About
::关于

Inkscape  is a free and open source (FOSS)  Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)  editor software program. The creations can be used in web, print and screen design as well as user interface designs, logos, icons, banners and material cutting. Its capabilities are similar to those of commercial products and can be used for any number of pratical reasons such as letterheads, computer and material wallpapers, brochures, business cards and web page designs.
::墨景是一个免费开源 (FOSS) 可扩展矢量图形 (SVG) 编辑器软件程序.其创作可以用于网络,印刷和屏幕设计以及用户界面设计,标志,图标,横幅和材料切割.其功能与商业产品相似,可以用于任何实际原因,如信头,计算机和材料壁纸,小册子,名片和网页设计.

Inkscape's stated goal is to become a powerful graphic tool and being fully compliant with the World Wide Web Consortium's (W3C)  Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)  1.1 standard. As part of this challenge for standard compliance, Inkscape changed its version release notation to reflect its progress of the SVG 1.1 standard and changed its release identification between releases v0.48 and v0.91. The v0.91 reflects that Inkscape is at 82% compliance of the SVG 1.1 standard. While the SVG 1.1 standard compliance is its main goal, other closely related standards are also on the horizon:  XML ,  CSS  and  HTML5 . Most notably, it does not support animations or SVG fonts. As of this writing, Inkscape is at version 0.91.
::作为标准合规的挑战的一部分,Inkscape改变了其版本发布标记,以反映其SVG 1.1标准的进展,并在v0.48和v0.91版本之间改变了其版本识别.v0.91版本反映了Inkscape对SVG 1.1标准的82%的合规程度.虽然SVG 1.1标准的合规程度是其主要目标,但其他密切相关的标准也在地平线上:XML,CSS和HTML5.最显著的是,它不支持动画或SVG字体.截至本文撰写时,Inkscape的版本为0.91.

Inkscape is for Linux, Windows and Mac OS X (under X11), and other Unix-like operating systems. As of 2016, Inkscape is under active development, with new features being added regularly.
::景是Linux,Windows和Mac OS X (X11下),以及其他Unix类操作系统.截至2016年,景正在积极开发中,定期添加新功能.

Inkscape has good multi-lingual support particularly for complex scripts, something currently lacking in most commercial vector graphics applications.
::对于复杂的脚本,Inkscape 提供了良好的多语言支持,而目前大多数商业矢量图形应用程序都缺乏这种支持.

History
::历史

Inkscape began in 2003 as a fork of the Sodipodi project. Sodipodi, developed since 1999, was itself based on Gill, the work of Raph Levien.
::2003年,Inkscape作为Sodipodi项目的分支开始.Sodipodi自1999年起开发,它本身是基于Raph Levien的Gill.

The fork was led by a team of four former Sodipodi developers (Ted Gould, Bryce Harrington, Nathan Hurst, and  MenTaLguY ) who identified differences over project objectives, openness to third-party contributions, and Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) compliance as their reasons for forking. Inkscape, they claimed, would seek to focus development on implementing the complete SVG standard, whereas  Sodipodi  development had emphasized creating a general-purpose vector graphics editor, possibly at the expense of SVG. [1]
::索迪波迪的四位前开发人员 (Ted Gould,Bryce Harrington,Nathan Hurst和MenTaLguY) 领导了分叉,他们认为分叉的原因是项目目标,对第三方贡献的开放性和可扩展矢量图形 (SVG) 合规性的差异.他们声称,Inkscape将寻求将开发重点放在实现完整的SVG标准上,而索迪波迪的开发则强调创建一个通用矢量图形编辑器,可能以SVG为代价. [1]

Since the fork, Inkscape has, among other things, changed from using C to  C++ ; changed to the  GTK+  toolkit C++ bindings (gtkmm); redesigned the user interface and added a number of new features. Its implementation of the SVG standard has shown gradual improvement, but is still incomplete.
::自从分叉以来,Inkscape除其他外,已经从使用C改为C++;改为GTK+工具包C++绑定 (gtkmm);重新设计了用户界面并添加了一些新功能.其对SVG标准的实施已经逐渐得到改进,但仍然不完整.

Rather than top-down governance, its developers claim to encourage an equal culture where authority stems from an individual developer's abilities and active involvement in the project. As a result, the project places special emphasis on giving all active developers full access to its source code repository, and on active participation in the larger open source community, often in the form of inter-project initiatives and secondary projects like the Open Clip Art Library [2] . While the project founders are still well-represented in the decision-making process, many newcomers have also come to play prominent roles. Among them is "bulia byak", architect of the profound user interface changes that have given Inkscape its present appearance.
::虽然项目创始人仍然在决策过程中占据很大份额,但许多新人也开始发挥重要作用.其中包括"bulia byak",即用户界面的深刻变革的设计者,这使得Inkscape的外观变得如此.

