量。

    Example 4
    ::例4

    What is the best tool to measure the length of a table?
    ::衡量表格长度的最佳工具是什么?

    First, notice that you are looking for a length. A typical table is no more than a few meters long. This means you should use a meter stick to do the measurement.
    ::首先,请注意您正在寻找一个长度。 典型的表格不超过几米长。 这意味着您应该使用一个计表棒进行测量 。

    The answer is the length of a table could be measured with a meter stick.
    ::答案是表格的长度可以用计表棒测量。

    Example 5
    ::例5

    What is the best tool to measure the amount of water in a glass?
    ::衡量杯中水量的最佳工具是什么?

    First, notice that you are looking for a volume which is the same as capacity. You can use a graduated cylinder to do the measurement.
    ::首先,请注意您正在寻找一个与容量相同的音量。您可以使用一个已毕业的气瓶进行测量。

    The answer is the amount of water in a glass could be measured with a graduated cylinder.
    ::答案是玻璃杯中的水量可以用一个毕业的圆筒测量。

    Review
    ::回顾

    Choose the appropriate tool for the following measurements.
    ::为以下测量选择适当的工具。

    1. The volume of a water balloon
      ::水气球的体积
    2. The length of a basketball court
      ::篮球法院的长度
    3. The weight of an apple
      ::苹果的重量
    4. The volume of a milk carton
      ::牛奶箱的体积

    Choose the appropriate unit for the following measurements.
    ::为下列测量选择适当的单位。

    1. The distance between two towns
      ::两个城镇之间的距离
    2. The weight of a peanut
      ::花生的重量
    3. The length of a hand
      ::手的长度
    4. The volume of a raindrop
      ::雨滴的声量
    5. The weight of a person
      ::一个人的体重
    6. The weight of a bag of sand
      ::一袋沙的重量
    7. The height of a table
      ::表格的高度

    Solve each problem.
    ::解决每一个问题。

    1. The town square has a length of 39.2 meters and a width of 17.5 meters. What is the perimeter of the square? [Remember:  P = 2 l + 2 w ]
      ::该镇广场长39.2米,宽17.5米。 广场的周界是什么? [记得:P=2l+2w]
    2. A pharmacist mixing cough syrup mixes 1,550 milliliters of syrup, 725 milliliters of cherry flavor and 1.25 liters of water. Once mixed, what is the total volume of the cough syrup in liters?
      ::一种混合咳嗽糖浆的药剂师混合了1,550毫升糖浆、725毫升樱桃味和1.25升水。 一旦混合,每升糖浆中咳嗽糖浆的总量是多少?
    3. A stable houses horses with the following weights. Arnaud: 331.6 kg; Josie: 331,061 g; Max: 331,612 g; Taboo: 331.61 kg. Order the horses from greatest to least weight.
      ::Arnaud:331.6公斤;Josie:331 061克;Max:331 612克;Taboo:331.61公斤;马的重量从最大到最小。
    4. At the farmer’s market, Josh bought 1.5 kilograms of oranges, 150 grams of grapes, and 15,000 centigrams of apples. How many grams of fruit did he buy in all?
      ::在农贸市场,Josh购买了1.5公斤橙子、150克葡萄和15 000厘米苹果。 他总共购买了多少克水果?

    Review (Answers)
    ::回顾(答复)