Inkscape is currently a Google Summer of Code [3]  and linuxfund.org project.
::目前Inkscape是谷歌代码夏季[3]和linuxfund.org项目.

Features
::其他特点

Object creation
::创建对象

  • Rectangles and Squares (optionally with rounded corners)
    ::矩形和方形 (可选的圆角)
  • 3D Boxes
    ::立体盒子
  • Ellipses, Circles and Arcs
    ::圆,圆圈和弧形
  • Stars and Polygons (optionally rounded or randomized)
    ::星和多边形 (可选地圆或随机)
  • Spirals (inner/outer controls, divergence)
    ::螺旋 (内部/外部控制,分歧)
  • Path and Rendering Tools:
    ::路径和染工具:
  • Pencil tool (freehand drawing w/stroked paths)
    ::笔工具 (自由手绘图/划线路)
  • Bezier Curves and Straight lines
    ::贝济尔曲线和直线
  • Calligraphy tool (freehand drawing with calligraphic objects, graphics tablet pressure/angle support)
    ::书法工具 (用书法物体自由手绘画,图形平板压力/角度支)
  • Text and other tools:
    ::文字和其他工具:
  • Text tool (support for unicode characters (Ctrl+U))
    ::文字工具 (支持单码字符 (Ctrl+U))
  • Tweak tool (tweak objects by scuplting or painting)
    ::调整工具 (通过雕刻或绘画调整物体)
  • Measurement tool (angle and distance viewer)
    ::测量工具 (角度和距离查看器)
  • Spray tool (duplicate pre-selected objects by sculpting or painting)
    ::喷雾工具 (通过雕塑或绘画重复预先选择的物体)
  • Erase tool (erase existing path)
    ::删除工具 (删除现有路径)
  • Bucket tool (fill bounded areas)
    ::桶工具 (填充边界区域)
  • Diagram Connector tool, create path diagram connectors (i.e., flow charts, circuit boards)
    ::图形连接器工具,创建路径图形连接器 (即流程图,电路板)
  • Menu bar rendering:
    ::菜单表示:
  • Linked or Embedded bitmap images, either imported or rasterized from selected objects.
    ::链接或嵌入的位图图像,从选定的对象导入或化.
  • >Edit>Clones ("live" linked copies of objects)
    ::>编辑>克隆 ("实时"对象的链接副本)
  • >Extensions>Render (create 18 menu driven objects)
    ::提供 (创建18个菜单驱动对象)
  • >File>Import Open Clipart...(search and download from openclipart.org)
    ::>文件>导入开放剪辑... (从 openclipart.org 搜索和下载)
  • >Object > Symbols ...(Copying and pasting symbols from file being edited and from symbol libraries)
    ::>对象 >符号... (复制和粘贴正在编辑的文件和符号库中的符号)
  • >Path >Trace pixel art... (trace an imported pixel image, .png/.jpg)
    ::> 路径 > 追踪像素艺术... (追踪一个导入的像素图像, .png/.jpg)
  • >Extensions >Generate from Path (render 8 menu driven objects based on selected path(s))
    ::>扩展>从路径生成 (根据所选路径呈现8个菜单驱动对象)

Object manipulation
::对象操作

  • Object transformations (positioning, scaling, rotating, skewing), via freehand, snapped, locked, key combinations, by numeric values or dedicated dialogs (menus)
    ::通过自由手,快速,锁定,键组合,数字值或专用对话框 (菜单) 来实现对象转换 (定位,缩放,旋转,斜率)
  • Z-order operations, object stacking order within a layer
    ::Z顺序操作,在一个层内对象堆叠顺序
  • Grouping objects, with a way to "select in group" without ungrouping, or "enter the group"
    ::组建对象,有"选择在组"的方式而不解组,或"进入组"
  • Layers, with a way to lock and/or hide individual layers, rearrange them, etc; layers form a stacking order
    ::层,有办法锁定和/或隐藏单个层,重新排列它们等;层形成堆叠顺序
  • Cut, Copy and Paste operations of objects
    ::对象的切割,复制和粘贴操作
  • Alignment and Distribution commands, including grid arrange, randomization, unclamping
    ::调整和分配命令,包括网格排列,随机化,解
  • A tool to create patterns of clones, using wallpaper symmetries plus arbitrary scales, shifts, rotates, and color changes, optionally randomized
    ::一个工具来创建克隆的模式,使用壁纸对称性加任意尺度,移动,旋转,和颜色变化,可随机选择
  • Grid, Guide, Node, Object and other options for snapping
    ::网格,指导,节点,对象和其他选择

Styling objects
::风格对象

  • Fill and Stroke dialog (RGB, HSL, CMYK, Color Wheel, CMS)
    ::填充和冲击对话框 (RGB,HSL,CMYK,色轮,CMS)
  • Color palettes
    ::颜色板
  • Color picker ("dropper") tool
    ::颜色选择器 ("滴滴器") 工具
  • Opacity (master, gradient stop)
    ::透明度 (主,梯度停止)
  • Gradients: multi-point linear and radial
    ::梯度:多点线性和辐射
  • Pattern fills (bitmap/vectors)
    ::模式填充 (位图/向量)
  • Filters (menu bar, over 260 filters)
    ::过器 (菜单,超过260个过器)
  • Mask and Clip effects
    ::面具和剪辑效果
  • Dashed strokes, with many predefined dashes
    ::划分的笔记,有很多预定义的划分
  • Extensions (menu bar, 141 effects)
    ::扩展 (菜单,141种效果)
  • Path Markers (start, middle and end markers, e.g. arrowheads)
    ::路径标记 (开始,中间和结束标记,例如箭头)
  • Copy/Paste styles
    ::复制/粘贴风格
  • Per file Swatch
    ::根据文件的Swatch

Operations on paths
::在路径上的操作

  • Node editing: positioning nodes and segments, curve handles, node alignment and distribution, scaling and rotating node groups, "node sculpting" (proportional editing of multiple nodes)
    ::节点编辑:定位节点和段,曲线处理,节点对齐和分布,缩放和旋转节点组,节点雕塑 (多个节点的比例编辑)
  • Converting to path (for text, images or shapes), including converting stroke to path
    ::将字符串转换为路径 (对于文本,图像或形状),包括将字符串的 stroke 转换为路径
  • Boolean operations (union, intersection, difference, exclusion, division)
    ::布尔运算 (结合,交叉,差异,排除,除)
  • Path simplification, with variable threshold
    ::路径简化,可变门
  • Path insetting and outsetting, including dynamic and linked offset objects
    ::路径插入和外置,包括动态和链接的偏移对象
  • Clipping paths (non-destructive clipping)
    ::剪切路径 (非破坏性剪切)
  • Bitmap tracing (both color and b/w)
    ::位图追踪 (色彩和白色)
  • ‣Path ‣‣Path Effects...  contains over a dozen effects that can be manipulated on canvas and via menu settings.
    ::路径 路径效果... 包含十多种效果,
  • ‣Extensions ‣‣Modify Path , to add effects to existing paths and  ‣‣Generate from Path  for additional operations on paths.
    ::扩展 修改路径,为现有路径添加效果,以及 从路径生成路径上的额外操作.

Text Tool
::文字工具

  • Multi-line text
    ::多行文本
  • Adjustable font sizes
    ::可调节的字体大小
  • Use of any fonts installed in the Operating System
    ::使用任何安装在操作系统中的字体
  • Condensed , Normal,  Italic ,  Italic Condensed ,  Bold ,  Bold Italic ,  Bold Italic Condensed ,  Heavy
    ::凝结,正常,斜体,斜体 凝结,大胆,大胆斜体,大胆斜体 凝结,重
  • Align left, Align center, Align right, Justified (flowed text only)
    ::左排,中间排,右排,合理 (仅流出文本)
  • Superscript (s)  and Subscript (s)
    ::标题和字符
  • Line spacing, Text spacing, Word spacing, Horizontal character spacing (kerning), Vertical character shift, Character rotation
    ::字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距, 字符间距,
  • Horizontal text frame, Vertical text frame
    ::横文本框,垂直文本框
  • Unicode character support (Ctrl+U while in the 'Create and Edit Text' tool)
    ::支持Unicode字符 (Ctrl+U 在"创建和编辑文本"工具中)
Text Menu bar
::文字菜单
  • Text and Font... (Dialog)
    ::文字和字体... (对话)
  • SVG Font Editor...(Dialog)
    ::编辑器的字体...
  • Glyphs...(Dialog)
    ::字符串...
  • Put on path (text and path remain editable)
    ::设置路径 (文本和路径可以编辑)
  • Remove from path
    ::从路径中移除
  • Flow into frame
    ::流入
  • Unflow
    ::没有流动
  • Convert (flowed) to text (retains margins)
    ::转换 (流动) 为文本 (保留边际)
  • Remove Manual Kerns
    ::删除手动核
  • Spell Checking...(Dialog)
    ::拼写检查...

Viewer
::观众

  • Zoom options
    ::放大选项
  • Display mode: Normal, No filters, Outline
    ::显示模式:正常,没有过器,大纲
  • Color mode: Normal, Grayscale
    ::颜色模式:正常,灰度
  • Page Grid
    ::页面网格
  • Guides
    ::导游
  • Show/Hide interface bars
    ::显示/隐藏接口条
  • Show/Hide Dialogs
    ::显示/隐藏对话框
  • Swatches...
    ::没有任何问题.
  • Previous Window
    ::上一个窗口
  • Next Window
    ::下一个窗口
  • Icon Preview...
    ::图标预览
  • Duplicate Window
    ::复制窗口
  • Full Screen
    ::整屏幕
  • Default, Custom and Wide
    ::默认,定制和宽

File formats
::文件格式

  • SVG compliant file generation and editing
    ::创建和编辑符合SVG的文件
  • PNG, OpenDocument Drawing, DXF, sk1, PDF, EPS, PostScript and more export formats
    ::图像,DXF,sk1,PDF,EPS,PostScript 和更多的导出格式
  • Live watching and editing the document tree in the XML editor
    ::在XML编辑器中实时观看和编辑文档树
  • Command line options for export and conversions
    ::导出和转换的命令行选项

Miscellaneous
::其他

  • Collaborative editing over a network (whiteboard)
    ::通过网络进行协作编辑 (白板)
  • RDF metadata (authorship, date, license, etc.)
    ::基本数据 (作者,日期,许可证等)
  • Graphic tablet support
    ::图形平板电脑支持
  • Extension support
    ::延长支持
  • User interface is translated in more than 40 languages
    ::用户界面已翻译成40多种语言

Interface and usability
::接口和可用性

One of the priorities of the Inkscape project is interface consistency and usability. This includes efforts to follow the  GNOME Human Interface Guidelines  compliance, universal keyboard accessibility, and convenient on-canvas editing. Inkscape has achieved significant progress in usability since the project started. [4]
::印斯凯普项目的优先事项之一是界面的一致性和可用性.这包括努力遵循GNOME人机界面准则的合规性,通用键盘可访问性和方便的画布编辑.自项目开始以来,印斯凯普在可用性方面取得了重大进展. [1]

The interface of Sodipodi (Inkscape's predecessor) was partly based on those of  CorelDRAW  and  GIMP . The current Inkscape interface has been partially influenced by that of  Xara Photo and Graphic Designer .
::索迪波迪 (Inkscape 的前身) 的界面部分基于 CorelDRAW 和 GIMP 的界面.目前的 Inkscape 界面部分受到 Xara Photo 和 Graphic Designer 的影响.

The number of floating dialog boxes has been reduced, with their functions available using keyboard shortcuts or in the docked toolbars in the editing window. The tool controls bar at the top of the window always displays the controls relevant to the current tool.
::浮动对话框的数量已减少,其功能可通过键盘快捷键或编辑窗口中的对接工具进行编辑.窗口顶部的工具控制始终显示与当前工具相关的控制.

All transformations (not only moving but also scaling and rotating) have keyboard shortcuts with consistent modifiers (e.g. Alt transforms by 1 screen pixel at the current zoom, Shift multiplies the transformation by 10, etc.); these keys work on nodes in Node tool as well as on objects in Selector. The most common operations (such as transformations, zooming, z-order) have convenient one-key shortcuts.
::所有的转换 (不仅是移动,还包括缩放和旋转) 都具有具有一致修改器的键盘快捷键 (例如,当前变焦时Alt转换为1屏幕像素,Shift将转换乘以10等);这些键在Node工具中的节点以及Selector中的对象上工作.最常见的操作 (如转换,变焦,z顺序) 都具有方便的单键快捷键.

Inkscape provides floating/mouse-over tooltips and status bar hints for all buttons, controls, commands, keys, and on-canvas handles. It comes with a complete keyboard and mouse reference (in HTML and SVG) and several interactive tutorials in SVG.
::inkscape提供浮动/鼠标转移工具提示和状态提示所有按,控制,命令,键和在画布上的手柄. 它附带完整的键盘和鼠标参考 (HTML和SVG) 和一些交互式教程在SVG.


Last modified: Thursday, 20 March 2025, 4:10 PM